基于PCI的扭矩测量卡的设计与实现
摘要
面临ISA接口的扭矩卡将被淘汰的局面，本课题主要侧重于基于PCI接口扭矩卡的设计与实现。设计中采用FPGA技术将PCI控制器、相位测量模块、转速测量模块、ADC控制器、DAC控制器和通用IO控制器完全集成在一颗FPGA芯片中。简化了系统设计，提高了系统性能，且显著减小了系统的PCB面积，使系统的集成度大大提高。采用电源隔离和总线隔离技术，提高了系统的抗干扰能力。在相位测量部分采用双边沿过零鉴相的方法，从理论上消除了由于失调电压引起的误差。在转速测量部分，采用延时消抖的方法，消除了由于FPGA芯片相应速度太快引起的抖动误差。在ADC和DAC部分，采用串行SPI总线，有利于隔离总线的设计，采用偏置调节和放大倍数调节放大器，使采样输入电压和DAC转换输出电压都能够完全达到系统的设计要求。在GPIO的设计中采用低速光隔离器件，提高了系统的抗干扰能力，同时减低了系统的成本。在软件方面，使用Driver Studio和Vsiual studio c++开发了PCI的WDM驱动程序、DLL程序及其相关测试程序。
This project focus on designing a torque measurement, based on PCI bus, facing with the ISA bus will be eliminated. The PCI controller, phase-shift measure module, speed measure module, ADC controller, DAC controller, General IO are integrated on one FPGA chip. This method predigests the design of this project, reduces the PCB, and also enhances the performance. The power and bus isolated methods are used to improve the anti-jamming performance. On design of phase-shift measure module, dual-edge measure and cross-zero comparator are used to estimate the off-set voltage in theory and improve the resolution. On design of speed measure module, edge-trigger module is implemented to reduce logical jitters caused by high response performance of FPGA chips. In the part of ADC and DAC module, SPI bus is used to reduce the wires of bus, which make it feasible to use bus isolation, off-set adjust resistor and gain adjust resistor are offered to cater for the system acquires. On GPIO module design, low speed isolators are used to reduce the cost. Mention to the software design, the PCI WDM-driver for Windows operation system is designed using Driver Studio and Visual studio c++ developing tools and a DLL file which packs the driver is generated; meanwhile, the test applications are designed.
This project focus on designing a torque measurement, based on PCI bus, facing with the ISA bus will be eliminated. The PCI controller, phase-shift measure module, speed measure module, ADC controller, DAC controller, General IO are integrated on one FPGA chip. This method predigests the design of this project, reduces the PCB, and also enhances the performance. The power and bus isolated methods are used to improve the anti-jamming performance. On design of phase-shift measure module, dual-edge measure and cross-zero comparator are used to estimate the off-set voltage in theory and improve the resolution. On design of speed measure module, edge-trigger module is implemented to reduce logical jitters caused by high response performance of FPGA chips. In the part of ADC and DAC module, SPI bus is used to reduce the wires of bus, which make it feasible to use bus isolation, off-set adjust resistor and gain adjust resistor are offered to cater for the system acquires. On GPIO module design, low speed isolators are used to reduce the cost. Mention to the software design, the PCI WDM-driver for Windows operation system is designed using Driver Studio and Visual studio c++ developing tools and a DLL file which packs the driver is generated; meanwhile, the test applications are designed.
引文
[1] PCI Special Interest Group. PCI Local Bus Specification: [M]. American: PCI Special Interest Group, 2001.
[2] Gonzalez-Gonzalez, H.; May-Arrioja, D. A.; Meneses-Nava, M. A.; Tepichin-Rodriguez, E.; Sanchez-Mondragon, J. J. Automatic system for phase shift measurement using correlation[JA]. USA: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Bellingham, WA, USA, 1998.
[3] Paterson, N. Non invasive torque measurement applied to 3-phase induction motors: [J]. APC: Proc 29 Univ Power Eng Conf, v1, 1994.
[4] 武安河．Windows 2000／XP WDM设备驱动程序开发(第二版)[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，2005．
[5] 梁毓明，朱建武，张振利，等．基于JCZ型传感器的扭矩和转速测量方法[J]．哈尔滨：传感器技术，2005．
[6] 郑金菊，余水宝．相位实时检测技术研究：[J]．哈尔滨：电测与仪表，2003．
[7] 李向阳，庹先国，穆克亮，等．相位检测系统中误差的消除：[J]．北京：电子技术应用，2007．
[8] 袁亮．PCI数据加密卡的NT式驱动程序研究与实现：[D]．成都：电子科技大学，2002．
[9] 薛林．高速PCI数据采集卡的设计与实现：[D]．南京：南京理工大学，2006．
[10] 沈羽．基于PCI总线的实时高速数据记录器研究：[D]．北京：中国科学院研究生院，2006．
[11] XILINX. PCI Deign Guide Version 3.0: [Z]. USA: XILINX, Inc, 2000.
[12] Texas Instruments. ADS7844 Datasheet: [Z]. USA: Texas Instruments Incorporated, 2005.
[13] Texas Instruments. TLV5638 Datasheet: [Z]. USA: Texas Instruments Incorporated, 2005.
[2] Gonzalez-Gonzalez, H.; May-Arrioja, D. A.; Meneses-Nava, M. A.; Tepichin-Rodriguez, E.; Sanchez-Mondragon, J. J. Automatic system for phase shift measurement using correlation[JA]. USA: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Bellingham, WA, USA, 1998.
[3] Paterson, N. Non invasive torque measurement applied to 3-phase induction motors: [J]. APC: Proc 29 Univ Power Eng Conf, v1, 1994.
[4] 武安河．Windows 2000／XP WDM设备驱动程序开发(第二版)[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，2005．
[5] 梁毓明，朱建武，张振利，等．基于JCZ型传感器的扭矩和转速测量方法[J]．哈尔滨：传感器技术，2005．
[6] 郑金菊，余水宝．相位实时检测技术研究：[J]．哈尔滨：电测与仪表，2003．
[7] 李向阳，庹先国，穆克亮，等．相位检测系统中误差的消除：[J]．北京：电子技术应用，2007．
[8] 袁亮．PCI数据加密卡的NT式驱动程序研究与实现：[D]．成都：电子科技大学，2002．
[9] 薛林．高速PCI数据采集卡的设计与实现：[D]．南京：南京理工大学，2006．
[10] 沈羽．基于PCI总线的实时高速数据记录器研究：[D]．北京：中国科学院研究生院，2006．
[11] XILINX. PCI Deign Guide Version 3.0: [Z]. USA: XILINX, Inc, 2000.
[12] Texas Instruments. ADS7844 Datasheet: [Z]. USA: Texas Instruments Incorporated, 2005.
[13] Texas Instruments. TLV5638 Datasheet: [Z]. USA: Texas Instruments Incorporated, 2005.