谷物清选机的虚拟样机设计与研究
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摘要
随着全球市场化的发展,产品开发必须迅速响应市场的需求。在产品开发或者改进过程中采用虚拟样机技术,可以优化产品设计方案,缩短产品开发周期,节约产品开发成本,从而使企业在竞争中获得极大的优势。本文根据谷物清选机的工作要求,以虚拟样机技术为基础,以TQLZ型谷物清选机为原型,建立了其振动筛选部分的虚拟样机,并对其关键参数和结构进行了优化、分析和设计,从而为清选机的改进提供了可靠的依据。
本文是在查阅了国内外现有的谷物清选机的基础上,并针对大型粮库谷物进仓前所常用的滚筒式清选机和振动式清选机进行了实地调研,发现了该两类清选机在应用中存在的问题,为谷物清选机的设计与改进打下了基础。
基于SolidWorks软件平台,采用了多种建模方式,构建了谷物清选机的关键部件—振动筛的实体模型。并模拟实际样机构建了谷物清选机的振动筛选部件的数字模型,建立了谷物清选机的研究模型。完成了谷物清选机的虚拟样机设计。
通过定量分析谷物清选机不同运动主参数所对应的物料运动状况,研究了不同物料运动状况对筛选机性能的影响。利用CosmosMotion软件对其筛选机的简化机构进行了动力学和运动学仿真,得到了系统中各零部件的运动情况,包括位移、速度、加速度等,并且以动画、图形、表格等多种形式输出了结果。为设计和调整运动主参数提供依据。
运用ANSYS软件构建了谷物清选机的缓冲弹簧螺栓联结部分的有限元模型,得到了螺栓联结部分的应力变形和应力分布图,找出了应力集中部位。对螺栓联结部分所采用的材料、结构进行了分析,并针对该部分的不足之处提出了改进措施。
本文通过对谷物清选机的虚拟样机的设计与研究,进行了一些有创新和有建设性的尝试,为利用虚拟样机技术研究农业机械提供了有益的参考,同时也必将会促进谷物清选机的改进和发展。
With the development of market globalization,product research speed has to meet the demand of market.The virtual prototype(VP) technology is used to optimize the design,shorten development cycle and save costs in research,which could benefits the company in competition.According to the work requirement of grain cleaning machine,the paper established part of vibration filter of VP based on VP technology,selected TQLZ grain cleaning machine as a prototype.And the key parameters and structure were analyzed and designed to provide a reliable basis for improvement
The paper based on the searching of machines in the world,mainly on roller and vibrate cleaning machine,provided the design and improvement of machine by finding existing problems of the two types.
The real model of key part of grain cleaning machine:vibration filter was constructed by multi-methods based on SolidWorks platform.Its digital model and research model was made by simulate real machine,all of that consist the completion of VP
The affection of filter performance by motion status of stuff was anaiyzed by fix quantity analysis of motion status in different main parameters.The parts motion status in system was got including displacement,speed,acceleration,and the result was output in forms of cartoons,figures,tables and so on,by dynamics and kinematics simulating with CosmosMotion software.All above could be used as main parameter to adjust motion.
The finity model of spring bolt connecting part of grain cleaning machine was set by ANSYS software,where the stress distortion and concentration of bolt connection was found.The material and structure of bolt connection was analyzed to make some advantages of improvement.
The paper tried some constructive ways of agricultural machines used VP by designing a kind of grain cleaning machine,and provided some good references in VP technology in agricultural,at the meantime will improve the development of grain cleaning machine.
本文是在查阅了国内外现有的谷物清选机的基础上,并针对大型粮库谷物进仓前所常用的滚筒式清选机和振动式清选机进行了实地调研,发现了该两类清选机在应用中存在的问题,为谷物清选机的设计与改进打下了基础。
基于SolidWorks软件平台,采用了多种建模方式,构建了谷物清选机的关键部件—振动筛的实体模型。并模拟实际样机构建了谷物清选机的振动筛选部件的数字模型,建立了谷物清选机的研究模型。完成了谷物清选机的虚拟样机设计。
通过定量分析谷物清选机不同运动主参数所对应的物料运动状况,研究了不同物料运动状况对筛选机性能的影响。利用CosmosMotion软件对其筛选机的简化机构进行了动力学和运动学仿真,得到了系统中各零部件的运动情况,包括位移、速度、加速度等,并且以动画、图形、表格等多种形式输出了结果。为设计和调整运动主参数提供依据。
运用ANSYS软件构建了谷物清选机的缓冲弹簧螺栓联结部分的有限元模型,得到了螺栓联结部分的应力变形和应力分布图,找出了应力集中部位。对螺栓联结部分所采用的材料、结构进行了分析,并针对该部分的不足之处提出了改进措施。
本文通过对谷物清选机的虚拟样机的设计与研究,进行了一些有创新和有建设性的尝试,为利用虚拟样机技术研究农业机械提供了有益的参考,同时也必将会促进谷物清选机的改进和发展。
With the development of market globalization,product research speed has to meet the demand of market.The virtual prototype(VP) technology is used to optimize the design,shorten development cycle and save costs in research,which could benefits the company in competition.According to the work requirement of grain cleaning machine,the paper established part of vibration filter of VP based on VP technology,selected TQLZ grain cleaning machine as a prototype.And the key parameters and structure were analyzed and designed to provide a reliable basis for improvement
The paper based on the searching of machines in the world,mainly on roller and vibrate cleaning machine,provided the design and improvement of machine by finding existing problems of the two types.
The real model of key part of grain cleaning machine:vibration filter was constructed by multi-methods based on SolidWorks platform.Its digital model and research model was made by simulate real machine,all of that consist the completion of VP
The affection of filter performance by motion status of stuff was anaiyzed by fix quantity analysis of motion status in different main parameters.The parts motion status in system was got including displacement,speed,acceleration,and the result was output in forms of cartoons,figures,tables and so on,by dynamics and kinematics simulating with CosmosMotion software.All above could be used as main parameter to adjust motion.
The finity model of spring bolt connecting part of grain cleaning machine was set by ANSYS software,where the stress distortion and concentration of bolt connection was found.The material and structure of bolt connection was analyzed to make some advantages of improvement.
The paper tried some constructive ways of agricultural machines used VP by designing a kind of grain cleaning machine,and provided some good references in VP technology in agricultural,at the meantime will improve the development of grain cleaning machine.
引文
[1].胡伟.我国收获机械的结构调整[J].农机市场,2002,(6):22-24.
[2].马继光.国外重力式清选机的发展方向[J].世界农业,2001,(7):32-33.
[3].张金霞.清选机杂草籽清除率合理性测评探究[J].农机质量与监督,2001,(5):28-28.
[4].常立志.国内外种子清选机械的现状及发展趋势[J].农机械化与电气化,1995,(2):25-26.
[5].张金霞.清选机的分类[N].中国质量报,2003-4-2(4).
[6].玄义梅.我国粮食清选分级机械现状及发展[J].农业现代化,1995,(9):35-37.
[7].邓春香.谷物清选机的研究现状和发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2005,(2):5-7.
[8].尚书旗,王方艳.花生收获机械的研究现状与发展趋势[J].农业工程学报,2004,(1):20-25.
[9].刘碧俊.农机制造企业实施CAD系统的要点.农机企业,2002.04:25-27
[10].陆林,李耀明.虚拟样机技术及其在农业机械设计中的应用.中国农机化,2004,04:59-61
[11].李瑞涛,方湄,张文明.虚拟样机技术的概念及应用.机电一体化,2000,05:17-19
[12].黄浩东,陈宗基.虚拟原型技术及控制工程中的虚拟原型机.北京航空航天大学学报,1999,25(03):53-56
[13].王林鸿,庞兴化,张金定.虚拟概念设计系统-概念设计方法的变革.机械设计与制造,1999,04:71-72
[14].Tushar H Dani,Rajit Gadh.Creation of Concept Shape Design via a virtual Reality Interface.Computer Aided Design,1997,29(08):555-563
[15].孙守迁,潘云鹤等.计算机辅助设计概念设计研究现状和发展趋势.中国机械工程,1999,10(06):697-700
[16].Chi-Cheng P Chu,Tushar H Dani,Rajit Gadh.Multisensory user Interface for virtual reality-based computer-aided Design System.Computer Aided Design,1997,29(10):709-729
[17].谢甘第.虚拟现实技术及其在制造业中的应用.机电一体化,2001,05:19-22
[18].David Murray.INSIDE SOLIDWORKS 2003.北京:清华大学出版社,2003,1-523
[19].曾杰,曾东.计算机辅助设计(CAD)在农业机械中的实践与应用.中国农机化.2004,04:32-34
[20]杨国平,刘忠,龙国键等.装载机新型工作装置设计理论的研究[J].机械科学与技术,2002,21(5):692-695.
[21]李勇,曾志新等.虚拟样机技术在小型农用装载机设计中的应用.2004,20(05):134-137
[22]马思群,兆文忠,谢素明等.铁路机车车辆虚拟样机数据协调关键技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2003,9(3):242-247.
[23].邓劲莲.小型甘蔗联合收获机虚拟样机的仿真.农业机械学报,2002,06:47-49
[24].何煜琛,陈涉,陆利锋.SolidWorks2005中文版基础及应用教程.北京:电子工业出版社.2005
[25].黄浩东,王醒华,陈宗基.虚拟原型技术及其在控制系统设计中的应用.系统仿真学报,1998,10(06):34-37
[26].贺兴书.机械振动学.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1989,1-56
[27].朱华里,杨玉民,赵平,王晓曦.振动电机及其在粮食机械中的应用.郑州粮食学院学报,1997,18(02):75-76
[28].薛维华.双振动电机转速同步原理的解析.粮食食品科技.2005,13(02):15
[29].丁应生.直线振动惯性振动筛运动主参数设计.机械设计.2001,10:25-27
[30].阮竞兰,阮少兰,伍毅.振动筛参数对工作效率影响的分析研究.粮食与饲料工业.2001,1:15-17
[31].张中元.提高振动筛处理能力的途径.黄金.2000,7:36-38
[32].COSMOSMotion 2005 User's Guide.Newyork:COSMOSM COMPANY,2005,1-279
[33].叶春华.筛上物的运动分析和K值的确定.石河子农学院学报.2000.09:91-98
[34].张亚欧,谷志飞,宋勇.ANSYS7.0有限元分析使用教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2004:1-22
[35].祝效华,余志祥,ANSYS高级工程有限元分析范例精选.北京:电子工业出版社.2004.383-397
[36].周长峰 孙蓓蓓.橡胶复合弹簧有限元分析.精密制造与自动化.2004,02:25-27
[37].成大先.机械设计手册(联接与紧固).北京:化学工业出版社. 2004.3-76
[38].申建芳.大型振动筛的几点改进.粮食加工.2006.4:52-53
[2].马继光.国外重力式清选机的发展方向[J].世界农业,2001,(7):32-33.
[3].张金霞.清选机杂草籽清除率合理性测评探究[J].农机质量与监督,2001,(5):28-28.
[4].常立志.国内外种子清选机械的现状及发展趋势[J].农机械化与电气化,1995,(2):25-26.
[5].张金霞.清选机的分类[N].中国质量报,2003-4-2(4).
[6].玄义梅.我国粮食清选分级机械现状及发展[J].农业现代化,1995,(9):35-37.
[7].邓春香.谷物清选机的研究现状和发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2005,(2):5-7.
[8].尚书旗,王方艳.花生收获机械的研究现状与发展趋势[J].农业工程学报,2004,(1):20-25.
[9].刘碧俊.农机制造企业实施CAD系统的要点.农机企业,2002.04:25-27
[10].陆林,李耀明.虚拟样机技术及其在农业机械设计中的应用.中国农机化,2004,04:59-61
[11].李瑞涛,方湄,张文明.虚拟样机技术的概念及应用.机电一体化,2000,05:17-19
[12].黄浩东,陈宗基.虚拟原型技术及控制工程中的虚拟原型机.北京航空航天大学学报,1999,25(03):53-56
[13].王林鸿,庞兴化,张金定.虚拟概念设计系统-概念设计方法的变革.机械设计与制造,1999,04:71-72
[14].Tushar H Dani,Rajit Gadh.Creation of Concept Shape Design via a virtual Reality Interface.Computer Aided Design,1997,29(08):555-563
[15].孙守迁,潘云鹤等.计算机辅助设计概念设计研究现状和发展趋势.中国机械工程,1999,10(06):697-700
[16].Chi-Cheng P Chu,Tushar H Dani,Rajit Gadh.Multisensory user Interface for virtual reality-based computer-aided Design System.Computer Aided Design,1997,29(10):709-729
[17].谢甘第.虚拟现实技术及其在制造业中的应用.机电一体化,2001,05:19-22
[18].David Murray.INSIDE SOLIDWORKS 2003.北京:清华大学出版社,2003,1-523
[19].曾杰,曾东.计算机辅助设计(CAD)在农业机械中的实践与应用.中国农机化.2004,04:32-34
[20]杨国平,刘忠,龙国键等.装载机新型工作装置设计理论的研究[J].机械科学与技术,2002,21(5):692-695.
[21]李勇,曾志新等.虚拟样机技术在小型农用装载机设计中的应用.2004,20(05):134-137
[22]马思群,兆文忠,谢素明等.铁路机车车辆虚拟样机数据协调关键技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2003,9(3):242-247.
[23].邓劲莲.小型甘蔗联合收获机虚拟样机的仿真.农业机械学报,2002,06:47-49
[24].何煜琛,陈涉,陆利锋.SolidWorks2005中文版基础及应用教程.北京:电子工业出版社.2005
[25].黄浩东,王醒华,陈宗基.虚拟原型技术及其在控制系统设计中的应用.系统仿真学报,1998,10(06):34-37
[26].贺兴书.机械振动学.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1989,1-56
[27].朱华里,杨玉民,赵平,王晓曦.振动电机及其在粮食机械中的应用.郑州粮食学院学报,1997,18(02):75-76
[28].薛维华.双振动电机转速同步原理的解析.粮食食品科技.2005,13(02):15
[29].丁应生.直线振动惯性振动筛运动主参数设计.机械设计.2001,10:25-27
[30].阮竞兰,阮少兰,伍毅.振动筛参数对工作效率影响的分析研究.粮食与饲料工业.2001,1:15-17
[31].张中元.提高振动筛处理能力的途径.黄金.2000,7:36-38
[32].COSMOSMotion 2005 User's Guide.Newyork:COSMOSM COMPANY,2005,1-279
[33].叶春华.筛上物的运动分析和K值的确定.石河子农学院学报.2000.09:91-98
[34].张亚欧,谷志飞,宋勇.ANSYS7.0有限元分析使用教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2004:1-22
[35].祝效华,余志祥,ANSYS高级工程有限元分析范例精选.北京:电子工业出版社.2004.383-397
[36].周长峰 孙蓓蓓.橡胶复合弹簧有限元分析.精密制造与自动化.2004,02:25-27
[37].成大先.机械设计手册(联接与紧固).北京:化学工业出版社. 2004.3-76
[38].申建芳.大型振动筛的几点改进.粮食加工.2006.4:52-53