支持工作流的集成多视图建模方法
摘要
实施CIMS的关键在于集成，集成首先是信息集成，信息集成提高了企业的现代化管理水平和整体经济效益。科学有效的建模方法是设计集成的信息化系统的关键问题之一。现有的建模方法如CIM-OSA体系结构、GIM方法、IDEF系列等在集成方面存在一定的不足。另外，近几年来敏捷制造、并行工程、企业经营过程重组等技术逐渐成为企业提高生产效率、扩大市场的手段。由于工作流技术能够将应用逻辑和过程逻辑分离，可以不修改具体功能实现而只修改过程模型来改变系统功能，所以在信息系统中得到广泛应用。
本文在IDEF系列方法的基础上提出了一个支持工作流的CIMS建模方法——WFOMM。WFOMM模型集包含四个模型，即动态模型、组织模型、功能模型和信息模型。WFOMM采取了以动态模型为基础，进行必要的添加、分析和提取，生成系统的功能模型和信息模型的方法，达到集成多视图建模的目的。动态模型用来描述企业的实际业务流程，它以IDEF0方法为基础，扩充了单证、业务和角色等信息。功能模型能够直接指导系统的设计，是整个模型集的核心。它是将动态模型中需要计算机处理的，工作流系统需要的功能信息提取出来而生成。信息模型是从功能模型中提取出数据信息，并建立各个数据实体之间的联接关系生成的。组织模型描述了企业组织机构的层次化结构，定义组织中不同的角色。在整个模型集中除组织模型以外，其他模型均实现了处理方法、数据信息和角色的封装。在此过程中，既实现了模型的一致性，也克服了常用建模方法中数据与处理分离的弱点。同时，由于信息模型的建立以功能模型为基础，实现了复杂系统的自然分割，减少了问题空间的复杂度。
除此以外，笔者还开发了一套基于WFOMM的建模工具软件，为模型集的建立提供支持。本文简要介绍了该软件系统的实现方法、开发和运行环境及功能。
When the CIMS is driplemented, the key is integraion. A scientific and
effective modeling methodology is the driportan part to design an integraed
ichrmation system. The existing modeling methods, such as Cm-OSA, GIM and
lDEF, has some shortages in the integration. These days, the flexible
manufacturing tecboque, concurrent engineering tecboque, and business process
reengineering technique are gradually used in enterprises to improve production
efficiency and strong competitive caPability. Workflow tecboque can separate the
aPplication logic from process logic. lt can transform fimctions of the system by
modifying the process model, and the implement script of these fimctions is not
need to be changed. So WoAnow tecboque is widely used in the information
system.
In thes thesis, an CIMS multi-view modeling method--Wormow Orienied
multi~view modeling method (WFOMM) is eXPounded. Four most imPortan
views (dynamic, orghaZaion, fimction and drirmation) were chosen to set model
of system. Based on the dyndric model of system, the function model and
ichrmation model of system were set tbrough addition, analysis and abstraction.
The dynamic model is based on IDEF0 method in order to describe the business
process of enterprises. There are information of forms, business and role in the
dynamic model. Function model is used to suPport the system design, and it is the
focus of the Whole model collection. The information of dynamic model is
abstracted to fOrm funCtion model. ComPther Processes and WoAnow system
need this information. Information model have the data infOrmation of fimCtion
model and itS relationshiPs. OrghaZaion model describe the architecture of an
enterprise orgwhZation, and it defines all kinds of role. Dynamic model is the
encaPsulation of data. Process and role, the same to funtion model and
infOrmation model. These modeling methods not only implement the consistency
of models, bul also save the problem of separaion betWeen data and process.
Because infOrmation model is set based on driction model, complicated system
was divided natUrally and the comPlication of problem was decreased greatly.
Fdriermore, author design a based on wrOMM modeling tool software. It is
used to make the model collection. The irnplement method, the function and
running environ!nent of the softwar are described in thes thesis.
本文在IDEF系列方法的基础上提出了一个支持工作流的CIMS建模方法——WFOMM。WFOMM模型集包含四个模型，即动态模型、组织模型、功能模型和信息模型。WFOMM采取了以动态模型为基础，进行必要的添加、分析和提取，生成系统的功能模型和信息模型的方法，达到集成多视图建模的目的。动态模型用来描述企业的实际业务流程，它以IDEF0方法为基础，扩充了单证、业务和角色等信息。功能模型能够直接指导系统的设计，是整个模型集的核心。它是将动态模型中需要计算机处理的，工作流系统需要的功能信息提取出来而生成。信息模型是从功能模型中提取出数据信息，并建立各个数据实体之间的联接关系生成的。组织模型描述了企业组织机构的层次化结构，定义组织中不同的角色。在整个模型集中除组织模型以外，其他模型均实现了处理方法、数据信息和角色的封装。在此过程中，既实现了模型的一致性，也克服了常用建模方法中数据与处理分离的弱点。同时，由于信息模型的建立以功能模型为基础，实现了复杂系统的自然分割，减少了问题空间的复杂度。
除此以外，笔者还开发了一套基于WFOMM的建模工具软件，为模型集的建立提供支持。本文简要介绍了该软件系统的实现方法、开发和运行环境及功能。
When the CIMS is driplemented, the key is integraion. A scientific and
effective modeling methodology is the driportan part to design an integraed
ichrmation system. The existing modeling methods, such as Cm-OSA, GIM and
lDEF, has some shortages in the integration. These days, the flexible
manufacturing tecboque, concurrent engineering tecboque, and business process
reengineering technique are gradually used in enterprises to improve production
efficiency and strong competitive caPability. Workflow tecboque can separate the
aPplication logic from process logic. lt can transform fimctions of the system by
modifying the process model, and the implement script of these fimctions is not
need to be changed. So WoAnow tecboque is widely used in the information
system.
In thes thesis, an CIMS multi-view modeling method--Wormow Orienied
multi~view modeling method (WFOMM) is eXPounded. Four most imPortan
views (dynamic, orghaZaion, fimction and drirmation) were chosen to set model
of system. Based on the dyndric model of system, the function model and
ichrmation model of system were set tbrough addition, analysis and abstraction.
The dynamic model is based on IDEF0 method in order to describe the business
process of enterprises. There are information of forms, business and role in the
dynamic model. Function model is used to suPport the system design, and it is the
focus of the Whole model collection. The information of dynamic model is
abstracted to fOrm funCtion model. ComPther Processes and WoAnow system
need this information. Information model have the data infOrmation of fimCtion
model and itS relationshiPs. OrghaZaion model describe the architecture of an
enterprise orgwhZation, and it defines all kinds of role. Dynamic model is the
encaPsulation of data. Process and role, the same to funtion model and
infOrmation model. These modeling methods not only implement the consistency
of models, bul also save the problem of separaion betWeen data and process.
Because infOrmation model is set based on driction model, complicated system
was divided natUrally and the comPlication of problem was decreased greatly.
Fdriermore, author design a based on wrOMM modeling tool software. It is
used to make the model collection. The irnplement method, the function and
running environ!nent of the softwar are described in thes thesis.
引文
[1] 孙玉全，史海波．CIMS 实施过程中存在的问题及几点经验．信息与控制．1999，12：12-19页
[2] 李柏虎，吴澄．现代集成制造的发展与863／CIMS 主题的实施策略．计算机集成制造系统．1998，5：6-12页
[3] 陈家栋．CIMS 集成多视图建模方法及参考模型．清华大学博士学位论文．1996：2-3页
[4] Cheolhan Kim, Kwangsoo Kim,Injun Choi.An Object-Oriented information Modeling Methodology for Manufacturing Information Systems. Computer Industry Engineering. 1993,25(3):
[5] Caselli S., Papaconstantinou C..A Structure-Function-Control Paradigm for Knowledge-based Modeling and Design of Manufacturing Workcell.Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing.1992,10(2):252-259P
[6] 薛劲松，宋宏编著．CIMS 的总体设计．机械工业出版社，1997：21-25页
[7] 白英彩编著．计算机集成制造系统：CIMS 概论．清华大学出版社，1997：41-45页
[8] 罗海滨，范玉顺，吴澄．基于 CIMOSA 功能视图的经营过程建模方法研究．控制与决策．1999，7：4-9页
[9] Jacbson I Ericsson M, Jacobson A. The object advantage-business process reengineering with object techonology.New York:Addison-Wesley, 1995
[10] 范玉顺，吴澄．基于 Petri 网的企业 CIM 系统建模方法研究．机械科学与技术，1997，9：10-15页
[11] 薛劲松，宋宏等著．CIMS 的总体设计．机械工业出版社，1997：1-5页
[12] 陈禹六等著．IDEFO 及 IDEF1X—复杂系统通用的涉及分析方法．电子工业出版社，1991：8-24页，29-41页
[13] 陈雪松．CIMS 集成多视图建模方法的研究．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．2000，2：23-24页
[14] 孙玉全，高展，薛劲松．I_2DEF—面向复杂系统的集成化建模方法．辽宁大学学报．1998，6：10-14页
[15] 李芳云，柴跃廷编著．CIMS 环境下：集成化管理信息系统的分析、设计与实施．清华大学出版社，1996：32-36页
[16] 白庆华，何玉林编著．CIMS 中的系统集成和信息集成．电子工业出版社，1997：52-56页
[17] 范玉顺，曹军威编著．复杂系统的面向对象建模、分析与设计．清华大学出版社，2000：14-15页
[18] 陈睿，谢新洲著．新一代信息系统—面向对象信息系统的分析与设计．航空工业出版社，1996：4-52页
[19] 周翔，蔡自兴，金敏．CIMS 中信息建模原则及面向对象的建模方法和实现．计算机工程．1998，24(5)：11-14页
[20] 贾洞．面向对象分析建模策略．计算机工程．1997，23(6)：35-37页
[21] 赵虹，范玉顺，吴澄．工作流管理技术及产品的现状及发展趋势．机械工业出版社，1996：22-25页
[22] 范玉顺、吴澄．基于工作流的 CIMS 应用集成支持系统研究．计算机工程与科学．2001，1：28页
[23] J. Eder and W. Liebhart. Workflow Recovery. In Proc. of the lst. IFCIS Conference on Cooperative Information Systems, Brussels, Belgium,1996, 6:12-34P
[24] U. Dayal, M. Hsu and R. Ladin. A Transaction Madel for Long-running Activities.In Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Very Large Databases, 1991, 8:113-122P
[25] P. Korzeniowski. Workflow Software Automates Processes. Software Magazine. 1999, 2:21-25P
[26] N. Krishnakumar and A.Sheth. Managing Heterogendeous Multi-system Tasks to Support Enterprise-wide Operations.Distributed and Parallel Databases, 1999, 3(2):155-186P
[27] Das S. ORBWork: A Distributed CORBA-based Runtime for the METEOR2 Workflow Management System. University of GEorgia.1997:45-67P
[28] 范玉顺，曹军威编著．复杂系统的面向对象建模、分析与设计．清华大学出版社，2000：59-60页29页
[29] 董逸生主编．CIMS 中的数据库技术．机械工业出版社，1997：23-26页67页
[30] Michael J.Young 著．Visual C++从入门到精通．邱仲潘等译．机械工业出版社，1997：536-537页67页
[2] 李柏虎，吴澄．现代集成制造的发展与863／CIMS 主题的实施策略．计算机集成制造系统．1998，5：6-12页
[3] 陈家栋．CIMS 集成多视图建模方法及参考模型．清华大学博士学位论文．1996：2-3页
[4] Cheolhan Kim, Kwangsoo Kim,Injun Choi.An Object-Oriented information Modeling Methodology for Manufacturing Information Systems. Computer Industry Engineering. 1993,25(3):
[5] Caselli S., Papaconstantinou C..A Structure-Function-Control Paradigm for Knowledge-based Modeling and Design of Manufacturing Workcell.Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing.1992,10(2):252-259P
[6] 薛劲松，宋宏编著．CIMS 的总体设计．机械工业出版社，1997：21-25页
[7] 白英彩编著．计算机集成制造系统：CIMS 概论．清华大学出版社，1997：41-45页
[8] 罗海滨，范玉顺，吴澄．基于 CIMOSA 功能视图的经营过程建模方法研究．控制与决策．1999，7：4-9页
[9] Jacbson I Ericsson M, Jacobson A. The object advantage-business process reengineering with object techonology.New York:Addison-Wesley, 1995
[10] 范玉顺，吴澄．基于 Petri 网的企业 CIM 系统建模方法研究．机械科学与技术，1997，9：10-15页
[11] 薛劲松，宋宏等著．CIMS 的总体设计．机械工业出版社，1997：1-5页
[12] 陈禹六等著．IDEFO 及 IDEF1X—复杂系统通用的涉及分析方法．电子工业出版社，1991：8-24页，29-41页
[13] 陈雪松．CIMS 集成多视图建模方法的研究．哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文．2000，2：23-24页
[14] 孙玉全，高展，薛劲松．I_2DEF—面向复杂系统的集成化建模方法．辽宁大学学报．1998，6：10-14页
[15] 李芳云，柴跃廷编著．CIMS 环境下：集成化管理信息系统的分析、设计与实施．清华大学出版社，1996：32-36页
[16] 白庆华，何玉林编著．CIMS 中的系统集成和信息集成．电子工业出版社，1997：52-56页
[17] 范玉顺，曹军威编著．复杂系统的面向对象建模、分析与设计．清华大学出版社，2000：14-15页
[18] 陈睿，谢新洲著．新一代信息系统—面向对象信息系统的分析与设计．航空工业出版社，1996：4-52页
[19] 周翔，蔡自兴，金敏．CIMS 中信息建模原则及面向对象的建模方法和实现．计算机工程．1998，24(5)：11-14页
[20] 贾洞．面向对象分析建模策略．计算机工程．1997，23(6)：35-37页
[21] 赵虹，范玉顺，吴澄．工作流管理技术及产品的现状及发展趋势．机械工业出版社，1996：22-25页
[22] 范玉顺、吴澄．基于工作流的 CIMS 应用集成支持系统研究．计算机工程与科学．2001，1：28页
[23] J. Eder and W. Liebhart. Workflow Recovery. In Proc. of the lst. IFCIS Conference on Cooperative Information Systems, Brussels, Belgium,1996, 6:12-34P
[24] U. Dayal, M. Hsu and R. Ladin. A Transaction Madel for Long-running Activities.In Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Very Large Databases, 1991, 8:113-122P
[25] P. Korzeniowski. Workflow Software Automates Processes. Software Magazine. 1999, 2:21-25P
[26] N. Krishnakumar and A.Sheth. Managing Heterogendeous Multi-system Tasks to Support Enterprise-wide Operations.Distributed and Parallel Databases, 1999, 3(2):155-186P
[27] Das S. ORBWork: A Distributed CORBA-based Runtime for the METEOR2 Workflow Management System. University of GEorgia.1997:45-67P
[28] 范玉顺，曹军威编著．复杂系统的面向对象建模、分析与设计．清华大学出版社，2000：59-60页29页
[29] 董逸生主编．CIMS 中的数据库技术．机械工业出版社，1997：23-26页67页
[30] Michael J.Young 著．Visual C++从入门到精通．邱仲潘等译．机械工业出版社，1997：536-537页67页