钢桁梁整体式多点连续顶推施工监控研究
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摘要
青尼罗河大桥位于埃塞俄比亚西部的贝尼尚古尔-古穆兹区(Benishangul-Gumuz),横跨青尼罗河(Blue Nile River),是连接阿索萨(Assosa)和古巴(Guba)的公路桥梁。青尼罗河大桥的建成,极大地改善了当地的交通现状,具有重要的社会意义。
本文以青尼罗河大桥主体钢桥施工为工程背景,采用大型空间有限元分析计算软件,对主桥钢桁梁顶推施工全过程中钢桁梁、永久墩、临时墩及其他临时结构进行仿真模拟计算,展开受力分析,得出施工过程中监控所需的数据和参数来指导施工。在钢桁梁主梁顶推过程中,采用HY65数码应变监控系统、全站仪、经纬仪、精密水准仪等设备对钢桁梁的应力、挠度及轴线偏位,永久墩及临时墩的纵向偏移量等重要施工参数进行了实时监控。根据监控所得的数据修正完善结构计算模型中的相关参数,并进行施工过程中的监控复核计算,反馈指导施工监控工作。本文所涵盖的主要工作内容为：
1.采用大型空间有限元分析计算软件对该桥进行施工过程建模研究：钢桁梁杆件采用框架梁单元模拟,对钢桁梁的自重进行修正,使理论计算荷载与实际荷载一致。采用有限元方法模拟施工全过程,对顶推过程中可能出现的危险工况进行详细分析。
2.根据顶推施工的计算结果,采用数码应变计、全站仪和精密水准仪等设备对施工过程中结构的应变、位移、轴线偏移和温度等参数进行现场的实时跟踪测量。
3.分析各施工阶段中主梁内力和变形与理论计算值的差异并找出原因,提出修正对策。
Blue Nile River Bridge is located in Benishangul-Gumuz District of western Ethiopia, and cross-over Blue Nile River, it's a highway bridge links Assosa and Guba. After the completion of Blue Nile River Bridge, the local transportation conditions will be greatly improved, and it has very important social significance.
Taking the construction of steel truss of Blue Nile River Bridge as its engineering background, this thesis uses large space finite element software to build the model and calculate the steel truss, permanent pier, temporary pier and other temporary structures during launching process, after stress analysis, we get the dates and parameters for construction monitoring and guiding the construction. During the launching process of steel truss, use HY65 digital strain monitoring system, total station, transit instrument, precision level instrument and other instruments to observe the important construction parameters such as strains, displacements, and axis deviations of steel truss, and longitudinal displacements of permanent piers and temporary piers. According to the monitoring dates to correct the relational par(?)(?)ters of structure computation model, and carry out the monitoring recheck results during the launching process to guide the construction monitoring. The major works completed in this thesis and the main conclusions are as following:
1. Research of using large space finite element software to build the model and calculate the steel truss bridge during launching process. Use frame elements to simulate the elements of steel truss bridge, and correct the self weight of steel truss bridge, make sure the theoretical calculation load and the actual load are the same. Use the finite element method to simulate the launching process, and do the detail analysis of every dangerous cases will happen during launching process.
2. Based on the computation results of launching construction, use digital strain gauge, total station, precision level etc. instruments to observe the parameters such as strains, displacements, and axis deviations of structures and temperature during the launching process.
3. Analyze the stress and displacements of steel truss under different load cases, get the difference with theoretical calculation results, and find the reason and the correct methods.
本文以青尼罗河大桥主体钢桥施工为工程背景,采用大型空间有限元分析计算软件,对主桥钢桁梁顶推施工全过程中钢桁梁、永久墩、临时墩及其他临时结构进行仿真模拟计算,展开受力分析,得出施工过程中监控所需的数据和参数来指导施工。在钢桁梁主梁顶推过程中,采用HY65数码应变监控系统、全站仪、经纬仪、精密水准仪等设备对钢桁梁的应力、挠度及轴线偏位,永久墩及临时墩的纵向偏移量等重要施工参数进行了实时监控。根据监控所得的数据修正完善结构计算模型中的相关参数,并进行施工过程中的监控复核计算,反馈指导施工监控工作。本文所涵盖的主要工作内容为：
1.采用大型空间有限元分析计算软件对该桥进行施工过程建模研究：钢桁梁杆件采用框架梁单元模拟,对钢桁梁的自重进行修正,使理论计算荷载与实际荷载一致。采用有限元方法模拟施工全过程,对顶推过程中可能出现的危险工况进行详细分析。
2.根据顶推施工的计算结果,采用数码应变计、全站仪和精密水准仪等设备对施工过程中结构的应变、位移、轴线偏移和温度等参数进行现场的实时跟踪测量。
3.分析各施工阶段中主梁内力和变形与理论计算值的差异并找出原因,提出修正对策。
Blue Nile River Bridge is located in Benishangul-Gumuz District of western Ethiopia, and cross-over Blue Nile River, it's a highway bridge links Assosa and Guba. After the completion of Blue Nile River Bridge, the local transportation conditions will be greatly improved, and it has very important social significance.
Taking the construction of steel truss of Blue Nile River Bridge as its engineering background, this thesis uses large space finite element software to build the model and calculate the steel truss, permanent pier, temporary pier and other temporary structures during launching process, after stress analysis, we get the dates and parameters for construction monitoring and guiding the construction. During the launching process of steel truss, use HY65 digital strain monitoring system, total station, transit instrument, precision level instrument and other instruments to observe the important construction parameters such as strains, displacements, and axis deviations of steel truss, and longitudinal displacements of permanent piers and temporary piers. According to the monitoring dates to correct the relational par(?)(?)ters of structure computation model, and carry out the monitoring recheck results during the launching process to guide the construction monitoring. The major works completed in this thesis and the main conclusions are as following:
1. Research of using large space finite element software to build the model and calculate the steel truss bridge during launching process. Use frame elements to simulate the elements of steel truss bridge, and correct the self weight of steel truss bridge, make sure the theoretical calculation load and the actual load are the same. Use the finite element method to simulate the launching process, and do the detail analysis of every dangerous cases will happen during launching process.
2. Based on the computation results of launching construction, use digital strain gauge, total station, precision level etc. instruments to observe the parameters such as strains, displacements, and axis deviations of structures and temperature during the launching process.
3. Analyze the stress and displacements of steel truss under different load cases, get the difference with theoretical calculation results, and find the reason and the correct methods.
引文
[1]吴冲.现代钢桥(上册)[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2006
[2]吴冲.现代钢桥(上册)[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2006
[3]纵向拖拉法http://baike.baidu.com/view/1205074.htm
[4]张晓东.桥梁施工技术.公路,2003,(9),45-51
[5]http://baike.baidu.com/view/148694.htm
[6]Skeet, James A., Lester, W. B., McClary, Calvm T.. Incremental launch:The Stoney Trail bridge. Concrete International, February 2006. v20, n2, P53-57
[7]Wang, Wei-Feng., Lin, Jun·Feng., Ma, Wen-Tian.. Optimum analysis of launching nose during incremental launching construction of bridge. Gongcheng Lixue/Engineering Mechanics, February 2007, v24, n2, P132.138
[8]Sasmal, Saptarshi., Ramanjaneyulu, K.. Transfer matrix method for construction phase analysis of incrementally launched prestressed concrete bridges. Engineering Structures, November 2006, v28, n13, p1897-1910
[9]Reinbeck, Uwe.. Transactions of the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand. Civil Engineering Section, July 2006, V12, n2, p57-64
[10]Wang, Wei-Feng., Lin, Jun—Feng., Ma, Wen·Tian.. Effect of location of temporary pier in incremental launching construction on manufacture error of girder. Huanan Ligong Daxue Xuebao/JOurnal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science), September 2006, v34, n9, p76-79+89
[11]Favre, Renaud.,Badoux,Marc., Burdet,Olivier., Laurencet, Pierre..Incremental launching of the Ile Falcon Bridge. Concrete International, February 2005, v21, n2, p46-51
[12]龚志刚.顶推重量9000t得墨西哥恰帕斯连续钢箱梁桥.编译自Bridge De Sign&Eng ineering,2004, (1),7
[13]龚志刚,刘海燕编译.墩高245m的法国米约多塔斜拉桥.世界桥梁,2004,(2)
[14]龚志刚,刘海燕.世界最高墩桥——法国米约多塔斜拉桥斜拉桥.编译自Engineering News-Record,2004, (3):24-29. Bridge Design&Engineering,2003, (2):28-35
[15]李传习,邹桂生.法国米约高架桥7塔斜拉桥的设计与施工.桥梁建设,2005,(4),18-20
[16]上官兴.连续梁桥顶推新构思.东北公路,1994,(4),71-82
[17]上官兴,郭圣栋,周湘政.中国桥梁顶推技术新发展.第十三届海峡两岸都市交通学术研讨会都市区及区域交通现代化,2005年
[18]赵如东.连续梁顶推技术的新发展.水运工程,2004,(3),130-133
[19]汤俊生.PC梁项推技术的回顾与展望.桥梁建设,1996,(1),11-14
[20]刘家沟大桥连续顶推新工艺试验成功.桥梁建设,1993,04
[21]刘建龙.哈尔滨尚志大桥连续钢箱梁项推设计与施工技术.中南公路工程,2005,30(1),110-112
[22]涂满明.洪山庙大桥钢梁顶推施工技术.铁道建筑,2003,(6),13-15
[23]陈永宏.平胜大桥自锚式悬索桥钢箱梁顶推施工.桥梁建设,2006,增刊1:33-35.
[24]李传习,刘杰,董创文,刘建.平胜大桥斜交顶推中临时墩的受力分析.桥梁建设,2006,(1),36-39.
[25]刘杰.大跨度钢箱梁斜交顶推结构受力特性与施工控制技术研究：[长沙理工大学硕士论文],长沙：长沙理工大学桥梁与结构工程学院,2006
[26]刘建.连续钢桁梁斜拉桥施工监控研究：[郑州大学硕士论文],郑州：郑州大学土木工程学院,2010
[27]http://www.csnec.cn/ncontent.asp?id=10646中交二航局第二工程有限公司.2009.4.17
[28]Marzouk, Mohamed., E1-Dein, Hisham Zein., El-Said, Moheeb.. Application of computer simulation to construction of incremental launching bridges. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, March 2007, v13, n1, p27-36
[29]Zellner, Wilhelm., Svensson, Holger.. INCREMENTAL LAUNCHING OF STRUCTURES. Journal of Structural Engineering, February 2005, v109, n2, p520-537
[30]Ramsay,B.. INCREMENTAL LAUNCHING METHOD IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION. Concrete International, February 2005, v2, n2, p36-39
[31]Halasz, I., Reviczky, J.. Measurement and control of the reaction forces of a reinforced concrete box girder bridge constructed by incremental launching. Civil Engineering,1992, v36, n3, p283-289
[32]Buckby'Roger., Phillips, David., Essam, Mark., Sahabandu, Ruwan.. The construction of the New Rewa River Bridge, Nausori. Fiji. Structural Engineer, May 15,2007, v85, n10, p24-31
[33]杜越.曲线桥梁顶推技术.桥梁,2006,(12),46-48
[34]董启军.跨铁路连续钢箱梁顶推施工.哈尔滨铁道科技,2005,(4),35-37
[35]董启军.连续钢箱梁顶推施工.施工技术,2005,(05),20-22
[36]赵志平.桥梁顶推施工的精度探讨.桥梁建设,1994,(02),70-73
[37]马如岭.跨铁路线78m钢桁梁顶推施工.铁道建筑,2006,(02),15-6
[38]唐杰林.桥梁顶推施工时滑道与滑板的改进方案.湖南交通科技,2004,(09),86-88
[39]韦勇生,唐建国,谢永红等.万州大桥钢管桁架自动连续顶推施工技术.桥梁建设,2000,(03),30-35
[40]陈继光.顶推法施工关键工艺改进.桥隧机械&施工技术,2007,61-66
[41]颜全胜,王卫锋,邹小江.顶推法施工过程仿真分析软件的研制.世界桥梁,2003,(03),66-69
[42]杨义东,胡定成.俄罗斯的顶推架设钢桥技术.国外桥梁,1997,(02),59-61
[43]黄绍金,刘陌生.装配式钢桥多用途手册[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001
[44]夏志斌,潘有昌.结构稳定理论[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1989.
[45]JTGD62-2004公路钢筋混凝上及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.
[46]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001
[2]吴冲.现代钢桥(上册)[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2006
[3]纵向拖拉法http://baike.baidu.com/view/1205074.htm
[4]张晓东.桥梁施工技术.公路,2003,(9),45-51
[5]http://baike.baidu.com/view/148694.htm
[6]Skeet, James A., Lester, W. B., McClary, Calvm T.. Incremental launch:The Stoney Trail bridge. Concrete International, February 2006. v20, n2, P53-57
[7]Wang, Wei-Feng., Lin, Jun·Feng., Ma, Wen-Tian.. Optimum analysis of launching nose during incremental launching construction of bridge. Gongcheng Lixue/Engineering Mechanics, February 2007, v24, n2, P132.138
[8]Sasmal, Saptarshi., Ramanjaneyulu, K.. Transfer matrix method for construction phase analysis of incrementally launched prestressed concrete bridges. Engineering Structures, November 2006, v28, n13, p1897-1910
[9]Reinbeck, Uwe.. Transactions of the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand. Civil Engineering Section, July 2006, V12, n2, p57-64
[10]Wang, Wei-Feng., Lin, Jun—Feng., Ma, Wen·Tian.. Effect of location of temporary pier in incremental launching construction on manufacture error of girder. Huanan Ligong Daxue Xuebao/JOurnal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science), September 2006, v34, n9, p76-79+89
[11]Favre, Renaud.,Badoux,Marc., Burdet,Olivier., Laurencet, Pierre..Incremental launching of the Ile Falcon Bridge. Concrete International, February 2005, v21, n2, p46-51
[12]龚志刚.顶推重量9000t得墨西哥恰帕斯连续钢箱梁桥.编译自Bridge De Sign&Eng ineering,2004, (1),7
[13]龚志刚,刘海燕编译.墩高245m的法国米约多塔斜拉桥.世界桥梁,2004,(2)
[14]龚志刚,刘海燕.世界最高墩桥——法国米约多塔斜拉桥斜拉桥.编译自Engineering News-Record,2004, (3):24-29. Bridge Design&Engineering,2003, (2):28-35
[15]李传习,邹桂生.法国米约高架桥7塔斜拉桥的设计与施工.桥梁建设,2005,(4),18-20
[16]上官兴.连续梁桥顶推新构思.东北公路,1994,(4),71-82
[17]上官兴,郭圣栋,周湘政.中国桥梁顶推技术新发展.第十三届海峡两岸都市交通学术研讨会都市区及区域交通现代化,2005年
[18]赵如东.连续梁顶推技术的新发展.水运工程,2004,(3),130-133
[19]汤俊生.PC梁项推技术的回顾与展望.桥梁建设,1996,(1),11-14
[20]刘家沟大桥连续顶推新工艺试验成功.桥梁建设,1993,04
[21]刘建龙.哈尔滨尚志大桥连续钢箱梁项推设计与施工技术.中南公路工程,2005,30(1),110-112
[22]涂满明.洪山庙大桥钢梁顶推施工技术.铁道建筑,2003,(6),13-15
[23]陈永宏.平胜大桥自锚式悬索桥钢箱梁顶推施工.桥梁建设,2006,增刊1:33-35.
[24]李传习,刘杰,董创文,刘建.平胜大桥斜交顶推中临时墩的受力分析.桥梁建设,2006,(1),36-39.
[25]刘杰.大跨度钢箱梁斜交顶推结构受力特性与施工控制技术研究：[长沙理工大学硕士论文],长沙：长沙理工大学桥梁与结构工程学院,2006
[26]刘建.连续钢桁梁斜拉桥施工监控研究：[郑州大学硕士论文],郑州：郑州大学土木工程学院,2010
[27]http://www.csnec.cn/ncontent.asp?id=10646中交二航局第二工程有限公司.2009.4.17
[28]Marzouk, Mohamed., E1-Dein, Hisham Zein., El-Said, Moheeb.. Application of computer simulation to construction of incremental launching bridges. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, March 2007, v13, n1, p27-36
[29]Zellner, Wilhelm., Svensson, Holger.. INCREMENTAL LAUNCHING OF STRUCTURES. Journal of Structural Engineering, February 2005, v109, n2, p520-537
[30]Ramsay,B.. INCREMENTAL LAUNCHING METHOD IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION. Concrete International, February 2005, v2, n2, p36-39
[31]Halasz, I., Reviczky, J.. Measurement and control of the reaction forces of a reinforced concrete box girder bridge constructed by incremental launching. Civil Engineering,1992, v36, n3, p283-289
[32]Buckby'Roger., Phillips, David., Essam, Mark., Sahabandu, Ruwan.. The construction of the New Rewa River Bridge, Nausori. Fiji. Structural Engineer, May 15,2007, v85, n10, p24-31
[33]杜越.曲线桥梁顶推技术.桥梁,2006,(12),46-48
[34]董启军.跨铁路连续钢箱梁顶推施工.哈尔滨铁道科技,2005,(4),35-37
[35]董启军.连续钢箱梁顶推施工.施工技术,2005,(05),20-22
[36]赵志平.桥梁顶推施工的精度探讨.桥梁建设,1994,(02),70-73
[37]马如岭.跨铁路线78m钢桁梁顶推施工.铁道建筑,2006,(02),15-6
[38]唐杰林.桥梁顶推施工时滑道与滑板的改进方案.湖南交通科技,2004,(09),86-88
[39]韦勇生,唐建国,谢永红等.万州大桥钢管桁架自动连续顶推施工技术.桥梁建设,2000,(03),30-35
[40]陈继光.顶推法施工关键工艺改进.桥隧机械&施工技术,2007,61-66
[41]颜全胜,王卫锋,邹小江.顶推法施工过程仿真分析软件的研制.世界桥梁,2003,(03),66-69
[42]杨义东,胡定成.俄罗斯的顶推架设钢桥技术.国外桥梁,1997,(02),59-61
[43]黄绍金,刘陌生.装配式钢桥多用途手册[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001
[44]夏志斌,潘有昌.结构稳定理论[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1989.
[45]JTGD62-2004公路钢筋混凝上及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.
[46]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2001