论徐讦30-40年代的小说创作
摘要
本文将研究对象范围限定在徐讦小说创作的前期(20世纪30—40年代),是由于这位作家的前期创作历程处于中国现代文学史语境中,而后期(20世纪50年代及以后)则处于香港文学史或东南亚华文文学史语境中,因此严格来说分属于两个不同子领域,是两个不同的课题。对后者的研究当另外进行。
本文对徐讦30—40年代小说创作的考察,不是孤立地对其作品进行文本解析与评述,而是放置在中国现代文学史、乃至中国现代历史的背景下,梳理徐讦小说创作的发展历程、徐讦本人的人生历程、徐讦所经历的文学历史与社会历史三条线索,并密切关注三者之间的切合点,从中寻找徐讦小说创作的真实脉络与核心特征,及其对现代文学史的意义。
首先,徐讦前半期小说创作的历程贯穿20世纪30—40年代,并且与文学史及社会历史的发展脉络有着明显的对应关系,这是理解这位作家及其创作的一个非常重要的方面,同时也构成了切入、及观察现代文学史的一个角度。
其次,徐讦以“爱与美”为主题创作“梦与故事”,是现代文学史上比较独特的一个小说类型,很受当时读书市场欢迎,而评论者、研究者则对其褒贬不一。
最后,徐讦的个人主义与自由主义创作立场,不仅表现在他的小说作品中为现代文学史提供了观察普通个人在时代社会中处境及其应对的视角,而且由其创作姿态本身也提出了作家在个体与时代矛盾之中的处境及其应对的问题。
本文包括“绪言”及正文5章。“绪言”部分讨论徐讦前半期小说创作历程及其在现代文学史上的处境,提出本文的研究背景、核心问题及研究方法。第一章考察其小说创作的起步阶段,重点讨论几部虽不成熟、但已包含其小说创作重要线索的作品。第二章考察留法阶段,包括对奠定其小说路途的《阿拉伯海的女神》及其成名作《鬼恋》的探讨。第三章考察上海“孤岛”时期,这是徐讦小说创作的一个鼎盛时期,出现了不少重要的小说作品。第四章考察在“大后方”重庆时期,讨论他的第一部长篇小说、代表作品《风萧萧》,包括该作品所涉及的时代社会现实、个人生活方式与追寻人生理想三个层面。第五章考察在美国时期、以及上海后期,以这一时期徐讦小说创作出现的新方向为切入点,总结其前半期小说创作的关键命题、核心特征、主要问题,及其所包含的未来可能的发展方向。
本文的论述结构以时间为主线,借此勾画出徐讦前半期小说创作的整体脉络;同时结合各时期的主要特点对徐讦小说创作的若干关键问题进行重点探讨。而在论述的过程中,始终不忘将他和他的小说创作放置在文学史及历史大背景下进行考察,试图在共时平面与历时发展中为徐讦确立起他的位置。
This thesis focuses its attention on the early period of Xu Xu's fiction creation, ranging from 1930's to 1940's, for the reason that his early fiction creation is in the context of Chinese modern literature history, while the later period, after 1950's, is in the context of Hong Kong literature history or of South-East-Asia Chinese literature history. Strictly speaking, these two periods belong to two different sub-areas, which might consequently be regarded as two different subjects. Research on the later period should be made in other ways.
Instead of making text analysis of and comments on Xu Xu's works in isolation from others, this thesis puts his fiction creation from 1930's to 1940's into the background of Chinese modern literature history, or even into the background of Chinese modern history, in order to comb the three clues, i.e. the course of his fiction creation, his life journey, both the literature and the social histories he experienced. Meanwhile, it pays close attention to the junction of the three clues so as to find the real venation and key feature of his fiction creation, and to find what it means to Chinese modern literature history.
Firstly, Xu Xu's early fiction creation runs through the period from 1930's to 1940's, and obviously has a corresponding relation with the development venation of both literature and social histories, which becomes an important part of understanding this writer and his works, and offers a perspective of approaching and observing the modern literature history as well.
Secondly, those "dreams and stories" Xu Xu created with his major idea of "love and beauty" are regarded as a special fiction type in modern literature history, which was very popular to the reading market in those days, while reviewers and researchers pass different judgements on it.
Finally, Xu Xu's individualistic and liberalistic view of creation, not only shows itself in the fact that his fictions offer a perspective of observing the social circumstances common people are in and how they respond, but also put forward with his creative attitude what is the circumstances writers faced with the contradiction between individual and the times are in and how they respond.
This thesis consists of a preface and five chapters. The preface both discusses several basic issues of Xu Xu's early fiction creation, including the creative ways, the creative process, circumstances they faced with in modern history and etc., and put forward the key problem this thesis study. The first chapter studies the starting period of his fiction creation, mainly discussing several immature works that contains important clues to his fiction creation. The second chapter studies the period of his study abroad in France, including discussion about Goddess of Arabian Sea, the novel that established his way to fiction creation, and Ghost Love, the novel that made him well-known. The third chapter studies the period in Shanghai as an "isolated island", a golden period for Xu Xu's fiction creation, a period when some important fictions representing his main writing style appeared. The fourth chapter studies the period of "rear area" in Chongqing, mainly discussing the Wind Soughing and Sighing, his first fiction and representative work completely containing the three aspects of the social reality, the individual life style and the pursuing of the life ideal. The fifth chapter studies the period of his stay in America and the later period in Shanghai, both summarizing the key propositions, the key features and the main questions of his early fiction creation, and discussing the possible orientation in the future within these things.
The analysis structure of this thesis is mainly on the basis of time, which aims to delineate the whole venation of Xu Xu's early fiction creation. Moreover, it mainly discusses some key issues of Xu Xu's fiction creation with a combination of main features of different periods. When it comes to the analysis itself, it sticks to putting his fiction creation into the backgrounds of literature history and social history, trying to establish Xu Xu's position in synchronic dimension and diachronic development.
本文对徐讦30—40年代小说创作的考察,不是孤立地对其作品进行文本解析与评述,而是放置在中国现代文学史、乃至中国现代历史的背景下,梳理徐讦小说创作的发展历程、徐讦本人的人生历程、徐讦所经历的文学历史与社会历史三条线索,并密切关注三者之间的切合点,从中寻找徐讦小说创作的真实脉络与核心特征,及其对现代文学史的意义。
首先,徐讦前半期小说创作的历程贯穿20世纪30—40年代,并且与文学史及社会历史的发展脉络有着明显的对应关系,这是理解这位作家及其创作的一个非常重要的方面,同时也构成了切入、及观察现代文学史的一个角度。
其次,徐讦以“爱与美”为主题创作“梦与故事”,是现代文学史上比较独特的一个小说类型,很受当时读书市场欢迎,而评论者、研究者则对其褒贬不一。
最后,徐讦的个人主义与自由主义创作立场,不仅表现在他的小说作品中为现代文学史提供了观察普通个人在时代社会中处境及其应对的视角,而且由其创作姿态本身也提出了作家在个体与时代矛盾之中的处境及其应对的问题。
本文包括“绪言”及正文5章。“绪言”部分讨论徐讦前半期小说创作历程及其在现代文学史上的处境,提出本文的研究背景、核心问题及研究方法。第一章考察其小说创作的起步阶段,重点讨论几部虽不成熟、但已包含其小说创作重要线索的作品。第二章考察留法阶段,包括对奠定其小说路途的《阿拉伯海的女神》及其成名作《鬼恋》的探讨。第三章考察上海“孤岛”时期,这是徐讦小说创作的一个鼎盛时期,出现了不少重要的小说作品。第四章考察在“大后方”重庆时期,讨论他的第一部长篇小说、代表作品《风萧萧》,包括该作品所涉及的时代社会现实、个人生活方式与追寻人生理想三个层面。第五章考察在美国时期、以及上海后期,以这一时期徐讦小说创作出现的新方向为切入点,总结其前半期小说创作的关键命题、核心特征、主要问题,及其所包含的未来可能的发展方向。
本文的论述结构以时间为主线,借此勾画出徐讦前半期小说创作的整体脉络;同时结合各时期的主要特点对徐讦小说创作的若干关键问题进行重点探讨。而在论述的过程中,始终不忘将他和他的小说创作放置在文学史及历史大背景下进行考察,试图在共时平面与历时发展中为徐讦确立起他的位置。
This thesis focuses its attention on the early period of Xu Xu's fiction creation, ranging from 1930's to 1940's, for the reason that his early fiction creation is in the context of Chinese modern literature history, while the later period, after 1950's, is in the context of Hong Kong literature history or of South-East-Asia Chinese literature history. Strictly speaking, these two periods belong to two different sub-areas, which might consequently be regarded as two different subjects. Research on the later period should be made in other ways.
Instead of making text analysis of and comments on Xu Xu's works in isolation from others, this thesis puts his fiction creation from 1930's to 1940's into the background of Chinese modern literature history, or even into the background of Chinese modern history, in order to comb the three clues, i.e. the course of his fiction creation, his life journey, both the literature and the social histories he experienced. Meanwhile, it pays close attention to the junction of the three clues so as to find the real venation and key feature of his fiction creation, and to find what it means to Chinese modern literature history.
Firstly, Xu Xu's early fiction creation runs through the period from 1930's to 1940's, and obviously has a corresponding relation with the development venation of both literature and social histories, which becomes an important part of understanding this writer and his works, and offers a perspective of approaching and observing the modern literature history as well.
Secondly, those "dreams and stories" Xu Xu created with his major idea of "love and beauty" are regarded as a special fiction type in modern literature history, which was very popular to the reading market in those days, while reviewers and researchers pass different judgements on it.
Finally, Xu Xu's individualistic and liberalistic view of creation, not only shows itself in the fact that his fictions offer a perspective of observing the social circumstances common people are in and how they respond, but also put forward with his creative attitude what is the circumstances writers faced with the contradiction between individual and the times are in and how they respond.
This thesis consists of a preface and five chapters. The preface both discusses several basic issues of Xu Xu's early fiction creation, including the creative ways, the creative process, circumstances they faced with in modern history and etc., and put forward the key problem this thesis study. The first chapter studies the starting period of his fiction creation, mainly discussing several immature works that contains important clues to his fiction creation. The second chapter studies the period of his study abroad in France, including discussion about Goddess of Arabian Sea, the novel that established his way to fiction creation, and Ghost Love, the novel that made him well-known. The third chapter studies the period in Shanghai as an "isolated island", a golden period for Xu Xu's fiction creation, a period when some important fictions representing his main writing style appeared. The fourth chapter studies the period of "rear area" in Chongqing, mainly discussing the Wind Soughing and Sighing, his first fiction and representative work completely containing the three aspects of the social reality, the individual life style and the pursuing of the life ideal. The fifth chapter studies the period of his stay in America and the later period in Shanghai, both summarizing the key propositions, the key features and the main questions of his early fiction creation, and discussing the possible orientation in the future within these things.
The analysis structure of this thesis is mainly on the basis of time, which aims to delineate the whole venation of Xu Xu's early fiction creation. Moreover, it mainly discusses some key issues of Xu Xu's fiction creation with a combination of main features of different periods. When it comes to the analysis itself, it sticks to putting his fiction creation into the backgrounds of literature history and social history, trying to establish Xu Xu's position in synchronic dimension and diachronic development.
引文
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