纤溶酶产生菌的发酵条件优化及酶学性质初探
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
血栓性疾病是目前临床上死亡率最高的疾病之一,寻找高效、安全的溶血栓药物一直是世界医药行业关注的热点。溶栓疗法是这类疾病重要的治疗方法之一,由于现用溶栓药物或多或少都存在一些缺陷,因此人们一直都在研制开发新型的溶血栓药物。
     本实验采用自行设计的筛选方法,从土壤中筛选分离到两株具有产高活性纤溶酶的优势菌株HFZ-1A和HFZ-2D,系统的优化了两菌株产纤溶酶的液体发酵条件(培养基、接种量、菌龄、pH、溶氧量、营养、时间、摇床转速等),确定了最适液态发酵条件,对发酵液进行了初步的分离提纯,得到了粗酶M-1A和M-2D,初步研究了两种酶的酶学性质,纤溶作用方式和体外溶栓效果,并做了小白鼠灌胃M-1A和M-2D新鲜酶液的急性毒性试验。为进一步进行体内溶栓实验,开发成为新型溶栓类药物提供了有用的参数。
     1.利用单因素实验和正交分析方法相结合,对HFZ-1A、HFZ-2D两菌株产纤溶酶液体发酵条件进行了优化,得出如下结果:
     (1) HFZ-1A菌株最佳产酶条件为:在基础液体发酵培养基中添加可溶性淀粉4%,蛋白胨2%,柠檬酸铁铵0.1%,磷酸钙0.4%,十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)0.1%,接种量2%,pH7.5,发酵时间96h,装瓶量75/500(mL/mL),摇床温度37℃,转速150r/min。在该条件下所得的初级粗酶液10μL点种于纤维蛋白平板上37℃培养16h,最大溶圈面积可达583.71mm~2,根据标准曲线转换为尿激酶酶活最大酶活力可达581.81IU/mL。
     (2) HFZ-2D菌株最佳产酶条件为:在基础液体发酵培养基中添加可溶性淀粉2%,尿素2%,柠檬酸铁铵0.4%,KH_2PO_40.1%,聚乙二醇(PEG)0.1%,接种量4%,pH7.5,发酵时间72h,装瓶量100/500(mL/mL),摇床温度32℃,转速180r/min。在该条件下所得的初级粗酶液10μL点种于纤维蛋白平板上37℃培养16h,最大溶圈面积可达685.43mm~2,根据标准曲线转换为尿激酶酶活最大酶活力可达693.97IU/mL。
     (3) 以上两菌株产酶活力与国内外同类研究相比,纤溶活性是比较高的。其中菌株FHZ-1A在其生长过程中产生橙红色色素,在国内外已报道的纤溶酶高产菌株中尚未见有产色素菌株的报道。
Thrombus is a kind of disease which leads to tip top death rate in clinic for the moment. Scientists of medicine vocation are always paying attention to searching of deliquescent thrombus medicament in the world. And people have been developing the novel medicine to this day.
    The experiment had screened two superiority strains which named HFZ-1A and HFZ-2D that can produce the higher activity fibrinolytic enzyme.Fermentation conditions, including medium, inoculation quantity, strain age, pH, OD, rpm, had been optimized.Then, purified fibrinolytic enzyme named M-1 A and M-2D,studied prorerties of enzyme and dissolution of thrombolyic. Finally,observed the acute toxicity of M-1 A and M-2D on mouse.
    1. Fermentation conditions of HFZ-1A and HFZ-2D were optimized through single factor test and orthogonal design study. The conclusion was as follows:
    (1) HFZ-1A stain: soluble starch 4%,peptone 2%, ammonium ferric citrate 0.1%,calcium phosphate 0.4%,SDS 0.1%,the inoculum size 2%,pH 7.5, fermentation time 96 h,media amount 75/500 (mL/mL),fermentation temperature 37 °C, rotate speed 150 r/min.Under these conditions,the strain's fibrinolytic enzyme activity was 581.81 IU/mL.
    (2) HFZ-2D stain: soluble starch2%, urea2%, ammonium ferric citrate0.4%, KH_2PO_40.1%, PEG 0.1%,the inoculum size 4%,pH7.5, fermentation time 72h,media amount 100/500(mL/mL),fermentation temperature32°C,rotate speed 180r/min.Under these conditions,the strain's fibrinolytic enzyme activity was 693.97 IU/mL.
    (3) Compared to correlative study, fibrinolytic enzyme activity of HFZ-1 A and HFZ-2D strain is higher.
    2. After purifying, enzyme activity of M-1A reached 1032.69 IU/mL and the activity of M-2D reached 1258.14 IU/mL.The characters of these two enzymes had been studied.The optimum pH and optimum temperature for M-1A and M-2D to dissolute thrombolyic are pH7.5~8.5 and 45°C~50°C,and theses two enzymes activities are not stable at high temperature and low pH, Fe~3、 Mn~2、 NH_4~+ activates the activaty of M-1 A and SO_4~(2-)、 Zn~(2+)、
引文
[1] 罗明典,微生物制药研究新进展[J].微生物通报,1998,25(1):61~62.
    [2] 赵洪,何执中.溶栓药物研究进展[J].中国生化药物杂志,2003,24(1):51~53.
    [3] Beilin B, Shavit Y, Razumovsky J, etal. Effect of mild periop erative hypother on cellularimmune responses[J]. Anesthesiology, 1998, 89(5): 1133~1140.
    [4] 中国医学科学院血液学研究所邓家栋主编.临床血液学,上海科学技术出版社,1985年6月.
    [5] 周衍淑编.止血生理与临床,人民卫生出版社.1987,第1版.
    [6] 魏而清主编,药理学前沿—信号、蛋白因子、基因与现代药理[M],科学出版社:531—534.
    [7] 屈晨雪,夏铁安,王建中.正常人和血栓性疾病患者凝血酶原基因20210位的变异[J],北京医科大学学报,2000,32(6):570~571.
    [8] 王志东,罗茜,贾志芳.急性肺栓塞28例临床诊治分析[J],山西医药杂志,2004,33(2)155~156.
    [9] 王晓琴,任爱平,倪艳阳.凝血纤溶指标测定在冠心病中的应用价值[J],西安医科大学学报,2002,21(2):112~114.
    [10] 迟东升,吾柏铭,洪小苏等.急性心肌梗死患者脂蛋白(a)和凝血纤溶活性以及尿激酶溶栓治疗对其影响[J],中国急救医学.2002,20(3):136~139.
    [11] 马建波,魏任雄.脑血栓患者纤溶活性的动态观察[J],宁波医学,2000,12(0):411~412.
    [12] 王骏,王敏,王以光.链霉菌产生的新型纤溶酶的纯化和性质的研究[J].生物工程学报,1999,15:147~152.
    [13] Egorov NS, Kochetov GA and Khaidarova NV. Isolation and ProPerties of thefibrinolytic enzyme from the Actinomyces thermovulgaris cultural broth. Mikrobiologiia. 1976, 45: 455~459.
    [14] EI-Aassar SA.. production and properties enzyme in solid state cultures of Fusarium Pallidoroseum. Biotechnol Lett. 1995, 17(9): 943~948.
    [15] Kim W, Choi K, Kim Y, Park H. Purification and characterization of a fibrinolytic enzyme Produced from Bacillus SP. strain CK 11-4 screened from Chungkook-Jang. APPI. Environ Microbiol. 1996, 62(7): 2482~1488.
    [16] Sun T, Liu BH, Li P, Liu DM and Li ZH. New solid-state ferlnentation Process for repeated batch Production of flbrinolytie enzyme by Fusarium oxysporum, Process Biochem. 1998, 33(4) 419~422.
    [17] Mihara H, Sumi H, Yoneta T, Mizumoto H, Ikedo R, Seiki M and Maruyama M. A novel fibrinolytic enzyme extracted from the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus. Jpn. J. Physiol. 1991, 41(3)461~472.
    [18] Chen HM, Guan AL and Markland FS. Immunological properties of the fibrinolytic enzyme (fibrolase) from southern copperhead(Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix)venom and its purification by immunoaffinity chromatogragh, foxicon. 1991, 29(6): 683~694.
    [19] 裴光源,王中枢.蒲黄“纤溶酶”的分离纯化及部分性质的研究[J].生物化学与生物物理,1991,23(1):14~19.
    [20] 熊强,梁剑光,熊晓辉.微生物—几种溶栓药物的重要来源[J].微生物学通报,2003,30(5):116~119.
    [21] 冯周琴主编.实用血栓病学,郑州.河南科技出版社,1995,136~167.
    [22] 王振义,李家增主编.血栓与止血.南京,江苏科技出版社.1996,414~415.
    [23] Collen D, DeBone DP, Lijinen HR. et al. Development of novel thromb Olyticagtnts. J Internmed, 1999, 236(4): 433.
    [24] 翟中金,王鹏.葡激酶的研究进展[J].国外医学临床生物化学与检验学分,1998,19(4):156~158.
    [25] StumP, D C, Thien Pont M, CollenD. Urokinase-related Proteins in Humanurine-isolation and Characterization of single-chian urokinase-tyPe Plasmino genactivator. J. Biol. Chem 1986, 261 (36): 17120~17126.
    [26] 房得兴,冯雷.组织型纤维蛋白溶解酶原激活因子的分子生物学研究进展[J].生物工程进展,1999,13(1):1~4.
    [27] 张艳,李卫平,明亮等.重组葡激酶溶栓作用的研究[J].中国药理学通报.2002,16(2):187~189.
    [28] 吕莹,张露,冯雷等.纳豆激酶的纯化及性质研究[J].食品与发酵工业.2004,30(3):122~124.
    [29] Gulga C, bode MS, Runge K. Huber Fibrinolysis & Protelysis. 1998, 12 (Suppl2): 39~58.
    [30] 王萍,陈钧.纳豆激酶纤溶活性研究[J],食品科技.2004,9:91~94.
    [31] Sumi H, Hamada H, Tsusbima H. experimentia, 1987, 43: 1110.
    [32] Yoshikazu Yuki, Tomoyo nakagawa, Mitsuge Fujitaetal, A sandwich, enxyme_linked immunosorbent assay for Nattokinase. Biosci, Biotech, Biochem, 1994, 58(2): 366~370.
    [33] 须见洋行.纳豆激酶纤溶系[J],生物与化学.1991,29(2):119~123.
    [34] 付利,杨志兴.纳豆激酶的研究与应用[J].生物工程进展:1995,1(5):46~49.
    [35] FujitaM, Hong K and Ito Y. Transport of nattokinase across the rat intestinal tract. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1995, 18(9): 1194~1196.
    [36] Sumi H, Hamada H, Mihara H, Nakanishi K and Hiratani H.. Fibrinolytic effect of the Japanese traditional food natto(nattokinase). Thrombosis Haemostasis, 1989, 62(1): 549.
    [37] Sumi H., Hamada H, Nakanishi K and Hiratani H. Enllancement of the fibrinolyticactivityi, in plasma by oral administration of nattokinase. Acta Haematol. 1990, 84(3): 139~143.
    [38] 陈志文,徐尔尼,肖美燕.纳豆激酶的研究进展[J],食品科技:2002,2:66~68.
    [39] Wonkeuk K, Keehyun C. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1996, 62: 2482~2488.
    [40] Richard A G ect. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2001, 202: 629~638.
    [41] 刘晨光,王鹏,刘万顺.微生物溶栓酶研究概况及进展[J],微生物学通报.2002,29(2)46~49.
    [42] FujitaM, NomuraK, Hong K. et al. Purification and characterization of a strong fibrinolytic enzyme(nattokinase)in the vegetable cheese natto, a PoPujar soybeanfermentedfood in JaPan. Biochem. BioPhy. Res. Commun, 1993, 197(3): 1340-1347.
    [43] Nakarnura T, Yamagata YI, chishima E. Nucleotide sequence ofthe subtilisin Natgene, arprn of Bacillus subtilis(natto). Biosci, Biotech, Biochem, 1992, 56(11): 1869~1871.
    [44] 杨志兴,张淑梅,张云湖等.一株具有纤溶活性的枯草杆菌蛋白激酶的初步研究[J].药物生物技术,2001,3(3):133~136.
    [45] 王贤舜,路阳,张治洲.枯草杆菌碱性蛋白酶E的纯化和性质[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2002,19(5):398~400.
    [46] 付利,杨志兴.纳豆激酶的研究与应用[J].生物工程进展,2002,15(5):46~49.
    [47] 王正刚,丁贵平.纳豆激酶的研究进展[J].中国生化药物杂志,2003,19(6):401~403.
    [48] 凌均建,罗立新,杨汝德.纳豆激酶基因的克隆与表达[J].中国生物化学与分子生物学学报.2002,17(6):185~189.
    [49] LijnenH R. colleen D. Strategines for the improvement of thrombolyticagents. Thromb Haemost, 1999, 66(1): 88.
    [50] 翟中金.国外医学临床生物化学与检验学分册[M].1998,19(4):156~158.
    [51] 张艳,李卫平,明亮等.中国药理学通报[J].2000,16(2):187~189.
    [52] 马端,宋后燕.特异性溶栓剂:葡激酶[J].国外医学心血管分册,1998,25(4):212~213.
    [53] Wan M, Wang Y, Rabideau S, et al. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for host cell protein contnants in reconmbinant PEGylated staphylokinase mutant SY 161[J]. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2002, 28(5): 953~963.
    [54] Urano T, Ihara H, Umemura K, et al. The profibrinolytic enzyme subtilisin NAT purified frombacillus subtilis cleaves and inactivates plasminogen activator inhibitor type Ⅰ[J]. J Biochem, 2001, 276(27): 24690~24696.
    [55] 刘北域,宋后燕,纳豆激酶基因克隆及其在枯草杆菌中的表达[J].生物化学与生物物理学报,2002,34(3):338~340.
    [56] Wonkeuk K, Keehyunc. Applied And Emvironmental Microbiology, 1996, 62: 2482~2488.
    [57] 谢秋玲,郭勇.纳豆激酶活性测定方法[J],广东药学,2000,10(6):8~10.
    [58] Astrup T and Mullertz S. the fibrin plate method for estimating fibrinolytic activity. Arch. Biochem. BioPhys. 1952, 40: 346~351.
    [59] Deogny L, Weidenbach A and Hampton W. Improved fibrin Plate method for fibrinolytic activity measurements: use of bentonite precipitation and agar solidification. Clinica. ChlmLca. Acta. 1975, 160: 85~89.
    [60] Loewy AG and Santer UV. A simPle, economic in vitro fibrinolysis rate assay. Thrombo. ReS. 1992, 68: 201~204.
    [61] 谢秋玲,郭勇.纳豆激酶液体发酵条件的优化[J].华南理工大学学报,2002,5:172~131.
    [62] Hara T, Tadokoro Y and Satoyama T. A simple, easy and routine assay of fibrinolytic enzyme activity. J. Jpn. Soc. Food Sci. Tech. 1996, 43(2): 172~175.
    [63] 原敏夫.日本食品科学杂志.1996,43(2):172~175.
    [64] Yuki Y, Nakagawa T, Ftljita M, AsadaA, Nakanishi K and Kato K. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Nattokinase. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 1994, 58(2): 366~370.
    [65] 原敏夫,田氛成子,里山俊哉.简便血栓溶解酵素活性测定法,日本食品化学科学协会志[J] 1996,43(2):172~175.
    [66] Nakamura T. Yamagata Y. Ichishima E. Nucleotide Sequence of thesubtilisin NAT gene, apr N of Bacillus subtilis(natto). Biosci. Biotech. Biochem, 1998, 56(11): 1869~1877.
    [67] 三尺悟,竹内尚人。线溶活性特蛋白质制造法.日本公开特许 1994,153,977(CA1994, 121:106686).
    [68] 王贤舜,路阳,张治洲.枯草杆菌碱性蛋白酶E的纯化和性质[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2003,19(5):398~400.
    [69] 翟治清,李家增.高效溶栓剂的研究—纤溶酶原激活剂的改造及应用前景[J].国外医学(输血及血液学分册).1998,16(1):234~238.
    [70]. Vanda mme AM. DewerchinM, Li jnen HR, et al. Characterization of a reombinant chimeric Plasminogen activator composed of a fibrin fraglnent Dimer specific humanized monoclonal antibody and a truncated single chain rokinase, Euro P J Biochem. 1999, 205(1): 139.
    [71] 陈坚,李寅.发酵过程优化原理与实践[M].北京,化学工业出版社 2002,12~19.
    [72] 丁贵平,蔡正森,王正刚.纳豆激酶的分离纯化及生化研究[J].氨基酸和生物资源.2001,23(3):13~16.
    [73] 谢秋玲,郭勇.纳豆激酶活性测定方法[J].广东药学,2000,10(6)8~10.
    [74] 李建武,萧能,余瑞元,et al.The Theory And Method of Biochemistry Experiment(生物化学实验原理和方法)[M].Beijing:Bejing Univercity Press,1994,174~176.
    [75] 李季伦等,微生物生理学[M].北京,北京农业大学出版社.1993,72~89.
    [76] 王正刚,丁贵平,蔡正森.纳豆激酶的发酵工艺研究[J],氨基酸和生物资源.2001,23(2):17~21.
    [77] 陈志文,徐尔尼,肖美燕.枯草芽孢杆菌产纤溶酶发酵条件的研究[J].食品工业科技.2003,24(5)23~26.
    [78] 向梅,杨金树,吴思方.豆豉纤溶酶的研究进展[J].武汉工业学院学报,2002,4(4):24~25.
    [79] 李立民,惠洪文,王明芳.纳豆激酶分离提纯方法中试研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2003,24(4):51~52.
    [80] 王金英,刘宇峰.豆豉抗栓作用的研究[J].生物技术,1997,7(5):18~29.
    [81] Barker S A. Topics in Enzyme and Fermentation[M], 1982, 4: 68~77.
    [82] 李伟江,冉再国,陈新梅.豆豉溶栓酶的分离纯化及其体外溶栓作用.[J].中国生化药物杂志,1999,20(3):148~150.
    [83] 孟紫强主编.环境毒理学[M].中国环境科学出版社,2000:496~497.
    [84] 饶颖竹,陈蓉,阮倩玲.纳豆激酶粗提液的体外溶栓抑菌实验[J].蛇志.2004,16(1):7~9.
    [85] 王心如主编.毒理学基础[M].人民卫生出版社.2003年8月第四版:103~113.
    [86] 中华人民共和国卫生部药政局.新药(西药)临床前研究指导原则汇编(药学、药理学、毒理学)[M].1993.198~199.
    [87] Klaassen CD(ed): Casarett and Doull's Toxicology-The Basic Science of Poisons. 6th ed. New McGrawHill Inc., 2001.
    [88] 吴英锋,齐清会,吴双虎.尿激酶股动脉注射治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2002,8(6):391~392.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700