GMSK调制解调技术研究
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摘要
在数字通信系统中,全数字接收机已经得到了广泛的应用。利用数字化方法设计通信系统中的调制解调技术是实际应用中的一项重要技术。最小高斯频移键控(GMSK)是一种典型的连续相位调制方式,具有包络恒定、频谱紧凑、抗干扰能力强等特点,可有效降低邻道干扰,提高非线性功率放大器的效率,已在移动通信(如GSM系统)、航天测控等场合得到广泛应用。传统方法设计的GMSK调制解调器不能很好满足全数字化接收机可编程、多模式等需要。
论文重点研究利用全数字化技术设计GMSK调制解调器,以便更广泛地使用GMSK调制解调技术。主要研究工作有:
1.针对传统GMSK调制技术实现中存在的设计复杂、有相位累计误差等不足,基于相关文献思想,设计实现了一种改进的波形存储正交法GMSK调制信号生产方案。该方法不存在传统方法相位累加过程中的累计误差,而且无需滤波器,降低了数字化实现中的器件资源。仿真及FPGA实现结果表明,该方法计算量小、占用资源少,更容易实现高旁瓣抑制度的GMSK信号。
2.研究了GMSK信号的数字化解调技术,针对突发通信系统的需要,对1比特差分解调和2bit差分解调技术进行研究,设计实现了1bit差分解调。计算机仿真和FPGA仿真测试表明,设计方案能正确实现GMSK的解调,误码性能较好。
3.讨论了GMSK参数对系统性能影响。通过仿真对比,研究在收发端BT值的选取准则,对不同调制与解调技术的误码性能进行仿真研究和分析。
4.完成设计方案的FPGA设计,进行FPGA仿真和在线下载验证,结果表明,设计方案可以正确实现GMSK的调制解调。
论文的研究通过理论分析、方案对比、计算机仿真和关键技术FPGA验证的方式进行。研究表明,设计方案可行,经进一步细化和改造后可用于实际通信系统。
In digital communication systems, all-digital receivers become more popular. It has become an important technology that realizes the modulator and demodulator of communication system in digitalization method. Minimum Gaussian frequency shift keying (GMSK) is a typical continuous phase modulation method, which has the characteristics of constant envelope, compact spectrum, and anti-jamming performance. GMSK can effectively reduce inter-channel interference, improve the efficiency of non-linear power amplifier, and has been widely used in mobile communications system (such as GSM system) and others systems. The modulator and demodulator designed in traditional method can not meet the need of programmable, multi-mode for all digital receivers.
The thesis focuses on the study on digitialization of GMSK modem. The main works involved as following:
1. It is complex to design a GMSK moderm in traditional method, and the GMSK moderm has the shortage of accumulated phase error. Base on related literatures, an improved quadrature waveform storage GMSK modulation signal generation method was studied in the thesis. The method does not have the shortage of accumulated phase error in traditional method, needn’t filter and reduce the device resources significantly. Simulation results and FPGA realization results show that the method has the advantages of small computation, less resources and easy to realize high sidelobe suppressed GMSK signal.
2. The demodaltion technologies in digitalization method is studied. To fit the need of burst communication systems, 1-bit and 2-bit differential demodulation method were studied. A 1-bit demodulator is designed and released. Simulation results and FPGA realization results show that scheme designed can demodulate GMSK signal effectively and archieve good BER performance.
3. The effect of various GMSK parameters for system transmission performance is studied. Through simulation comparision, selection criteria for parameter BT and BER performance for various modu-demodu scheme were studied.
4. The designed GMSK scheme has been realized in FPGA chips. Simulations and online verification results show that designed scheme work well. The study of the thesis is carried out by the method of theoretical analysis, scheme comparisons, simulations and FPGA verifications. Results shows that the scheme designed is feasible anc can be adopted in practice system after futher optimization.
论文重点研究利用全数字化技术设计GMSK调制解调器,以便更广泛地使用GMSK调制解调技术。主要研究工作有:
1.针对传统GMSK调制技术实现中存在的设计复杂、有相位累计误差等不足,基于相关文献思想,设计实现了一种改进的波形存储正交法GMSK调制信号生产方案。该方法不存在传统方法相位累加过程中的累计误差,而且无需滤波器,降低了数字化实现中的器件资源。仿真及FPGA实现结果表明,该方法计算量小、占用资源少,更容易实现高旁瓣抑制度的GMSK信号。
2.研究了GMSK信号的数字化解调技术,针对突发通信系统的需要,对1比特差分解调和2bit差分解调技术进行研究,设计实现了1bit差分解调。计算机仿真和FPGA仿真测试表明,设计方案能正确实现GMSK的解调,误码性能较好。
3.讨论了GMSK参数对系统性能影响。通过仿真对比,研究在收发端BT值的选取准则,对不同调制与解调技术的误码性能进行仿真研究和分析。
4.完成设计方案的FPGA设计,进行FPGA仿真和在线下载验证,结果表明,设计方案可以正确实现GMSK的调制解调。
论文的研究通过理论分析、方案对比、计算机仿真和关键技术FPGA验证的方式进行。研究表明,设计方案可行,经进一步细化和改造后可用于实际通信系统。
In digital communication systems, all-digital receivers become more popular. It has become an important technology that realizes the modulator and demodulator of communication system in digitalization method. Minimum Gaussian frequency shift keying (GMSK) is a typical continuous phase modulation method, which has the characteristics of constant envelope, compact spectrum, and anti-jamming performance. GMSK can effectively reduce inter-channel interference, improve the efficiency of non-linear power amplifier, and has been widely used in mobile communications system (such as GSM system) and others systems. The modulator and demodulator designed in traditional method can not meet the need of programmable, multi-mode for all digital receivers.
The thesis focuses on the study on digitialization of GMSK modem. The main works involved as following:
1. It is complex to design a GMSK moderm in traditional method, and the GMSK moderm has the shortage of accumulated phase error. Base on related literatures, an improved quadrature waveform storage GMSK modulation signal generation method was studied in the thesis. The method does not have the shortage of accumulated phase error in traditional method, needn’t filter and reduce the device resources significantly. Simulation results and FPGA realization results show that the method has the advantages of small computation, less resources and easy to realize high sidelobe suppressed GMSK signal.
2. The demodaltion technologies in digitalization method is studied. To fit the need of burst communication systems, 1-bit and 2-bit differential demodulation method were studied. A 1-bit demodulator is designed and released. Simulation results and FPGA realization results show that scheme designed can demodulate GMSK signal effectively and archieve good BER performance.
3. The effect of various GMSK parameters for system transmission performance is studied. Through simulation comparision, selection criteria for parameter BT and BER performance for various modu-demodu scheme were studied.
4. The designed GMSK scheme has been realized in FPGA chips. Simulations and online verification results show that designed scheme work well. The study of the thesis is carried out by the method of theoretical analysis, scheme comparisons, simulations and FPGA verifications. Results shows that the scheme designed is feasible anc can be adopted in practice system after futher optimization.
引文
[1] 冷爱国.软件无线电技术的调制解调算法研究.电子科技大学.电路与系统.硕士学位论 文,2005
[2] 杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电原理与应用.电子工业出版社,2001.1.PP.189-195
[3] 单亚娴,王华,匡镜明.一种基于软件无线电的通用调制器的设计和实现.通讯与电视第 二期.PP.17-19.
[4] 王福昌,熊兆飞,黄本熊.通信原理.清华大学出版社,2006.3.
[5] 樊昌信等.通信原理(第二版) .国防工业出版社,2001
[6] 曾繁泰,侯亚宁,崔元明.可编程器件应用导论.清华大学出版社,2001.9.
[7] 肖妍妍. GMSK、SPSK调制算法研究及ASIC实现.电子科技大学.电路与系统.硕士学位论文,2002.3
[8] 郭梯云.数据传输(修订版).通信工程丛书.人民邮电出版社,1998.10.
[9] 吴迪.GMSK解调理论的研究和无线调制解调器的设计.东北大学:控制理论与控制工程系.硕士学位论文,2001.6.1
[10] 侯伯亨,顾新.VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计.西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.4
[11] 李国纲.软件无线电中几种调制解调算法的研究.浙江大学:通信与信息系统系.硕士学位论文,2003.2.1
[12] 仇佩亮,陈惠芳,谢磊著.数字通信基础.电子工业出版社,2007年
[13] 唐金花.GMSK调制的数字化实现.金华职业技术学院学报,Vo1.6 Vo.7 2006.9
[14] PIERRE A.LAURENT, Exact and Approximate Construction of Digital Phase Modulations by Superposition of Amplitude Modulated Pulse (AMP). IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS ,VOL.COM-34 ,N0.2 ;FEBRUARY 1986.
[15] 阎胜玉. 直接序烈扩频通信系统的数字化接收技术研究.大庆石油学院:电力电子与电力传动. 硕士学位论文,2003.3
[16] 娄莉.GMSK数字调制的仿真与分析.现代电子技术, 1994.1 ,Vol.12 ( No.4 ) ,PP.11-13.
[17] 刘敏.基于软件无线电的pi/4-QPSK与GMSK调制系统实现.南京航空航天大学:通信与信息系统.硕士学位论文,2004.1
[18] 王秉钧,王少勇,王彦杰.通信原理基本教程.北京邮电大学出版社,2006.1
[19] Y.C.Wu and T.S.Ng, “New implementation of a GMSK demodulator in linear software radio receiver” in Proc.IEEE PIMRC 2000,Sep.2000,pp.1049-1053
[20] 王士林,陆存乐,现代数字调制技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1987
[21] 王立宁. MATLAB与通信仿真.人民邮电出版社,2000.1
[22] Minjian zhao, Mengtao yuan, Student Member. IEEE etc . A Nocoherent GMSK Receiver for Software Radio,2002
[23] 马彧等.CPLD/FPGA 可编程逻辑器件实用教程.机械工业出版社,2006.6
[24] 曹志刚,钱亚生.通信原理[M].清华大学出版社,2001.9.
[25] 蔡涛,宋俊德,王海.基于软件无线电技术的第三代移动通信系统结构,www.cetinet.cn
[26] 梁兵.适用于数字蜂窝移动通信系统的几种数字调制技术.微波与卫星通信,1994.1
[27] 李丽,王振领.MATLAB工程计算及应用.人民邮电出版社,2004.7
[28] A. Wieslter, etc. Comparison of GMSK and linear approximated GMSK for use in Software Radio,199$ IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, 1998. Proceedings,557_ 560 vo1.2.
[29] Peter Jung, Laurent's Representation of Binary Digital Continuous Phase Modulated Signals with Modulation Indes 1/2 Revisited, IEEETRANSACTIONS ON COMMUI JICATIONS,VOL.42,N0.2/3/4,1994.
[30] Tarokh,V,Jafarkhani,H,A differential detection scheme for transmit diversity,Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on Communications, Volume: 18,Issue
[31] 刘琦.无线接收机中的扩频序列同步的数字化实现.哈尔滨工程大学:通信与信息系统. 硕士学位论文,2002.6
[32] Linz A, Hendrickson A. Efficient implementation of an I-Q GMSK modulator [J]. Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, 1996, 43(1): 14-23.
[33] 袁梦涛.软件无线电中的数字信号处理及参数估计.浙江大学:信息与通信系统系.硕士学位论文,2002.1.1
[34] 雷霞.软件无线电算法研究—前向结构解调算法.电子科技大学:硕士学位论文,1999.12.1
[35] 张健.软件无线电的基本构架.电子科技大学:信息与通信工程.博士后研究报告,2000.10
[36] Yung-Liang Huang, , Kong-Dar Fan, Student Member, IEEE, and Chia-Chi Huang .“A Fully Digital Noncoherent and Coherent GMSK Receiver Architecture with Joint Symbol Timing Error and Frequency Offset Estimation” in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 49, NO. 3, MAY 2000
[37] Pasadena. MAP- and Laurent-AMP-Based Carrier Synchronization in GMSK. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California,2000.3
[38] L. Li1 and M. K. Simon1 Performance of Coded Offset Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (OQPSK) and MIL-STD Shaped OQPSK (SOQPSK) with Iterative Decoding. IPN Progress Report 42-156. February 15, 2004
[39] 谢印庆. 软件无线电中GMSK与QPSK调制解调及其TMS320C6711 DSP实现的研究.太原理工大学.信号与信息处理.硕士学位论文,2006.4
[2] 杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电原理与应用.电子工业出版社,2001.1.PP.189-195
[3] 单亚娴,王华,匡镜明.一种基于软件无线电的通用调制器的设计和实现.通讯与电视第 二期.PP.17-19.
[4] 王福昌,熊兆飞,黄本熊.通信原理.清华大学出版社,2006.3.
[5] 樊昌信等.通信原理(第二版) .国防工业出版社,2001
[6] 曾繁泰,侯亚宁,崔元明.可编程器件应用导论.清华大学出版社,2001.9.
[7] 肖妍妍. GMSK、SPSK调制算法研究及ASIC实现.电子科技大学.电路与系统.硕士学位论文,2002.3
[8] 郭梯云.数据传输(修订版).通信工程丛书.人民邮电出版社,1998.10.
[9] 吴迪.GMSK解调理论的研究和无线调制解调器的设计.东北大学:控制理论与控制工程系.硕士学位论文,2001.6.1
[10] 侯伯亨,顾新.VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计.西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.4
[11] 李国纲.软件无线电中几种调制解调算法的研究.浙江大学:通信与信息系统系.硕士学位论文,2003.2.1
[12] 仇佩亮,陈惠芳,谢磊著.数字通信基础.电子工业出版社,2007年
[13] 唐金花.GMSK调制的数字化实现.金华职业技术学院学报,Vo1.6 Vo.7 2006.9
[14] PIERRE A.LAURENT, Exact and Approximate Construction of Digital Phase Modulations by Superposition of Amplitude Modulated Pulse (AMP). IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS ,VOL.COM-34 ,N0.2 ;FEBRUARY 1986.
[15] 阎胜玉. 直接序烈扩频通信系统的数字化接收技术研究.大庆石油学院:电力电子与电力传动. 硕士学位论文,2003.3
[16] 娄莉.GMSK数字调制的仿真与分析.现代电子技术, 1994.1 ,Vol.12 ( No.4 ) ,PP.11-13.
[17] 刘敏.基于软件无线电的pi/4-QPSK与GMSK调制系统实现.南京航空航天大学:通信与信息系统.硕士学位论文,2004.1
[18] 王秉钧,王少勇,王彦杰.通信原理基本教程.北京邮电大学出版社,2006.1
[19] Y.C.Wu and T.S.Ng, “New implementation of a GMSK demodulator in linear software radio receiver” in Proc.IEEE PIMRC 2000,Sep.2000,pp.1049-1053
[20] 王士林,陆存乐,现代数字调制技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1987
[21] 王立宁. MATLAB与通信仿真.人民邮电出版社,2000.1
[22] Minjian zhao, Mengtao yuan, Student Member. IEEE etc . A Nocoherent GMSK Receiver for Software Radio,2002
[23] 马彧等.CPLD/FPGA 可编程逻辑器件实用教程.机械工业出版社,2006.6
[24] 曹志刚,钱亚生.通信原理[M].清华大学出版社,2001.9.
[25] 蔡涛,宋俊德,王海.基于软件无线电技术的第三代移动通信系统结构,www.cetinet.cn
[26] 梁兵.适用于数字蜂窝移动通信系统的几种数字调制技术.微波与卫星通信,1994.1
[27] 李丽,王振领.MATLAB工程计算及应用.人民邮电出版社,2004.7
[28] A. Wieslter, etc. Comparison of GMSK and linear approximated GMSK for use in Software Radio,199$ IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, 1998. Proceedings,557_ 560 vo1.2.
[29] Peter Jung, Laurent's Representation of Binary Digital Continuous Phase Modulated Signals with Modulation Indes 1/2 Revisited, IEEETRANSACTIONS ON COMMUI JICATIONS,VOL.42,N0.2/3/4,1994.
[30] Tarokh,V,Jafarkhani,H,A differential detection scheme for transmit diversity,Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on Communications, Volume: 18,Issue
[31] 刘琦.无线接收机中的扩频序列同步的数字化实现.哈尔滨工程大学:通信与信息系统. 硕士学位论文,2002.6
[32] Linz A, Hendrickson A. Efficient implementation of an I-Q GMSK modulator [J]. Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, 1996, 43(1): 14-23.
[33] 袁梦涛.软件无线电中的数字信号处理及参数估计.浙江大学:信息与通信系统系.硕士学位论文,2002.1.1
[34] 雷霞.软件无线电算法研究—前向结构解调算法.电子科技大学:硕士学位论文,1999.12.1
[35] 张健.软件无线电的基本构架.电子科技大学:信息与通信工程.博士后研究报告,2000.10
[36] Yung-Liang Huang, , Kong-Dar Fan, Student Member, IEEE, and Chia-Chi Huang .“A Fully Digital Noncoherent and Coherent GMSK Receiver Architecture with Joint Symbol Timing Error and Frequency Offset Estimation” in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 49, NO. 3, MAY 2000
[37] Pasadena. MAP- and Laurent-AMP-Based Carrier Synchronization in GMSK. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California,2000.3
[38] L. Li1 and M. K. Simon1 Performance of Coded Offset Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (OQPSK) and MIL-STD Shaped OQPSK (SOQPSK) with Iterative Decoding. IPN Progress Report 42-156. February 15, 2004
[39] 谢印庆. 软件无线电中GMSK与QPSK调制解调及其TMS320C6711 DSP实现的研究.太原理工大学.信号与信息处理.硕士学位论文,2006.4