吸收式热泵在石化企业中应用研究
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摘要
保护环境和节约能源,已经成为全球性热点问题。如何利用工业生产过程中产生的大量低温余热也越来越受到人们的重视。热泵作为一种利用低温热源的节能装置,用于余热回收和提高能源利用率的意义变得日趋重要。本文针对大庆石化总厂在生产过程中,通过循环水排出大量低温余热的实际情况,研究采用第一类吸收式热泵系统回收循环水排出的低温余热,实现对厂区办公楼供暖。
本文首先对大庆石化总厂循环水和供暖状况作了考察,提出应用热泵技术对现有供暖方式进行改造在经济、技术上均可行。选取初投资、运行费用等重要方面作为评价对象,将压缩式热泵和第一类吸收式热泵供暖方案进行了计算和比较,结果显示采用第一类吸收式热泵机组供暖方案具有投资较小,回收期较短的优点。对比原供暖方案,每年可节约费用138万元。开发了溴化锂吸收式热泵机组的系统设计软件。在溴化锂水溶液物性建模中研究了两种回归方法对溴化锂水溶液结晶曲线回归精度的影响。通过对回水温度、余热水温降、热交换器换热效率对HRH机组热力系数的影响分析,最终确定了HRH机组的运行参数,并分析了在实际运行中余热水温度的波动对机组热力系数及运行安全的影响。
通过对本课题的研究,确立了应用第一类吸收式热泵技术,提取大庆石化总厂低品位循环水(34℃)的热量,供热终端与现有老供热管网相结合,HRH机组最终输出80℃热水的供热方案。建立了一套较为完整的溴化锂热泵系统设计软件,与现场运行比较该软件设计结果可靠,较好地满足了工程实际需要,为以后溴化锂热泵系统设计、不同工况条件下性能测试以及该机组推广应用提供方便。
Environment protection and energy conservation is a popular issue now. And it is becoming a highly valued opinion of how to recovery the low temperature waste heat occurring in industrial process. Heat pump, as an effective energy saving device, is qualified to be employed in saving energy and enhancing energy utilization. Based on the study of large low temperature waste heat occurring in Daqing Petrochemical Plant, The first category absorption Heat Pump system is proposed to recover low temperature waste heat and supply heat in winter for plant office.
Circulating water and heating conditions were first investigated in Daqing Petrochemical Plant, heat pump technology is feasible for old systerm transforming both in economic and technical. Choose initial investment and operating costs, and etc are important evaluation item, Compressed and the First kind absorption heat pump heating program were calculated and compared. The results showed that it is less investment and shorter payback for the First kind pump. Contrast the original heating program, the annual cost savings could be 1.38 million yuan. The software was developed for lithium bromide absorption heat pump system, two regression methods were studied in LiBr-H2O properties model to solve crystallization accuracy of regression curve. Through the backwater temperature, waste heat temperature drops and heat exchanger efficiency were analyzed for the heat transfer coefficient of thermal units HRH, and ultimately determine its operation parameters, and hot water fluctuations,as influence factor for coefficient and safty, was analyzed.
Through the study, the First kind heat pump technology was used to extracted low-grade recycled water (34℃) in the Daqing Petrochemical Plant, heat terminal integrat with the heating pipe network existed, HRH unit would final output 80℃water in the heating program. A relatively complete LiBr heat pump system design software was established, compared with the data in fact, the software better meet the practical needs of the project, which provide convenient for the future LiBr heat pump system design, performance testing in different working conditions, as well as promote the popularized of the unit.
本文首先对大庆石化总厂循环水和供暖状况作了考察,提出应用热泵技术对现有供暖方式进行改造在经济、技术上均可行。选取初投资、运行费用等重要方面作为评价对象,将压缩式热泵和第一类吸收式热泵供暖方案进行了计算和比较,结果显示采用第一类吸收式热泵机组供暖方案具有投资较小,回收期较短的优点。对比原供暖方案,每年可节约费用138万元。开发了溴化锂吸收式热泵机组的系统设计软件。在溴化锂水溶液物性建模中研究了两种回归方法对溴化锂水溶液结晶曲线回归精度的影响。通过对回水温度、余热水温降、热交换器换热效率对HRH机组热力系数的影响分析,最终确定了HRH机组的运行参数,并分析了在实际运行中余热水温度的波动对机组热力系数及运行安全的影响。
通过对本课题的研究,确立了应用第一类吸收式热泵技术,提取大庆石化总厂低品位循环水(34℃)的热量,供热终端与现有老供热管网相结合,HRH机组最终输出80℃热水的供热方案。建立了一套较为完整的溴化锂热泵系统设计软件,与现场运行比较该软件设计结果可靠,较好地满足了工程实际需要,为以后溴化锂热泵系统设计、不同工况条件下性能测试以及该机组推广应用提供方便。
Environment protection and energy conservation is a popular issue now. And it is becoming a highly valued opinion of how to recovery the low temperature waste heat occurring in industrial process. Heat pump, as an effective energy saving device, is qualified to be employed in saving energy and enhancing energy utilization. Based on the study of large low temperature waste heat occurring in Daqing Petrochemical Plant, The first category absorption Heat Pump system is proposed to recover low temperature waste heat and supply heat in winter for plant office.
Circulating water and heating conditions were first investigated in Daqing Petrochemical Plant, heat pump technology is feasible for old systerm transforming both in economic and technical. Choose initial investment and operating costs, and etc are important evaluation item, Compressed and the First kind absorption heat pump heating program were calculated and compared. The results showed that it is less investment and shorter payback for the First kind pump. Contrast the original heating program, the annual cost savings could be 1.38 million yuan. The software was developed for lithium bromide absorption heat pump system, two regression methods were studied in LiBr-H2O properties model to solve crystallization accuracy of regression curve. Through the backwater temperature, waste heat temperature drops and heat exchanger efficiency were analyzed for the heat transfer coefficient of thermal units HRH, and ultimately determine its operation parameters, and hot water fluctuations,as influence factor for coefficient and safty, was analyzed.
Through the study, the First kind heat pump technology was used to extracted low-grade recycled water (34℃) in the Daqing Petrochemical Plant, heat terminal integrat with the heating pipe network existed, HRH unit would final output 80℃water in the heating program. A relatively complete LiBr heat pump system design software was established, compared with the data in fact, the software better meet the practical needs of the project, which provide convenient for the future LiBr heat pump system design, performance testing in different working conditions, as well as promote the popularized of the unit.
引文
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