红外点滴报警系统的研制
摘要
静脉输液作为一种医疗给药手段,越来越多的应用到了临床医学当中,但是,随着静脉输液的广泛使用,输液过程中容易带来的一些不便也逐渐显现出来。静脉输液过程需要医护人员对两种输液信息进行随时的观察,分别是输液速度和输液是否完成。输液速度是根据病情、输液总量、输液目的和药物性质等情况确定的,输液速度过快或者过慢轻则会使患者产生不适,重则会影响患者的生命安全;静脉输液完成后需要医护人员进行及时的处理,如果处理不及时的话,会对病人的生命安全带来损害。但是静脉输液是一个漫长的过程,容易使患者和医护人员产生疏忽,不能及时的发现并处理上面提到的情况,增加了医疗事故发生的隐患。
红外点滴报警系统就是为了解决上述的问题,降低医护人员的工作强度,保护患者的生命财产而研制的。
红外点滴报警系统的主要功能是对输液过程进行监测,并且对输液速度不当和输液终了进行报警。系统主要由护士站主机和病房分机两部分组成,病房分机利用红外传感器对输液信息进行采集和处理,并利用无线的方式发送至护士站主机,护士站主机利用电脑软件对输液速度进行实时显示,当速度值超限或者输液终了时进行报警。使工作人员能够及时的处理发生的状况。上位机的软件同时带有患者信息管理系统,方便医护人员对病人信息进行管理。
红外点滴报警系统采用STC89C52RC作为微处理器,设计了无线通信模块、USB通讯模块、人机交互模块等主要模块。无线通信模块选用了Nordic公司的nRF24L01为核心芯片,该芯片工作于2.4GHz国际通用ISM频段,具有外围元件少,开发容易成本低等优点,并且可以通过更换天线提高系统的性能,便于系统的升级;USB通讯模块选用了国产的CH372,性能高,工作稳定。上位机软件的开发使用的是Visual C++6.0,实现了对输液过程的监测和对病人信息的管理。
红外点滴报警系统具有高性能低成本的特点,并且能够方便的根据实际情况对系统进行升级,具有很强的市场竞争力,适合推广使用。
Intravenous infusion as a route of administration, more and more applied to clinical medicine, but, as among the widespread use of intravenous infusion, its inconvenience are gradually revealed.
Medical personnel need to observe two kinds of infusion information during the infusion processes, it includes the speed and if the infusion is finish or not. The transfusion speed is determined by the illness, transfusion amount, and infusion purpose and medication profiles. Infusion too fast or slow is possible to causes the patient discomfort even endanger their life. After the infusion patient requires immediate treatment by medical care personnel, it will damage the life and health of patients if the treatment is not timely. But intravenous infusion is a lengthy process, easy to make patients and medical care personnel produces negligence, not timely find and deal with the situation mentioned above, will increased medical accidents hidden trouble.
Infrared infusion alarm system is developed to solve the problem, reduce medical staff’s intensity and protect the patient's life and property.
Infrared infusion alarm system’s main function is to infusion processes of transfusion speed monitoring and the alarm of improper speed and the end of the infusion. The system is compromised by the nurse station host and ward extension. The ward extension acquisition and processing infusion information by infrared sensor, using wireless sent the information to the nurse station host, nurse station using computer software to host real-time display infusion speed, when the speed value overrun or infusion end for the police. Make medical care workers can timely handling the situation. PC software is also the patient information management system, convenient for patient information medical personnel management.
The core of infrared infusion alarm system is made up of STC89C52RC, contain wireless communication module, USB communication module, human-computer interaction module and other major modules. Wireless communication module chose the Nordic companies nRF24L01 as the core chip, the chip works in 2.4 GHz international general ISM frequencies, less component with peripheral, development easy low cost etc, and can be through replacement of antenna improve the performance of the system, facilitate system upgrade; USB communication module chose homebred CH372, high performance, stable work. PC software development is using Visual C++ 6.0; realize the infusion of the process of monitoring and patient information management.
Infrared infusion alarm system has the characteristics of high performance, low cost and can easily according to the actual situation of system upgrades, has strong market competitiveness, suitable to spread the use of it.
红外点滴报警系统就是为了解决上述的问题,降低医护人员的工作强度,保护患者的生命财产而研制的。
红外点滴报警系统的主要功能是对输液过程进行监测,并且对输液速度不当和输液终了进行报警。系统主要由护士站主机和病房分机两部分组成,病房分机利用红外传感器对输液信息进行采集和处理,并利用无线的方式发送至护士站主机,护士站主机利用电脑软件对输液速度进行实时显示,当速度值超限或者输液终了时进行报警。使工作人员能够及时的处理发生的状况。上位机的软件同时带有患者信息管理系统,方便医护人员对病人信息进行管理。
红外点滴报警系统采用STC89C52RC作为微处理器,设计了无线通信模块、USB通讯模块、人机交互模块等主要模块。无线通信模块选用了Nordic公司的nRF24L01为核心芯片,该芯片工作于2.4GHz国际通用ISM频段,具有外围元件少,开发容易成本低等优点,并且可以通过更换天线提高系统的性能,便于系统的升级;USB通讯模块选用了国产的CH372,性能高,工作稳定。上位机软件的开发使用的是Visual C++6.0,实现了对输液过程的监测和对病人信息的管理。
红外点滴报警系统具有高性能低成本的特点,并且能够方便的根据实际情况对系统进行升级,具有很强的市场竞争力,适合推广使用。
Intravenous infusion as a route of administration, more and more applied to clinical medicine, but, as among the widespread use of intravenous infusion, its inconvenience are gradually revealed.
Medical personnel need to observe two kinds of infusion information during the infusion processes, it includes the speed and if the infusion is finish or not. The transfusion speed is determined by the illness, transfusion amount, and infusion purpose and medication profiles. Infusion too fast or slow is possible to causes the patient discomfort even endanger their life. After the infusion patient requires immediate treatment by medical care personnel, it will damage the life and health of patients if the treatment is not timely. But intravenous infusion is a lengthy process, easy to make patients and medical care personnel produces negligence, not timely find and deal with the situation mentioned above, will increased medical accidents hidden trouble.
Infrared infusion alarm system is developed to solve the problem, reduce medical staff’s intensity and protect the patient's life and property.
Infrared infusion alarm system’s main function is to infusion processes of transfusion speed monitoring and the alarm of improper speed and the end of the infusion. The system is compromised by the nurse station host and ward extension. The ward extension acquisition and processing infusion information by infrared sensor, using wireless sent the information to the nurse station host, nurse station using computer software to host real-time display infusion speed, when the speed value overrun or infusion end for the police. Make medical care workers can timely handling the situation. PC software is also the patient information management system, convenient for patient information medical personnel management.
The core of infrared infusion alarm system is made up of STC89C52RC, contain wireless communication module, USB communication module, human-computer interaction module and other major modules. Wireless communication module chose the Nordic companies nRF24L01 as the core chip, the chip works in 2.4 GHz international general ISM frequencies, less component with peripheral, development easy low cost etc, and can be through replacement of antenna improve the performance of the system, facilitate system upgrade; USB communication module chose homebred CH372, high performance, stable work. PC software development is using Visual C++ 6.0; realize the infusion of the process of monitoring and patient information management.
Infrared infusion alarm system has the characteristics of high performance, low cost and can easily according to the actual situation of system upgrades, has strong market competitiveness, suitable to spread the use of it.
引文
[1]田林怀,顾广胜,姜玉清.从医疗设备看医院发展[J].中国医学装备, 2005,2(3):17.
[2]郑行林,陈达.静脉输液现状与药学服务[J].中国药学, 2010,21(38):3639-3640.
[3] JIANG Yong, MA Kun, SONG Yu .The Monitoring Control System for Transfusion in Hospital Based on AT89C51 [J].Medical Equipment, 2007, 22(1):8-9.
[4] Carlson G.A, Love J.T., Urenda R.S., Spenser W.j., Eaton R.P. Portable Insulin Infusion System With A Rotary Solenoid-Driven Parietal Tic pump [J].Medical Progress Through Technology, 1980,8(1): 49-56.
[5] Richard Swim. Deployment of an Enterprise Wireless Infusion Pump Management System [J]. Biomedical Instrumentation and Technology, 2008.
[6]李秋津.临床输液速度及注意事项[J].保健医学研究与实践, 2011,8(1): 94.
[7] Pabinger,Ingrid;Tiede,Andreas;Kalina,Uwe;Knaub,Sigurd;Germann,Reinhard;Ostermann, Helmut. Impact of infusion speed on the safety and effectiveness of prothrombin complex concentrate [J]. Annals of Hematology, 2010, 2(3): 309-316.
[8] Alfredo J. Herrera, James Corless. Blood transfusions: Effect of speed of infusion and of needle gauge on hemolysis [J]. Journal of Pediatrics, 1981, 33(5): 757-758.
[9]聂学方.液体点滴智能监控系统的研究与设计[D].成都:成都理工大学硕士学位论文, 2010: 1-2.
[10]于向英,孙孝红,王永珍.新型弹簧输液报警器的研制与应用[J].护理研究, 2003,17(9): 1010.
[11]张爱华,张克平,朱亮.电容式传感器用于检测医疗输液液位的研究[J].传感器技术, 2004,23(8):9-11.
[12]白凤娥,常晓明,张新日.基于SOC的输液滴速监视器设计[J].计算机工程, 2005,31(14): 202-204.
[13]江勇.基于光电传感器的输液报警监控系统的研究[J].医疗装备, 2010, 23(12):9-11.
[14]李长胜,柴石婷,马迎建,张春熹.光纤型输液器液位自动报警装置[J].激光杂志, 2006, 27(5):91-92.
[15]彭端云,程自峰,陈红波,李战明,韦哲.基于超声波采集的无线数据传输的输液监控系统研制[J].医疗卫生装备, 2005, 26(8):7-8.
[16]石小波,汪金刚,何为,张占龙.基于CAN总线的医院内部病人输液监护系统[J].计算机应用, 2003, 23 (3):455-456.
[17] Compaq,HP,Intel,etc.Universal Serial Bus Specification [J], Reversion 2.0. 2000, 5(27):22-25.
[18]黄荣星.构建门诊无线输液管理系统[J].现代医院, 2010, 10(5):141-142.
[19] Manca, Massimo. Communication Protocols [J]. Circuit Cellar.2007 (208):50-57.
[20] Katiyar, Himanshu, Paul, Babu, Bhattacharjee, R. User Cooperation in TDMA Wireless System [J]. IETE technical review, 2008, 25(5):270-276.
[21] Carelse, X. F. An Introduction to the Industrial Applications of Microcontrollers [J]. PHYSICA SCRIPTA -SUPPLEMENT T-, 2002, 97(8):148-151.
[22]宏晶科技. STC89C51RC/RD+系列单片机器件手册[S], 2009:11-13.
[23] Thiang. Implementation of Speech Recognition on MCS51 Microcontroller for Controlling Wheelchair [A] International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems[C], 2007, 9:1193-1198.
[24]刘凤阁. MCS-51单片机的时钟电路[N].菏泽师范专科学校学报, 2003, 25 (2):87-89.
[25] Beichman, Charles A. Progress in the Infrared [J]. Science, 1993, 22(5104):107.
[26]赵燕,戴蓉.传感器原理及应用[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 2010:278-298.
[27] Cedell, Tord. Sensor [J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2008, 10(1):25.
[28]刁志. LM339四电压比较器集成块介绍[J].家电检修技术, 2007(2):61.
[29]刘海威.单片机及应用系统设计原理及实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2009:157-205.
[30]刘荣.圈圈教你玩USB[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2009:1-24.
[31] Martin Rowe. USB Reaches Mainstream Status [J]. Test & Measurement World, 2005, 25(5):47-49.
[32] Anonymous. Daisy-Chain USB with Dual-Port USB Hubs [J]. Electronic Design, 2004, 52(16):38-39.
[33] Qian Xie;Wuqiang Yang. Design of a USB Interface ...for a Data Aquisition System [J]. Electronics world, 2005, 111(1830):18-28.
[34]李兰,宁永海.基于CH372的USB数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].微计算机信息, 2007, 23(12):76-77.
[35] Reynolds, F. Whither Bluetooth [J]. Pervasive Computing, IEEE, 2008, 24(3):1536-1628.
[36] Magnus Berggren. Wireless Communication in Telemedicine Using Bluetooth and IEEE 802.111b [J]. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE, 2001,22(3):110-119.
[37] IrDA. Serial Infrared Physical Layer Specification-Version1.4[S], 2001, 5.
[38] Ureten, O.; Serinken, N. Wireless Security through RF Fingerprinting [J]. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Canadian Journal of, 2007, 23(1):27-33.
[39]李莎,谭永丽.基于nRF24L01的无线数据传输系统设计[N].湖北第二师范学院学报, 2011, 23 (2):109-111.
[40] NRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4GHz Transceiver Product Specification [EB]. http://www.nordicsemi.com.
[41]魏伟,胡玮,王永清. 51单片机C语言开发与应用技术案例详解[M].北京:北京工业出版社, 2010:17-35.
[42]廖平,乔刚.基于NRF2401的近距离点对多点无线通信系统[J].数字通信世界, 2006(8):69-71.
[43] Qiaoling Tu. Portable Anti-Collision Wireless Data Acquisition System [A]. International Conference on Information Acquisition[C], 2006, 6(8):20-23.
[44] D.R. BrownⅢ. A Wireless Differential Protection System for Air-core Inductors [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2005, 20(21):579-587.
[45]霍利峰.分布式输液监控系统的研究与实现[D].太原:太原理工大学硕士学位论文, 2007:1-10.
[46]吕兵,曲宝军,王玮. Visual C++从初学到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:28-42.
[47] Chrish. Pappas, William H.murray. The Visual C++ handbook [M]. Mcgraw-hill, 2007:100-156.
[48] DENVER A. Serial Communications in Win32 [J]. Microsoft Windows Developer Support. Microsoft, 1995, 23(8):24-36.
[2]郑行林,陈达.静脉输液现状与药学服务[J].中国药学, 2010,21(38):3639-3640.
[3] JIANG Yong, MA Kun, SONG Yu .The Monitoring Control System for Transfusion in Hospital Based on AT89C51 [J].Medical Equipment, 2007, 22(1):8-9.
[4] Carlson G.A, Love J.T., Urenda R.S., Spenser W.j., Eaton R.P. Portable Insulin Infusion System With A Rotary Solenoid-Driven Parietal Tic pump [J].Medical Progress Through Technology, 1980,8(1): 49-56.
[5] Richard Swim. Deployment of an Enterprise Wireless Infusion Pump Management System [J]. Biomedical Instrumentation and Technology, 2008.
[6]李秋津.临床输液速度及注意事项[J].保健医学研究与实践, 2011,8(1): 94.
[7] Pabinger,Ingrid;Tiede,Andreas;Kalina,Uwe;Knaub,Sigurd;Germann,Reinhard;Ostermann, Helmut. Impact of infusion speed on the safety and effectiveness of prothrombin complex concentrate [J]. Annals of Hematology, 2010, 2(3): 309-316.
[8] Alfredo J. Herrera, James Corless. Blood transfusions: Effect of speed of infusion and of needle gauge on hemolysis [J]. Journal of Pediatrics, 1981, 33(5): 757-758.
[9]聂学方.液体点滴智能监控系统的研究与设计[D].成都:成都理工大学硕士学位论文, 2010: 1-2.
[10]于向英,孙孝红,王永珍.新型弹簧输液报警器的研制与应用[J].护理研究, 2003,17(9): 1010.
[11]张爱华,张克平,朱亮.电容式传感器用于检测医疗输液液位的研究[J].传感器技术, 2004,23(8):9-11.
[12]白凤娥,常晓明,张新日.基于SOC的输液滴速监视器设计[J].计算机工程, 2005,31(14): 202-204.
[13]江勇.基于光电传感器的输液报警监控系统的研究[J].医疗装备, 2010, 23(12):9-11.
[14]李长胜,柴石婷,马迎建,张春熹.光纤型输液器液位自动报警装置[J].激光杂志, 2006, 27(5):91-92.
[15]彭端云,程自峰,陈红波,李战明,韦哲.基于超声波采集的无线数据传输的输液监控系统研制[J].医疗卫生装备, 2005, 26(8):7-8.
[16]石小波,汪金刚,何为,张占龙.基于CAN总线的医院内部病人输液监护系统[J].计算机应用, 2003, 23 (3):455-456.
[17] Compaq,HP,Intel,etc.Universal Serial Bus Specification [J], Reversion 2.0. 2000, 5(27):22-25.
[18]黄荣星.构建门诊无线输液管理系统[J].现代医院, 2010, 10(5):141-142.
[19] Manca, Massimo. Communication Protocols [J]. Circuit Cellar.2007 (208):50-57.
[20] Katiyar, Himanshu, Paul, Babu, Bhattacharjee, R. User Cooperation in TDMA Wireless System [J]. IETE technical review, 2008, 25(5):270-276.
[21] Carelse, X. F. An Introduction to the Industrial Applications of Microcontrollers [J]. PHYSICA SCRIPTA -SUPPLEMENT T-, 2002, 97(8):148-151.
[22]宏晶科技. STC89C51RC/RD+系列单片机器件手册[S], 2009:11-13.
[23] Thiang. Implementation of Speech Recognition on MCS51 Microcontroller for Controlling Wheelchair [A] International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems[C], 2007, 9:1193-1198.
[24]刘凤阁. MCS-51单片机的时钟电路[N].菏泽师范专科学校学报, 2003, 25 (2):87-89.
[25] Beichman, Charles A. Progress in the Infrared [J]. Science, 1993, 22(5104):107.
[26]赵燕,戴蓉.传感器原理及应用[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 2010:278-298.
[27] Cedell, Tord. Sensor [J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2008, 10(1):25.
[28]刁志. LM339四电压比较器集成块介绍[J].家电检修技术, 2007(2):61.
[29]刘海威.单片机及应用系统设计原理及实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2009:157-205.
[30]刘荣.圈圈教你玩USB[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2009:1-24.
[31] Martin Rowe. USB Reaches Mainstream Status [J]. Test & Measurement World, 2005, 25(5):47-49.
[32] Anonymous. Daisy-Chain USB with Dual-Port USB Hubs [J]. Electronic Design, 2004, 52(16):38-39.
[33] Qian Xie;Wuqiang Yang. Design of a USB Interface ...for a Data Aquisition System [J]. Electronics world, 2005, 111(1830):18-28.
[34]李兰,宁永海.基于CH372的USB数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].微计算机信息, 2007, 23(12):76-77.
[35] Reynolds, F. Whither Bluetooth [J]. Pervasive Computing, IEEE, 2008, 24(3):1536-1628.
[36] Magnus Berggren. Wireless Communication in Telemedicine Using Bluetooth and IEEE 802.111b [J]. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE, 2001,22(3):110-119.
[37] IrDA. Serial Infrared Physical Layer Specification-Version1.4[S], 2001, 5.
[38] Ureten, O.; Serinken, N. Wireless Security through RF Fingerprinting [J]. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Canadian Journal of, 2007, 23(1):27-33.
[39]李莎,谭永丽.基于nRF24L01的无线数据传输系统设计[N].湖北第二师范学院学报, 2011, 23 (2):109-111.
[40] NRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4GHz Transceiver Product Specification [EB]. http://www.nordicsemi.com.
[41]魏伟,胡玮,王永清. 51单片机C语言开发与应用技术案例详解[M].北京:北京工业出版社, 2010:17-35.
[42]廖平,乔刚.基于NRF2401的近距离点对多点无线通信系统[J].数字通信世界, 2006(8):69-71.
[43] Qiaoling Tu. Portable Anti-Collision Wireless Data Acquisition System [A]. International Conference on Information Acquisition[C], 2006, 6(8):20-23.
[44] D.R. BrownⅢ. A Wireless Differential Protection System for Air-core Inductors [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2005, 20(21):579-587.
[45]霍利峰.分布式输液监控系统的研究与实现[D].太原:太原理工大学硕士学位论文, 2007:1-10.
[46]吕兵,曲宝军,王玮. Visual C++从初学到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:28-42.
[47] Chrish. Pappas, William H.murray. The Visual C++ handbook [M]. Mcgraw-hill, 2007:100-156.
[48] DENVER A. Serial Communications in Win32 [J]. Microsoft Windows Developer Support. Microsoft, 1995, 23(8):24-36.