高边坡锚杆（索）支护技术的应用研究
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摘要
郑成功公园工程为2005年至2008年度城建重点项目,总投资1.25亿元。该工程位于市区大坪山区域内,地形地貌非常复杂。工程项目当中的英雄坡、烽火台所处的地理位置地势变化更大,最高点海拔标高为60米,坡脚海拔为16.16～20米之间,相对高差约40米,均需要进行边坡的防护处理,才能进行烽火台及南北两侧英雄坡的施工。根据国家标准《建筑边坡工程技术规范》(GB50330—2002)的安全等级划分,该边坡为永久性一级边坡。
根据山体的地形地貌现状及地质勘察资料的技术参数分析,采用锚杆(索)支护体系,提出高边坡锚杆(索)设计的关键技术。在工程施工过程中,根据锚杆(索)的施工特点及结合国内外锚杆(索)施工存在问题,提出高边坡锚杆(索)施工的关键技术。事实证明所使用的方法是切实可行的。主要体现在:1、对于二次注浆过程中局部基岩有裂隙出现浆体外泄的处理方法;2、对于坡型不规整的高边坡采用锚墩和格构梁体系结合使用,并对锚墩进行塑石处理达到美化景观的效果;3、对于锚杆(索)的防腐在施工工艺上采用不同的防腐方法,在工程实施中取得成效;4、对于开挖过程局部出现断裂带趋势采用应急预案取得良好的效果。由于施工过程中采用的措施得当,保证了英雄坡及烽火台边坡支护的稳定和安全。本文体现出来的主要特点:
一、对边坡地形地貌进行分析,选择好支护类型
二、对施工工艺进行研究,对于目前工艺存在的薄弱环节进行改进和加强。
三、对施工过程中的突发事件,按照原定的应急预案执行,保证边坡开挖及支护的安全。
四、通过监测数据的分析,对原设计方案进行补充和调整,使之更经济、合理。
通过对郑成功公园英雄坡、烽火台高边坡的锚杆(索)支护加固处理,使这类目前在世界上占主导地位的工程加固、支护先进工法的设计和施工走上定量控制阶段,提出相应的加固处理对策,对国计民生具有极重要意义。
The Zheng Chenggong park project is 2005 to 2008 year urban construction key project, the total investment 125,000,000 Yuan. This project located at the urban district large open area mountain region, the terrain landform is complex. In the middle of engineering project's heroic slope, the beacon tower locate the geographical position topography change is bigger, the peak elevation elevation is 60 meters, the toe of slope elevation is between 16.16～20 meters, the height relationship the approximately 40 meters, need to carry on the side slope protection processing, can carry on the beacon tower and the north and south both sides hero slope construction. According to national standards "Construction Side slope Engineering technology Standard" (GB50330-2002) security rating division, this side slope for permanent first-level side slope.
According to the mountain massif terrain landform present situation and the geological prospecting material's technical parameter analysis, uses the anchor rod (rope) to support and protect the system, proposed the high side slope anchor rod (rope) designs key technologies. In project construction process, according to anchor rod (rope) the construction characteristic and unifies the domestic and foreign anchor rods (rope) to construct the existence question, proposed the high side slope anchor rod (rope) constructs key technologies. The fact proved uses the method is practical and feasible. Mainly manifests in: 1st, the partial bedrock has the crevasse regarding two note thick liquid process to present the processing method which outside the hydromass releases; 2nd, is not neat regarding the slope uses the anchor pole and the trellis girder system union use, and carries on to the anchor pole models stone processing to achieve the beautified landscape the effect; 3rd, regarding anchor rod (rope) the anticorrosion uses the different anticorrosion method in the construction craft, makes the progress in the project implementation; 4th, regarding excavates the process to have the fault zone tendency to use the contingency plans partially to make the good progress. Because in the construction process uses the measure was appropriate, has guaranteed the heroic slope and the beacon tower side slope supports and protections stability and the insecurity. This article manifests main feature: one, carries on the analysis to the side slope terrain landform, chooses good supports and protections type two, to conduct the research to the construction craft, carries on regarding the present craft existence's weak link improves and strengthens. three, to the construction process's thunderbolt, according to the original contingency plans execution, guaranteed that the side slope excavates and the supports and protections security. four, through the monitor data's analysis, carry on the supplement and the adjustment to the original design plan, causes it to be more economical, to be reasonable.
Through to the Zheng Chenggong park hero slope, the beacon tower high side slope's anchor rod (rope) supports and protects reinforcement processing, causes this kind present to occupy the dominant position in the world the project reinforcement, the supports and protections advanced labor method design and the construction steps onto the quota control stage, proposed that the corresponding reinforcement processing countermeasure, has the extremely important meaning to the national economy and the people's livelihood.
根据山体的地形地貌现状及地质勘察资料的技术参数分析,采用锚杆(索)支护体系,提出高边坡锚杆(索)设计的关键技术。在工程施工过程中,根据锚杆(索)的施工特点及结合国内外锚杆(索)施工存在问题,提出高边坡锚杆(索)施工的关键技术。事实证明所使用的方法是切实可行的。主要体现在:1、对于二次注浆过程中局部基岩有裂隙出现浆体外泄的处理方法;2、对于坡型不规整的高边坡采用锚墩和格构梁体系结合使用,并对锚墩进行塑石处理达到美化景观的效果;3、对于锚杆(索)的防腐在施工工艺上采用不同的防腐方法,在工程实施中取得成效;4、对于开挖过程局部出现断裂带趋势采用应急预案取得良好的效果。由于施工过程中采用的措施得当,保证了英雄坡及烽火台边坡支护的稳定和安全。本文体现出来的主要特点:
一、对边坡地形地貌进行分析,选择好支护类型
二、对施工工艺进行研究,对于目前工艺存在的薄弱环节进行改进和加强。
三、对施工过程中的突发事件,按照原定的应急预案执行,保证边坡开挖及支护的安全。
四、通过监测数据的分析,对原设计方案进行补充和调整,使之更经济、合理。
通过对郑成功公园英雄坡、烽火台高边坡的锚杆(索)支护加固处理,使这类目前在世界上占主导地位的工程加固、支护先进工法的设计和施工走上定量控制阶段,提出相应的加固处理对策,对国计民生具有极重要意义。
The Zheng Chenggong park project is 2005 to 2008 year urban construction key project, the total investment 125,000,000 Yuan. This project located at the urban district large open area mountain region, the terrain landform is complex. In the middle of engineering project's heroic slope, the beacon tower locate the geographical position topography change is bigger, the peak elevation elevation is 60 meters, the toe of slope elevation is between 16.16～20 meters, the height relationship the approximately 40 meters, need to carry on the side slope protection processing, can carry on the beacon tower and the north and south both sides hero slope construction. According to national standards "Construction Side slope Engineering technology Standard" (GB50330-2002) security rating division, this side slope for permanent first-level side slope.
According to the mountain massif terrain landform present situation and the geological prospecting material's technical parameter analysis, uses the anchor rod (rope) to support and protect the system, proposed the high side slope anchor rod (rope) designs key technologies. In project construction process, according to anchor rod (rope) the construction characteristic and unifies the domestic and foreign anchor rods (rope) to construct the existence question, proposed the high side slope anchor rod (rope) constructs key technologies. The fact proved uses the method is practical and feasible. Mainly manifests in: 1st, the partial bedrock has the crevasse regarding two note thick liquid process to present the processing method which outside the hydromass releases; 2nd, is not neat regarding the slope uses the anchor pole and the trellis girder system union use, and carries on to the anchor pole models stone processing to achieve the beautified landscape the effect; 3rd, regarding anchor rod (rope) the anticorrosion uses the different anticorrosion method in the construction craft, makes the progress in the project implementation; 4th, regarding excavates the process to have the fault zone tendency to use the contingency plans partially to make the good progress. Because in the construction process uses the measure was appropriate, has guaranteed the heroic slope and the beacon tower side slope supports and protections stability and the insecurity. This article manifests main feature: one, carries on the analysis to the side slope terrain landform, chooses good supports and protections type two, to conduct the research to the construction craft, carries on regarding the present craft existence's weak link improves and strengthens. three, to the construction process's thunderbolt, according to the original contingency plans execution, guaranteed that the side slope excavates and the supports and protections security. four, through the monitor data's analysis, carry on the supplement and the adjustment to the original design plan, causes it to be more economical, to be reasonable.
Through to the Zheng Chenggong park hero slope, the beacon tower high side slope's anchor rod (rope) supports and protects reinforcement processing, causes this kind present to occupy the dominant position in the world the project reinforcement, the supports and protections advanced labor method design and the construction steps onto the quota control stage, proposed that the corresponding reinforcement processing countermeasure, has the extremely important meaning to the national economy and the people's livelihood.
引文
[1]《岩土工程基本术语标准》GB/T50279—98
[2]《岩土锚固技术手册(精)》
[3]《锚杆支护新技术与产品造型设计及事务防范处理实务全书》
[4]曹国金,姜弘道,张建斌.锚固技术的支护机理和试验分析研究动态[J],地下空间2002,22(1)
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[6]《建筑边坡工程技术规范》(GB50330—2002)
[7]国家标准《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB5011—2001)
[8]岩土体主要物理学指标按国家标准《岩土工程勘察规范》(GB50021—2001)
[9]《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB50007—2002)
[10]《土工试验方法标准》(GB/T50123—1999)
[11]《工程岩体试验方法标准》(GB/T50266—99)
[12]《原状土取样技术标准》(GBJ89—92)
[13]《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010—2002)
[14]《建筑工程地质钻探技术标准》(JGJ87—92)
[15]《钻探操作规范》
[16]《锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范》GB50086—2001
[17]《边坡工程—设计、监测、鉴定与加固》ISBN978—7—112—09566—7中国建筑工业出版社出版
[18]《水电水利工程锚喷支护施工规范》2002年12月
[19]国家标准《岩土工程勘察规范》(GB50021—2001)
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[2]《岩土锚固技术手册(精)》
[3]《锚杆支护新技术与产品造型设计及事务防范处理实务全书》
[4]曹国金,姜弘道,张建斌.锚固技术的支护机理和试验分析研究动态[J],地下空间2002,22(1)
[5]孔宪宾,任青文,汪洪武.水利水电科技进展[J]土层锚杆技术的发展及研究动态,1999,12:12-16.
[6]《建筑边坡工程技术规范》(GB50330—2002)
[7]国家标准《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB5011—2001)
[8]岩土体主要物理学指标按国家标准《岩土工程勘察规范》(GB50021—2001)
[9]《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB50007—2002)
[10]《土工试验方法标准》(GB/T50123—1999)
[11]《工程岩体试验方法标准》(GB/T50266—99)
[12]《原状土取样技术标准》(GBJ89—92)
[13]《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010—2002)
[14]《建筑工程地质钻探技术标准》(JGJ87—92)
[15]《钻探操作规范》
[16]《锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范》GB50086—2001
[17]《边坡工程—设计、监测、鉴定与加固》ISBN978—7—112—09566—7中国建筑工业出版社出版
[18]《水电水利工程锚喷支护施工规范》2002年12月
[19]国家标准《岩土工程勘察规范》(GB50021—2001)
[20]中国工程建设标准化协会标准《土层锚杆设计与施工规范(ECS22:90)》
[21]严德群.三维锚杆的数值模拟及其相互作用分析[R].南京河海大学硕士学位论文,2001,3
[22]中国工程建设标准化协会标准《岩土锚杆(索)技术规程》CECS 22:2005
[23]帕卡.R阚世折.一和新型锚杆—玻璃纤维锚索[J].国外金属矿山,1994,(8):
[24]吴陶,宋军.非金属锚索的研究应用现状〔J〕探矿工程,2003,2:1—3.
[25]曾宪明,陈肇元,王靖涛,杜云鹤.锚固类结构安全性与耐久性问题探讨[J]岩石力学与工程学报,2004,7,23(13):2235～2242
[26]陈仲颐,叶书麟.基础工程学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990
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