分布式软件体系结构研究及在企业中应用
摘要
随着企业规模和软件复杂性的不断增加，系统总体结构规划和设计的重要性远远超过了特定算法和数据结构的选择与设计。软件体系结构作为描述系统高层设计和实现更广范围内软件重用的手段，已成为软件工程领域研究的一个热点。
论文首先系统地研究了软件体系结构的定义、起源、研究内容和意义，对分布式软件体系结构作了专门详细的论述。接着对业务过程重组的一个重要技术——工作流管理作了简单的介绍。然后在对特定领域的软件体系结构讨论和已有研究的基础上提出了一个基于DSSA的、具有层次风格的企业资源计划(ERP)模型——ERPSA2.0及其开发环境。并在最后介绍了一个使用该模型的实例系统。
论文对ERPSA2.0进行了详细地讨论，提出了构建企业模型的层次结构分析方法和进行业务功能细分的功能接口分析方法，并按照软件体系结构的复用思想开发了一系列和领域有关的专用功能模型、通用功能模型和辅助功能开发模块。
As the size of enterprise and complexity of software system increase, the design and specification of overall system become more significant issues than the choice and design of specific algorithms and data structures. As a means of representing the system design at a high level of abstraction and implementing the software reuse in a widely area, software architecture is one of the hotspot in software engineering field.
In this paper we first present the definitions, origins, research directions and importance of software architecture, dissertate distributed software architecture. The dissertation introduces the concept of workflow management system, an important method to implement business process reengineering (BPR). On the basis of Domain-Specific Software Architecture (DSSA) and
Researched chief, we develop a DSSA-based ERP model-ERPSA2.0
and its development circumstances, and at last introduce an actual software system used ERPSA2.0.
We discuss the model in detail, bring forward tier-analyse method of enterprise model and function-interface method of business. Based on resumption of software architecture, develop a series of especially function module relate to domain, currency function module and assistant development module.
论文首先系统地研究了软件体系结构的定义、起源、研究内容和意义，对分布式软件体系结构作了专门详细的论述。接着对业务过程重组的一个重要技术——工作流管理作了简单的介绍。然后在对特定领域的软件体系结构讨论和已有研究的基础上提出了一个基于DSSA的、具有层次风格的企业资源计划(ERP)模型——ERPSA2.0及其开发环境。并在最后介绍了一个使用该模型的实例系统。
论文对ERPSA2.0进行了详细地讨论，提出了构建企业模型的层次结构分析方法和进行业务功能细分的功能接口分析方法，并按照软件体系结构的复用思想开发了一系列和领域有关的专用功能模型、通用功能模型和辅助功能开发模块。
As the size of enterprise and complexity of software system increase, the design and specification of overall system become more significant issues than the choice and design of specific algorithms and data structures. As a means of representing the system design at a high level of abstraction and implementing the software reuse in a widely area, software architecture is one of the hotspot in software engineering field.
In this paper we first present the definitions, origins, research directions and importance of software architecture, dissertate distributed software architecture. The dissertation introduces the concept of workflow management system, an important method to implement business process reengineering (BPR). On the basis of Domain-Specific Software Architecture (DSSA) and
Researched chief, we develop a DSSA-based ERP model-ERPSA2.0
and its development circumstances, and at last introduce an actual software system used ERPSA2.0.
We discuss the model in detail, bring forward tier-analyse method of enterprise model and function-interface method of business. Based on resumption of software architecture, develop a series of especially function module relate to domain, currency function module and assistant development module.
引文
[1] D. E. Perry and A. L. Wolf, Foundations for the Study of Software Architectures, ACMSIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, vol.17, no. 4, October 1992, pp. 40-52;
[2] Paul C. Clements, Linda M. Northrop, Software Architecture: An Executive Overview, Technical Report, CMU/SEI-96-TR-003, ESC-TR-96-003． Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, February 1996;
[3] Gacek, C., Abd-Allah, A., Clark, B.K., and Boehm, B., On the Definition of Software System Architecture, in Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Architectures for Software Systems-In Cooperation with the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering, Seattle, WA, April 24-25, 1995, pp. 85-95;
[4] Kruchten, Philippe B, The 4+1 View Model of Architecture, IEEE Software, 12, 6 (November 1995) , pp. 42-50;
[5] Mary Shaw, David Garland. Software Architecture: Perspectives on an emerging discipline. 北京，清华大学出版社． 1998． 4;
[6] Gacek, C., A. Abd-Allah, B.K. Clark, and B.W. Boehm, Research Issues in Software Architectures, USC Technical Report USC-CSE-94-499, June 1994;
[7] R. Hayes-Roth and W. Tracz, DSSA Tool Requirements for Key Process Functions, ADAGE Technical Report, ADAGE-IBM-93-13B, October 1994;
[8] David Garlan, Dewayne E. Perry, Introduction to the Special Issue on Software Architecture, IEEE Transactions On Software Engineering, vol. 21, no. 4, April 1995;
[9] The UML Modeling Language User Guide, http://www.rational.com/uml;
[10] Soni D., Nord R., & Hofmeister C., Software Architecture in Industrial Applications", Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering, Seattle, WA, April23-30, 1995, pp. 196-210;
[11] Paul C. Clements, Coming Attractions in Software Architecture, Technical Report, CMU/SEI-96-TR-008, ESC-TR-96-008, Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, January 1996;
[12] Len Bass, Rick Kazman, Architecture-Based Development, Technical Report, CMU/SEI-99-TR-007, ESC-TR-99-007, Carnegie Mellon University, Software
Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 1999;
[13]J. E. Robbins, Nenad Medvidovic, David F. Redmiles, David S. Rosenblum,Integrating Architecture Description Languages with a Standard Design Method, 20th International Conference on Software Engineering, Kyoto,Japan, April 1998;
[14]David Garlan,Robert Monroe,David Wile,ACME:An Architecture Description Interchange Language,CASCON'97, November 1997;
[15]Gacek,C.,Exploiting Domain Architectures in Software Reuse, ACM SIGSOFT SSR,1995;
[16]Thomas Curran,Gerhard Keller,Andrew Ladd.SAP R/3业务蓝图——理解业务过程参考模型．北京：人民邮电出版社，2000；
[17]Alexander Egyed,Philippe B.Kruchten, Rose/Architect:a tool to visualize architecture, Hawaii International Conference on System Science, January 1999;
[18]Dewayne E.Perry, Software Architecture and Software Engineering, Symposium on Software Theory & Practice,World Computer Conference 2000 (WCC2000),Beijing, China, August22-24,2000;
[19]W.Tracz, DSSA (Domain-Specific Software Architecture) Pedagogical Example,ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes,July 1995.
[20]周莹新，艾波．软件体系结构建模研究．软件学报，1998，9(11)：866～872；
[21]冯铁，张家晨，陈伟，金淳兆．基于框架和角色模型的软件体系结构规约．软件学报，2000，11(8)：1078～1086；
[22]杨芙清，梅宏，李克勤．软件复用与软件构件技术．电子学报，1999，27(2)：68～75；
[23]杨芙清，朱冰，梅宏．软件复用．软件学报，1995，6(9)：525～533；
[24]徐正权，软件生产线方法．小型微型计算机系统，2000，21(3)：309～312；
[25]张毅．制造资源计划MRPⅡ及其应用．清华大学出版社，1997年；
[26]刘超，张莉．可视化面向对象建模技术——标准建模语言UML教程．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999；
[27]罗海滨，范玉顺，吴澄．工作流技术综述．软件学报，2000，11(7)：899～907；
[28]郑烈锋，陈锋．基于Internet/Intranet的制造业信息集成研究．2001年全国软件技术研讨会．大连出版社，2001．
[2] Paul C. Clements, Linda M. Northrop, Software Architecture: An Executive Overview, Technical Report, CMU/SEI-96-TR-003, ESC-TR-96-003． Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, February 1996;
[3] Gacek, C., Abd-Allah, A., Clark, B.K., and Boehm, B., On the Definition of Software System Architecture, in Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Architectures for Software Systems-In Cooperation with the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering, Seattle, WA, April 24-25, 1995, pp. 85-95;
[4] Kruchten, Philippe B, The 4+1 View Model of Architecture, IEEE Software, 12, 6 (November 1995) , pp. 42-50;
[5] Mary Shaw, David Garland. Software Architecture: Perspectives on an emerging discipline. 北京，清华大学出版社． 1998． 4;
[6] Gacek, C., A. Abd-Allah, B.K. Clark, and B.W. Boehm, Research Issues in Software Architectures, USC Technical Report USC-CSE-94-499, June 1994;
[7] R. Hayes-Roth and W. Tracz, DSSA Tool Requirements for Key Process Functions, ADAGE Technical Report, ADAGE-IBM-93-13B, October 1994;
[8] David Garlan, Dewayne E. Perry, Introduction to the Special Issue on Software Architecture, IEEE Transactions On Software Engineering, vol. 21, no. 4, April 1995;
[9] The UML Modeling Language User Guide, http://www.rational.com/uml;
[10] Soni D., Nord R., & Hofmeister C., Software Architecture in Industrial Applications", Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Software Engineering, Seattle, WA, April23-30, 1995, pp. 196-210;
[11] Paul C. Clements, Coming Attractions in Software Architecture, Technical Report, CMU/SEI-96-TR-008, ESC-TR-96-008, Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, January 1996;
[12] Len Bass, Rick Kazman, Architecture-Based Development, Technical Report, CMU/SEI-99-TR-007, ESC-TR-99-007, Carnegie Mellon University, Software
Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 1999;
[13]J. E. Robbins, Nenad Medvidovic, David F. Redmiles, David S. Rosenblum,Integrating Architecture Description Languages with a Standard Design Method, 20th International Conference on Software Engineering, Kyoto,Japan, April 1998;
[14]David Garlan,Robert Monroe,David Wile,ACME:An Architecture Description Interchange Language,CASCON'97, November 1997;
[15]Gacek,C.,Exploiting Domain Architectures in Software Reuse, ACM SIGSOFT SSR,1995;
[16]Thomas Curran,Gerhard Keller,Andrew Ladd.SAP R/3业务蓝图——理解业务过程参考模型．北京：人民邮电出版社，2000；
[17]Alexander Egyed,Philippe B.Kruchten, Rose/Architect:a tool to visualize architecture, Hawaii International Conference on System Science, January 1999;
[18]Dewayne E.Perry, Software Architecture and Software Engineering, Symposium on Software Theory & Practice,World Computer Conference 2000 (WCC2000),Beijing, China, August22-24,2000;
[19]W.Tracz, DSSA (Domain-Specific Software Architecture) Pedagogical Example,ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes,July 1995.
[20]周莹新，艾波．软件体系结构建模研究．软件学报，1998，9(11)：866～872；
[21]冯铁，张家晨，陈伟，金淳兆．基于框架和角色模型的软件体系结构规约．软件学报，2000，11(8)：1078～1086；
[22]杨芙清，梅宏，李克勤．软件复用与软件构件技术．电子学报，1999，27(2)：68～75；
[23]杨芙清，朱冰，梅宏．软件复用．软件学报，1995，6(9)：525～533；
[24]徐正权，软件生产线方法．小型微型计算机系统，2000，21(3)：309～312；
[25]张毅．制造资源计划MRPⅡ及其应用．清华大学出版社，1997年；
[26]刘超，张莉．可视化面向对象建模技术——标准建模语言UML教程．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1999；
[27]罗海滨，范玉顺，吴澄．工作流技术综述．软件学报，2000，11(7)：899～907；
[28]郑烈锋，陈锋．基于Internet/Intranet的制造业信息集成研究．2001年全国软件技术研讨会．大连出版社，2001．