摘要
远程医疗是利用现代化网络技术、通信技术、多媒体技术以及现代医疗技术,建立不同区域的医疗单位之间、医师和患者之间的联系,完成远程咨询、诊治、教学、学术研究和信息交流,形成医学专家之间及其与患者之间的一种全新的诊疗模式。随着医疗信息化及相关科学技术、学科的发展,远程医疗也成为目前研究的热点之一。但已有远程医疗系统或多或少都由于自身的设计或实现而无法满足实际远程医疗的需要,众多患者、医生甚至医院都呼唤一个新型、符合医疗标准、能实现实时通讯和医疗信息共享并且安全可靠的多方远程会诊系统。此外用于医生诊断的各类医学信息中,医学影像所能提供的信息是比较直观并且信息量很大,同时临床医生也往往需要就图像与诊断医生会诊。因此本文将研究的重点放在远程放射系统上。
当今社会,越来越多的工作要依靠计算机来完成。社会的发展使人们之间的合作更加紧密,人们不满足计算机仅支持单人的工作,而希望计算机能支持多人的协同工作。由此,提出了计算机支持的协同工作(Computer Supported Cooperative Work,简称CSCW)概念,意指在计算机网络中,一群成员合作完成一项任务。
本文在系统分析及研究协同理论与技术的基础上,针对远程医疗系统的特点,研究分析了远程医疗中的协同工作,提出了基于CSCW技术的远程放射系统(JW-Telradiology),以及该系统的实现目标,并且对医学信息资料共享、会诊各方间的协同运行、协作多用户接口以及系统的安全性等相关关键技术进行了分析与设计,最后具体描述了该系统的实现。
Telemedicine, a novel model regarding inter-hospital medical treatment between doctors and patients in different regions, is realized in technology covering modern network, telecommunication, multi-media and medicine. Such a model offers teleconsultation, medical treatment, teaching instructions, academic research and information exchanges among doctors and patients themselves. With the development of medical information as well as other relevant disciplines and technology, telemedicine has become one of the hotspots for research. It should be pointed out that due to its imperfect design, the existing practice of medical treatment for long distance purpose is observed, more or less, unable to fulfil the task to be performed by telemedicine in reality. Thus voices from patients, doctors and even hospitals are heard for a completely new, standard and safer system for long distance consultation among multiple parties capable of performing online communication and of sharing information. Apart from this, among i
nformation of various kinds used by doctors for diagnoses, those provided by medical images are the most informative and objective. Meanwhile, it is the images that clinic doctors need for consultation with doctors in charge of diagnosis. Therefore, the present paper focuses on the system of teleradiology.
Nowadays, more and more work is to be implemented via computer. The social development makes interpersonal cooperation much closer. It is now far from enough for computer to support one individual's job only but the coordination among more than one! It is in this spirit that the idea of CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work) is put forward. The interpretation here goes that a job is done with the cooperation of a group of people in the computer network.
Based on the systematic analysis as well as on the theory and practice of technology, the present paper, while aiming at the characteristics inherent in telemedicine, had a thorough analysis of the coordinating work in
telemedicine and put forward the JW-Teleradiology based on CSCW and the goal that the former is to achieve. Besides, the author has also analyzed and ad hoc designed the key to the relevant technology such as medical information sharing, coordination among consultant parties, the ways of hooking in for multiple-users and the system safety. Finally, the author presented the detailed description germane to the how of the system's realization.
引文
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