物流企业低碳化发展的影响机理与运营机制研究
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摘要
低碳物流是在低碳经济背景下产生的一种综合考虑环境影响和资源消耗的现代物流模式,它以崭新的思维方式从理论上研究物流系统如何节能减排才能保持与自然生态系统的协调发展。物流企业是一个能源消耗大户，对能源的依赖性很强,能源消耗以油料非再生能源为主,高污染能源消耗势必高温室气体和大气污染排放,我国物流企业高油品消耗量和气体排放量使物流企业必然成为节能减排的关键点。物流企业的低碳化发展不仅仅是一个技术问题,也是一个管理问题。物流企业的低碳化发展需要回答一系列科学问题,如物流企业高碳排放的原因是什么,影响物流企业高碳排放的因素有哪些,影响因素如何影响碳排放以及影响程度如何,物流企业低碳发展的运营机制有哪些等等。基于上述科学问题,根据对已有文献的研究,主要针对物流企业低碳发展的影响机理和运营机制展开研究,为物流企业的低碳发展提供指导。
在界定低碳物流的概念和本质的基础上,根据我国物流企业的历年能源消耗量测算出物流企业的碳排放量,首先在对我国物流企业历年碳排放量简约回顾的基础上,对物流企业碳排放量与增长时序数据进行拟合,根据拟合曲线和回归分析结果,运用EKC模型研究了我国物流企业的碳排放现状与特征；其次采用迪氏对数指标(LMDI)分解法,从物流企业的生产规模、生产结构、能源结构、能源效率和碳排放强度五个方面构建物流企业高碳排放的分解模型,根据各影响效应变动情况来分析我国物流企业高碳排放的原因；再次基于高碳排放的原因总结出物流企业高碳排放的主要影响因素,提出各影响因素与碳排放之间关系的研究假设,通过构建通径分析模型对研究假设进行检验,并分别测算了各影响因素与物流企业碳排放的影响系数,根据影响系数确定其直接影响程度、间接影响程度以及总影响程度,据此研究我国物流企业高碳排放的影响机理；最后根据物流企业自身发展状况,在分析物流企业运营现状的基础上,通过对比物流企业运营现状与企业低碳运营的条件和要求的基础上,探讨了物流企业低碳化发展存在的主要瓶颈,在此基础上提出了物流企业低碳化发展的运营机制。
Low-carbonated logistics is a modern logistical model being created in the background of low-carbon economy, which considered comprehensively the environment effect and resource expenditure, and study in theory how the logistical system save energy and reduce emission to keep harmonious development with nature ecosystem in a new model of thinking. Logistics enterprise is a company of energy expenditure with highly leans on resource and mainly composes of nonrenewable oil. High-pollution energy sources should be high emission of greenhouse gases and contaminant, which makes logistics enterprise become the key point of energy-saving and emission-reduction. The low-carbonated development of logistics enterprise is not only a technical question, but also a management problem. It needs answer a series of scientific issues, such as what the reason of high-carbon emission, which factor influences the discharge, how the factor affects the emission and what degree influence factor works on as well as what the mechanism of low-carbonated development of logistics enterprise. According to the existing document, the influence and operation mechanism was researched to instruct low carbon development of logistics enterprise based on above scientific issues.
Based on defining the concept and essence of low-carbonate logistics, firstly the carbon emission was calculated according to the resource consumption over the years, then the carbon discharge and temporal data were fitted. According to the result of fitting curve and regression analysis, the current situation and characteristics of carbon emission was studied by using EKC model. Secondly by adopting the LMDI decomposition method, the decomposable model of high-carbon discharge was designed in five aspects of production scale, production structure, energy structure, energy efficiency and carbon emission intensity. The reason of high-carbon discharge in logistics enterprise was researched on the basis of influential effect. Thirdly the leading influence factor was summed up based on the reason of high-carbon emission, then the research hypothesis between influence factor and carbon discharge was put forward and tested by constructing model of path analysis, and the influence mechanism was studied according to the effect coefficient that influence factor works on carbon emission. Finally, the operation mechanism was explored by comparing the operation situation with the condition requirement of low-carbonated operation and by investigating the main problems of low-carbonated development in logistics enterprise.
在界定低碳物流的概念和本质的基础上,根据我国物流企业的历年能源消耗量测算出物流企业的碳排放量,首先在对我国物流企业历年碳排放量简约回顾的基础上,对物流企业碳排放量与增长时序数据进行拟合,根据拟合曲线和回归分析结果,运用EKC模型研究了我国物流企业的碳排放现状与特征；其次采用迪氏对数指标(LMDI)分解法,从物流企业的生产规模、生产结构、能源结构、能源效率和碳排放强度五个方面构建物流企业高碳排放的分解模型,根据各影响效应变动情况来分析我国物流企业高碳排放的原因；再次基于高碳排放的原因总结出物流企业高碳排放的主要影响因素,提出各影响因素与碳排放之间关系的研究假设,通过构建通径分析模型对研究假设进行检验,并分别测算了各影响因素与物流企业碳排放的影响系数,根据影响系数确定其直接影响程度、间接影响程度以及总影响程度,据此研究我国物流企业高碳排放的影响机理；最后根据物流企业自身发展状况,在分析物流企业运营现状的基础上,通过对比物流企业运营现状与企业低碳运营的条件和要求的基础上,探讨了物流企业低碳化发展存在的主要瓶颈,在此基础上提出了物流企业低碳化发展的运营机制。
Low-carbonated logistics is a modern logistical model being created in the background of low-carbon economy, which considered comprehensively the environment effect and resource expenditure, and study in theory how the logistical system save energy and reduce emission to keep harmonious development with nature ecosystem in a new model of thinking. Logistics enterprise is a company of energy expenditure with highly leans on resource and mainly composes of nonrenewable oil. High-pollution energy sources should be high emission of greenhouse gases and contaminant, which makes logistics enterprise become the key point of energy-saving and emission-reduction. The low-carbonated development of logistics enterprise is not only a technical question, but also a management problem. It needs answer a series of scientific issues, such as what the reason of high-carbon emission, which factor influences the discharge, how the factor affects the emission and what degree influence factor works on as well as what the mechanism of low-carbonated development of logistics enterprise. According to the existing document, the influence and operation mechanism was researched to instruct low carbon development of logistics enterprise based on above scientific issues.
Based on defining the concept and essence of low-carbonate logistics, firstly the carbon emission was calculated according to the resource consumption over the years, then the carbon discharge and temporal data were fitted. According to the result of fitting curve and regression analysis, the current situation and characteristics of carbon emission was studied by using EKC model. Secondly by adopting the LMDI decomposition method, the decomposable model of high-carbon discharge was designed in five aspects of production scale, production structure, energy structure, energy efficiency and carbon emission intensity. The reason of high-carbon discharge in logistics enterprise was researched on the basis of influential effect. Thirdly the leading influence factor was summed up based on the reason of high-carbon emission, then the research hypothesis between influence factor and carbon discharge was put forward and tested by constructing model of path analysis, and the influence mechanism was studied according to the effect coefficient that influence factor works on carbon emission. Finally, the operation mechanism was explored by comparing the operation situation with the condition requirement of low-carbonated operation and by investigating the main problems of low-carbonated development in logistics enterprise.
引文
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