应用J2EE平台实现异构数据访问中间件技术的研究
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摘要
随着计算机和网络技术的不断发展，以及企业信息化建设的不断深入、软硬件资源的升级和各种应用的扩展，异构数据库访问技术已是数据库研究的一个焦点。因此如何利用现有网络资源，在多系统的环境下实现异构数据的移植与整合已是本课题研究的关键问题。本课题主要基于导师主持的黑龙江省科技攻关项目“面向数字林业应用软件的研究”，研究的主要目标就是应用J2EE平台实现异构数据访问的中间件技术为数字林业系统异构、异种数据库的数据移植和数据分析提供解决方案。
本文主要根据当前林业局现有系统的数据异构问题而提出，并依据系统的现状提出了解决数据异构问题的方案，主要实现互联网环境下对各种异构数据库(如：Oracle、SQL Server等)的连接、访问、移植，以及对各数据库中的数据进行提取，并且完成数据的整合与分析。
企业异构数据访问系统的实现涉及到众多技术，本文对中间件、ORM、Hibernate等关键技术进行了深入研究，并提出了数字林业系统异构数据访问的实现方案。最后，本文主要以J2EE平台的多层体系结构为依据，结合中间件技术，应用现今最前卫的数据中间件开发工具Hibernate框架实现了数字林业系统的异构数据访问。
本论文在系统开发过程中，综合运用了多种先进技术，将J2EE平台的Java前端开发技术与数据库中间件Hibernate技术紧密结合，实现了中间件技术与数字林业系统的整合，在林业项目开发技术上实现了创新。
本课题的研究，将为程序的开发带来良好的经济效应。多层的开发体系使整个开发程序构件化，提高程序开发的可重用性，为其他程序的开发提供良好的组件。本系统的实现，可以将它的中间层构件成可复用的中间件产品，应用到需要与异构数据库建立连接、访问的程序中，从而减少程序员开发的工作量，减少开发周期，大大降低程序开发成本。
With the unceasing development of computer and the network technology, as well as the enterprise information construction unceasingly is thorough, and the promotion of the software and hardware resources and the expansion of each kind of application, the heterogeneous database access technology already is a focal point of database research. How therefore uses the existing network resources that realizing the heterogeneous data transplant and the conformity under the multi- systems environment already is the key question of this topic research. This topic mainly the Heilongjiang Province science and technology attack project which manages based on supervisor "face the digital forestry application software research", and essential target of the research is realizing heterogeneous data accessing middleware technology using the J2EE platform for providing the solution to digital forestry system with the heterogeneous and the heterogeneous database data transplant and the data analysis.
This article main basis current forestry bureau existing system data heterogeneous question proposed that, and proposed based on the system present situation the solution of data heterogeneous question, mainly realizes under the Internet environment to each kind of heterogeneous database (for example: Oracle, SQL Server and so on) the connection, the access, the transplant, as well as carries on to in various databases data withdraws, and completes the data the conformity and the analysis.
The enterprise heterogeneous data accessing system realization involved to the multitudinous technology of middleware, ORM and Hibernate. This article has conducted the thorough research to the essential technology, and proposed the plan of realizing heterogeneous data access in the digital forestry system. Finally, this article has realized the digital forestry system heterogeneous data access that mainly basing on the J2EE platform with the multilayered system structure, and having the union with middleware technology, and using the nowadays most vanguard's data middleware development tool -- Hibernate frame.
In the system developing process, the present thesis has utilized the many kinds of advanced technologies by synthesis, and has built close integration between Java front end development technical based on J2EE platform and database middleware Hibernate technology, and has realized the middleware technology and the digital forestry system conformity. It has realized the innovation in the forestry project development technology.
The research of this topic will bring the good economical effect for the procedure development. The multilayered development system causes component of the entire development procedure, and enhances the procedure development to be possible to duplicated use, and provides the good module for other procedures developments. The realization of the
本文主要根据当前林业局现有系统的数据异构问题而提出，并依据系统的现状提出了解决数据异构问题的方案，主要实现互联网环境下对各种异构数据库(如：Oracle、SQL Server等)的连接、访问、移植，以及对各数据库中的数据进行提取，并且完成数据的整合与分析。
企业异构数据访问系统的实现涉及到众多技术，本文对中间件、ORM、Hibernate等关键技术进行了深入研究，并提出了数字林业系统异构数据访问的实现方案。最后，本文主要以J2EE平台的多层体系结构为依据，结合中间件技术，应用现今最前卫的数据中间件开发工具Hibernate框架实现了数字林业系统的异构数据访问。
本论文在系统开发过程中，综合运用了多种先进技术，将J2EE平台的Java前端开发技术与数据库中间件Hibernate技术紧密结合，实现了中间件技术与数字林业系统的整合，在林业项目开发技术上实现了创新。
本课题的研究，将为程序的开发带来良好的经济效应。多层的开发体系使整个开发程序构件化，提高程序开发的可重用性，为其他程序的开发提供良好的组件。本系统的实现，可以将它的中间层构件成可复用的中间件产品，应用到需要与异构数据库建立连接、访问的程序中，从而减少程序员开发的工作量，减少开发周期，大大降低程序开发成本。
With the unceasing development of computer and the network technology, as well as the enterprise information construction unceasingly is thorough, and the promotion of the software and hardware resources and the expansion of each kind of application, the heterogeneous database access technology already is a focal point of database research. How therefore uses the existing network resources that realizing the heterogeneous data transplant and the conformity under the multi- systems environment already is the key question of this topic research. This topic mainly the Heilongjiang Province science and technology attack project which manages based on supervisor "face the digital forestry application software research", and essential target of the research is realizing heterogeneous data accessing middleware technology using the J2EE platform for providing the solution to digital forestry system with the heterogeneous and the heterogeneous database data transplant and the data analysis.
This article main basis current forestry bureau existing system data heterogeneous question proposed that, and proposed based on the system present situation the solution of data heterogeneous question, mainly realizes under the Internet environment to each kind of heterogeneous database (for example: Oracle, SQL Server and so on) the connection, the access, the transplant, as well as carries on to in various databases data withdraws, and completes the data the conformity and the analysis.
The enterprise heterogeneous data accessing system realization involved to the multitudinous technology of middleware, ORM and Hibernate. This article has conducted the thorough research to the essential technology, and proposed the plan of realizing heterogeneous data access in the digital forestry system. Finally, this article has realized the digital forestry system heterogeneous data access that mainly basing on the J2EE platform with the multilayered system structure, and having the union with middleware technology, and using the nowadays most vanguard's data middleware development tool -- Hibernate frame.
In the system developing process, the present thesis has utilized the many kinds of advanced technologies by synthesis, and has built close integration between Java front end development technical based on J2EE platform and database middleware Hibernate technology, and has realized the middleware technology and the digital forestry system conformity. It has realized the innovation in the forestry project development technology.
The research of this topic will bring the good economical effect for the procedure development. The multilayered development system causes component of the entire development procedure, and enhances the procedure development to be possible to duplicated use, and provides the good module for other procedures developments. The realization of the
引文
[1] 尉斌．基于J2EE的企业异构数据源集成系统设计与实现．河北工业大学硕士论文．2004：1～4
[2] 郑雪，徐亚娟．中间件的概念、分类与应用．微型电脑应用．1999，(2)：15～17
[3] 李维宏，徐如志．中间件技术及其发展动态．微计算机应用．2002，23(3)：138～141
[4] 贺岚．基于构件的软件设计模型．计算机研究与发展．1998，135(5)：451～454
[5] 耿刚勇．基于构件的应用软件系统的体系结构及其开发模型．计算机研究与发展．1998，35(7)：594～598
[6] 范永强，刘海星．基于中间件技术的异构数据集成工具的设计与实现．中国科技信息．2005，(5)：34～35
[7] Sheth A P. Federated database systems for managing distributed, heterogeneous, and autonomous databases. ACM Computing Survey. 1997, 22(3): 183～236
[8] S.Adah, K.S.Candan, Y.Papakonstantinou, V.S.Subrahmanian. Query Caching and Optimization in Distributed Mediator Systems. Proceedings of Sigrnod 1996 Conference on Management of Data. 1996: 137～148
[9] 胡涛涛．中间件技术在数据库中的应用．太原大学学报．2005，6(2)：54～56
[10] 周立国，邓佑满等．跨平台实时数据库中间件的研究．计算机工程与应用．2004，(33)：192-194
[11] T Lahiri, S Abiteboul, J Widom, Ozone. Integrating Structured and Semistructured Data[EB/OL]. http://www-db.standford. edu/pub/papers/ozone.ps
[12] Cotton L. Streamlining the Acquisition Process for Middleware Technology. http://www.cmis.csiro.au/adsat/PDF/COTS. PDF, 2004
[13] Charles J. Middleware Moves to the Forefront[J]. IEEE Computer. 1999, 32(5): 17～19
[14] 杨立平，王小蕾，李彤，吕立．数据库中间件技术及在三层客户机／服务器模型中的实现．小型微型计算机系统．2001，22(4)：482～484
[15] 彭学君．异构结构下的数据库中间件．内蒙古师范大学学报自然科学版．2002，31(1)：40～41
[16] 张雪芹，余雪丽，孟昭光．多层应用软件体系结构中数据库中间件原型的构造．太原理工大学学报．2000，31(6)：616～619
[17] 李伶俐．异构数据整合技术在钢铁企业信息系统中的应用研究．武汉科技大学．2005：12～19
[18] Richard Hull. Managing semantic heterogeneity in database: A theoretical perspective. In Proc of the 16th ACM SIGACT SIGMOD SIGART Sym. On Principles of Database Systems(PODS-97). 1997[19] Richard Hull, Gang Zhou. A framework for supporting data integration using the materalized and virtual approaches. In H.V.Jagadish and Inderpal Signh Mumick, editors, Proceedings of ACM SIFMOD 1996 International Conference on Management of Data. Montreal. Canada. 1996
[20] Hector Garcia-Molina, Joachim Hammer, Kelly Ireland. Integrating and Accessing Heterogeneous Information Sources in TSIMMIS
[21] Paul Brown. Developing Object-Relational Database Applications. IBM Informix Press. 2002: http://www.IBM.com
[22] Scott W. Ambler. The Fundamentals of Mapping Objects To Relational Databases. 2003: http://www.agiledata.org/essays/mappingObjects.html
[23] Bruce Eckel. Thinking in Java. Prentice Hall 2nd Edition. 2000:101～668
[24] 何铮，陈志刚．对象／关系映射框架的研究与应用．计算机工程与应用．2003，(26)：189
[25] Arthur J．Riel．OOD启思录Object-Oriented Design Heuristics．人民邮电出版社．2004：15～16
[26] Kruszelnicki. Persist data with Java Data Objects. JavaWorld. 2002, (3): 1～20
[27] 王鑫．基于Hibernate的O／R映射数据持久化的研究．中南民族大学学报自然科学版．2005，24(3)：81～84
[28] 龙伟健，余应淮．Hibernate应用与开发实践．福建电脑．2006，(3)：169～170
[29] Hibernate Organization. Hibernate Documentation. http://www.hibernate.org.2004
[30] 刘壮．基于Spring+Hibernate的方法研究及实例．吉林大学硕士论文．2005：15～23
[31] 夏昕，曹晓钢，唐勇．深入浅出Hibernate．电子工业出版社．2005：15～89
[32] 刘洋．精通Hibernate．电子工业出版社．2005：32-52
[33] 孙卫琴．精通Hibernate：Java对象持久化技术详解．电子工业出版社．2005：173～207
[34] 施兴健，徐良贤．Hibernate在Struts中的研究和应用．计算机工程．2004，30：165～167
[35] 阳王东，唐伟佳．基于Hibernate实现对异构数据库的集成．计算机系统应用．2005，(1)：48～51
[36] 李敏，黄强．多异构数据库环境下的数据共享方案研究．绵阳师范学院学报．2005，24(5)：29～33
[37] 辛峰，刘常玲．“数字林业”研究概述及前景展望．河北林业科技．2005，(6)：39～40
[38] 张锡英，王霓虹．数字林业中异构数据库的解决方案研究．森林工程．2005，21(1)：69～72
[39] 方陆明，陈勤娟，周友法．中国数字林业的构建与展望浙江林学院学报．2002，19(2)：222～226
[40] 沈锐．基于J2EE物流系统持久层的Hibernate解决方案．电脑知识与技术．2005，(3)：13～15[41] 董洪杉，窦延平．利用Hibernate的J2EE数据持久层的解决方案．计算机工程．2001，30：17～18
[42] 边爽．智能异构数据集成系统中性能优化方法的研究．大连海事大学硕士论文．2005：7～13
[43] Inderjeet Singh, Beth Stearns, Mark Johnson. Designing Enterprise Applications with the J2EE Platform. Second edition. Sun Microsoft. 2004:15～20
[44] Peter W.Fach. Design Reuse Through Frameworks and Patterns. IEEE Computer Society Press. 2001, (1): 71～76
[45] Diego Bonura, Rosario Culmone, Emanuela Merelli. Patterns for Web application. ACM Press. 2002: 739～746
[46] Kai Kockimies. A Patterns-based J2EE Application Development Environment. Novdic Journal of Computing. 2002, (9): 248～260
[47] Yang Fuqing etc. An Approach to Software Development based on Heterogeneous Component Reuse and its Supporting System. Science in China. 1997, 40(4): 405～413
[48] 冯国仕，李志蜀．基于Struts与Hibernate集成架构的项目管理系统．计算机应用．2005，25(8)：1884～1889
[49] Oracle. Oracle Application Server 10g Top Link. http://www.oracle.com.2003
[50] 于宝琴，王太勇等．基于Oracle的企业异构数据流整合．计算机工程．2004，30(24)：47～51
[51] 汤晓兵，汪美霞．SQL Server2000与异构数据源之间的传输转换技术．山东建筑工程学院学报．2004，19(2)：52～54
[2] 郑雪，徐亚娟．中间件的概念、分类与应用．微型电脑应用．1999，(2)：15～17
[3] 李维宏，徐如志．中间件技术及其发展动态．微计算机应用．2002，23(3)：138～141
[4] 贺岚．基于构件的软件设计模型．计算机研究与发展．1998，135(5)：451～454
[5] 耿刚勇．基于构件的应用软件系统的体系结构及其开发模型．计算机研究与发展．1998，35(7)：594～598
[6] 范永强，刘海星．基于中间件技术的异构数据集成工具的设计与实现．中国科技信息．2005，(5)：34～35
[7] Sheth A P. Federated database systems for managing distributed, heterogeneous, and autonomous databases. ACM Computing Survey. 1997, 22(3): 183～236
[8] S.Adah, K.S.Candan, Y.Papakonstantinou, V.S.Subrahmanian. Query Caching and Optimization in Distributed Mediator Systems. Proceedings of Sigrnod 1996 Conference on Management of Data. 1996: 137～148
[9] 胡涛涛．中间件技术在数据库中的应用．太原大学学报．2005，6(2)：54～56
[10] 周立国，邓佑满等．跨平台实时数据库中间件的研究．计算机工程与应用．2004，(33)：192-194
[11] T Lahiri, S Abiteboul, J Widom, Ozone. Integrating Structured and Semistructured Data[EB/OL]. http://www-db.standford. edu/pub/papers/ozone.ps
[12] Cotton L. Streamlining the Acquisition Process for Middleware Technology. http://www.cmis.csiro.au/adsat/PDF/COTS. PDF, 2004
[13] Charles J. Middleware Moves to the Forefront[J]. IEEE Computer. 1999, 32(5): 17～19
[14] 杨立平，王小蕾，李彤，吕立．数据库中间件技术及在三层客户机／服务器模型中的实现．小型微型计算机系统．2001，22(4)：482～484
[15] 彭学君．异构结构下的数据库中间件．内蒙古师范大学学报自然科学版．2002，31(1)：40～41
[16] 张雪芹，余雪丽，孟昭光．多层应用软件体系结构中数据库中间件原型的构造．太原理工大学学报．2000，31(6)：616～619
[17] 李伶俐．异构数据整合技术在钢铁企业信息系统中的应用研究．武汉科技大学．2005：12～19
[18] Richard Hull. Managing semantic heterogeneity in database: A theoretical perspective. In Proc of the 16th ACM SIGACT SIGMOD SIGART Sym. On Principles of Database Systems(PODS-97). 1997[19] Richard Hull, Gang Zhou. A framework for supporting data integration using the materalized and virtual approaches. In H.V.Jagadish and Inderpal Signh Mumick, editors, Proceedings of ACM SIFMOD 1996 International Conference on Management of Data. Montreal. Canada. 1996
[20] Hector Garcia-Molina, Joachim Hammer, Kelly Ireland. Integrating and Accessing Heterogeneous Information Sources in TSIMMIS
[21] Paul Brown. Developing Object-Relational Database Applications. IBM Informix Press. 2002: http://www.IBM.com
[22] Scott W. Ambler. The Fundamentals of Mapping Objects To Relational Databases. 2003: http://www.agiledata.org/essays/mappingObjects.html
[23] Bruce Eckel. Thinking in Java. Prentice Hall 2nd Edition. 2000:101～668
[24] 何铮，陈志刚．对象／关系映射框架的研究与应用．计算机工程与应用．2003，(26)：189
[25] Arthur J．Riel．OOD启思录Object-Oriented Design Heuristics．人民邮电出版社．2004：15～16
[26] Kruszelnicki. Persist data with Java Data Objects. JavaWorld. 2002, (3): 1～20
[27] 王鑫．基于Hibernate的O／R映射数据持久化的研究．中南民族大学学报自然科学版．2005，24(3)：81～84
[28] 龙伟健，余应淮．Hibernate应用与开发实践．福建电脑．2006，(3)：169～170
[29] Hibernate Organization. Hibernate Documentation. http://www.hibernate.org.2004
[30] 刘壮．基于Spring+Hibernate的方法研究及实例．吉林大学硕士论文．2005：15～23
[31] 夏昕，曹晓钢，唐勇．深入浅出Hibernate．电子工业出版社．2005：15～89
[32] 刘洋．精通Hibernate．电子工业出版社．2005：32-52
[33] 孙卫琴．精通Hibernate：Java对象持久化技术详解．电子工业出版社．2005：173～207
[34] 施兴健，徐良贤．Hibernate在Struts中的研究和应用．计算机工程．2004，30：165～167
[35] 阳王东，唐伟佳．基于Hibernate实现对异构数据库的集成．计算机系统应用．2005，(1)：48～51
[36] 李敏，黄强．多异构数据库环境下的数据共享方案研究．绵阳师范学院学报．2005，24(5)：29～33
[37] 辛峰，刘常玲．“数字林业”研究概述及前景展望．河北林业科技．2005，(6)：39～40
[38] 张锡英，王霓虹．数字林业中异构数据库的解决方案研究．森林工程．2005，21(1)：69～72
[39] 方陆明，陈勤娟，周友法．中国数字林业的构建与展望浙江林学院学报．2002，19(2)：222～226
[40] 沈锐．基于J2EE物流系统持久层的Hibernate解决方案．电脑知识与技术．2005，(3)：13～15[41] 董洪杉，窦延平．利用Hibernate的J2EE数据持久层的解决方案．计算机工程．2001，30：17～18
[42] 边爽．智能异构数据集成系统中性能优化方法的研究．大连海事大学硕士论文．2005：7～13
[43] Inderjeet Singh, Beth Stearns, Mark Johnson. Designing Enterprise Applications with the J2EE Platform. Second edition. Sun Microsoft. 2004:15～20
[44] Peter W.Fach. Design Reuse Through Frameworks and Patterns. IEEE Computer Society Press. 2001, (1): 71～76
[45] Diego Bonura, Rosario Culmone, Emanuela Merelli. Patterns for Web application. ACM Press. 2002: 739～746
[46] Kai Kockimies. A Patterns-based J2EE Application Development Environment. Novdic Journal of Computing. 2002, (9): 248～260
[47] Yang Fuqing etc. An Approach to Software Development based on Heterogeneous Component Reuse and its Supporting System. Science in China. 1997, 40(4): 405～413
[48] 冯国仕，李志蜀．基于Struts与Hibernate集成架构的项目管理系统．计算机应用．2005，25(8)：1884～1889
[49] Oracle. Oracle Application Server 10g Top Link. http://www.oracle.com.2003
[50] 于宝琴，王太勇等．基于Oracle的企业异构数据流整合．计算机工程．2004，30(24)：47～51
[51] 汤晓兵，汪美霞．SQL Server2000与异构数据源之间的传输转换技术．山东建筑工程学院学报．2004，19(2)：52～54