矿井通风监控系统设计与开发
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摘要
矿井通风系统是矿井安全生产的重要组成部分,矿井通风系统的好坏,直接影响着矿井的安全生产、灾害防治和经济效益。矿井通风风机风量的优化调节,可节省大量电能消耗。因此,建立一套数字化的矿井通风机监控系统是改进现有矿井通风机系统工作状况的有效手段。
针对国内外矿井风机监控系统现状,分析了矿井风机监测系统的需求,提出了一种基于井下现场监控层、光纤通信网络层、地面监控管理层三层网络的矿井通风监控系统方案,详细叙述了该系统的体系结构。建立矿井通风网络模型,根据流体力学原理,简化沿程损失和局部损失,使之符合矿井巷道风阻的计算,采用拟牛顿法解算通风网络模型。设计井下远程监控节点硬件,给出了风机控制器、数据采集、以太网等关键模块电路原理图；采用RTOS与应用软件的分层结构,移植μC/OS-Ⅱ与网络协议,开发软件驱动,设计实现了软件的通信、数据存储、数据采集等功能,通过优先级分配,满足了系统实时性要求。
基于建立的矿井通风网络,开发了矿井通风监控系统,实现了通风系统的监控和矿井风量的调节,为矿井通风系统方案提供理论依据,经济效益明显。
Mine ventilation system is the key part of mine's safe production. Some factors including the safe of production, the prevention of disaster and the efficiency of economic are influenced by the condition of the mine ventilation system. The optimal selection of the wind volume in mine is an important way to save energy consumption by decreasing the unbalance between the supply and the need. It is very valuable to set up a digital mine ventilation monitoring control system for improving the work situation of mine ventilation system.
Based on the actual situation and the function of mine ventilation control system, the design scheme of mine ventilation control system is proposed where includes three layouts:mine site monitoring layer, optical fiber communication network layer, ground control management layer, at the same time, the system architecture are described. According to the principle of Hydromechanics, two kinds of wind losses are simplified to compute the wind resistance of mine roadway conveniently, the model of mine ventilation network is build. Mine ventilation network model is computed by intend Newton arithmetic. The principle Schematic of key components including fans control diagram, Data Acquisition diagram, Ethernet diagram are present. The software including Driver Develop-ment, proper priority, communication between tasks,μC/OS-Ⅱand Net-work protocol Transplanting are established to meet the real time per-formance.
By means of designed the mine ventilation network, the monitoring and control system is completed to achieve the purpose of controlling the ventilation system and adjusting the mine air volume ultimately, which gains economic benefits. Besides, theoretic basis are provided for the op-timization selection of schemes of mine ventilation system.
针对国内外矿井风机监控系统现状,分析了矿井风机监测系统的需求,提出了一种基于井下现场监控层、光纤通信网络层、地面监控管理层三层网络的矿井通风监控系统方案,详细叙述了该系统的体系结构。建立矿井通风网络模型,根据流体力学原理,简化沿程损失和局部损失,使之符合矿井巷道风阻的计算,采用拟牛顿法解算通风网络模型。设计井下远程监控节点硬件,给出了风机控制器、数据采集、以太网等关键模块电路原理图；采用RTOS与应用软件的分层结构,移植μC/OS-Ⅱ与网络协议,开发软件驱动,设计实现了软件的通信、数据存储、数据采集等功能,通过优先级分配,满足了系统实时性要求。
基于建立的矿井通风网络,开发了矿井通风监控系统,实现了通风系统的监控和矿井风量的调节,为矿井通风系统方案提供理论依据,经济效益明显。
Mine ventilation system is the key part of mine's safe production. Some factors including the safe of production, the prevention of disaster and the efficiency of economic are influenced by the condition of the mine ventilation system. The optimal selection of the wind volume in mine is an important way to save energy consumption by decreasing the unbalance between the supply and the need. It is very valuable to set up a digital mine ventilation monitoring control system for improving the work situation of mine ventilation system.
Based on the actual situation and the function of mine ventilation control system, the design scheme of mine ventilation control system is proposed where includes three layouts:mine site monitoring layer, optical fiber communication network layer, ground control management layer, at the same time, the system architecture are described. According to the principle of Hydromechanics, two kinds of wind losses are simplified to compute the wind resistance of mine roadway conveniently, the model of mine ventilation network is build. Mine ventilation network model is computed by intend Newton arithmetic. The principle Schematic of key components including fans control diagram, Data Acquisition diagram, Ethernet diagram are present. The software including Driver Develop-ment, proper priority, communication between tasks,μC/OS-Ⅱand Net-work protocol Transplanting are established to meet the real time per-formance.
By means of designed the mine ventilation network, the monitoring and control system is completed to achieve the purpose of controlling the ventilation system and adjusting the mine air volume ultimately, which gains economic benefits. Besides, theoretic basis are provided for the op-timization selection of schemes of mine ventilation system.
引文
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[18]Raina A, Ramulu M. Application of digital image analysis technique for assess-ment of blast fragmentation and explosives energy uitlisation in a large open- cast coal mine[J]. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, 2008,56(7):140-147.
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[20]Trutwin W. Use of digital computers for the study of non-steady states and automatic control problems in mine ventilation networks[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 1972,9(2):289-323.
[21]孙英.近十年我国金属矿山通风系统的技术改造[J].金属矿山,1994,12(5)：25-29.
[22]海伦.煤矿信息化：信息产业新增长点[J].中国电子报,2005,23(4)：34-36.
[23]李继培.煤矿井下灾害调查与研究[J].中国安全生产科学研究报,2005,24(7)：23-25.
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[27]米建国,李继培.依靠科技遏制瓦斯矿难[N].国务院发展研究中心信息中心,2005.08.02.
[28]Chen J Y, Zhang S, Zuo W R. Digital Coal Mine Integrated Automation System based on Controlnet[J]. Journal of China university of mining & technology, 2007,17(2):210-214.
[29]Wang Y J. Characteristics of multiple fan ventilation networks[J]. International journal of mining engineering,1984,12(2):229-243.
[30]Fu H, Shao L S. An optimized control of ventilation in coal mines based on artifi-cial neural network. Journal of coal science & Engineering,2002,8(2):80-83.
[31]Stefanko H, Baran A. Digital computer-based vibration monitoring in under-ground coal mine equipment[J]. Senior Member of IEEE American Electric Power,1988,35(6):1250-1254.
[32]Rastogi, Ven K. Digital control systems for mines and industrial processes[J]. Measurement Techniques,1984,1(2):21-28.
[33]赵梓成,谢贤平.矿井通风理论与技术进展评述[[J].云南冶金,2002,31(3)：24-31.
[34]沈斐敏.矿井通风系统合理性的综合评判[C].第二次全国采矿学术会议论文集(汇),1986(11)：283-294.
[35]杨运良.矿井通风系统网路结构复杂程度的评价[J].煤矿安全,1998,29(1)：321-334.
[36]李恕如,王义章.矿井通风网络图论[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1984：48-60,86-90.
[37]张惠忱.计算机在矿井通风中的应用[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版,1992：62-234.
[38]赵以蕙.通风网络理论[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1993：66-81,161-179.
[39]Enb L M, Wang Y J. Characteristic curves revisited:a more logical approach to determining operating points[C]. Mining Engineering (Littleton, Colorado),1998: 65-69.
[40]Wang Q F, Zhang X H. The digitization-emulation optimization and forecasting of mine ventilation system[J]. Epic Consulting Services Ltd,2002,12(6): 480-484.
[41]Hardy C. The Influence of Mathematics on the Development of Structural Form. Institute for Structural Design Ⅱ, Germany,1935,23(4):212-221.
[42]张兆瑞.矿井通风系统评价指标向量及其应用研究[J].西安矿业学院学报,1995,15(4)：379-384.
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