VSC-HVDC模拟实验系统的研究及实现
|
摘要
本文分别从交流侧和直流侧分析了基于电压源换流器(VSC)的高压直流输电(VSC-HVDC)系统的运行特性,并从稳态和瞬态角度分析直流电流和直流电压的数学表达式。在此基础上,分别对VSC-HVDC主回路中的换流电抗器及直流侧电容器参数进行设计,并采用仿真软件PSCAD/EMTDC按所设计的参数对VSC-HVDC系统进行了仿真分析,证明了设计方法的合理性和可行性。根据VSC-HVDC基本控制原理,采用IGBT组成VSC,设计了基于TMS320LF2407A及相关控制电路的控制子系统和基于Controller Area Network (CAN)和数据采集卡PCI-9118的监测子系统,从而建立了VSC-HVDC的模拟实验系统。该系统可模拟VSC-HVDC系统实现向无源网供电的功能。实验结果证实了VSC-HVDC具有良好的控制性能,为该技术的进一步研究奠定了基础。
The operational characteristics of voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) system are analyzed from AC side and DC side respectively, and from the viewpoint of steady state and transient state the mathematical expressions of DC current and DC voltage are analyzed. Moreover, the parameters of converter reactor and capacitor at DC side in the main circuit of VSC-HVDC are designed. By means of PSCAD/EMTDC package, the VSC-HVDC system with the designed parameters is simulated. Simulation results show that the proposed design approach is reasonable and feasible. According to VSC-HVDC control theory, a laboratory system, whose converters comprise of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), is built up. Based on TMS320LF2407A, the controller and corresponding control circuit are designed; the observation section based on Controller Area Network (CAN) and data acquisiton card is designed. The laboratory system can accomplish the task of feeding power to passive system. The laboratory system can be utilized as a platform for further studies and the laboratory results prove VSC-HVDC’s excellent performance.
The operational characteristics of voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) system are analyzed from AC side and DC side respectively, and from the viewpoint of steady state and transient state the mathematical expressions of DC current and DC voltage are analyzed. Moreover, the parameters of converter reactor and capacitor at DC side in the main circuit of VSC-HVDC are designed. By means of PSCAD/EMTDC package, the VSC-HVDC system with the designed parameters is simulated. Simulation results show that the proposed design approach is reasonable and feasible. According to VSC-HVDC control theory, a laboratory system, whose converters comprise of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), is built up. Based on TMS320LF2407A, the controller and corresponding control circuit are designed; the observation section based on Controller Area Network (CAN) and data acquisiton card is designed. The laboratory system can accomplish the task of feeding power to passive system. The laboratory system can be utilized as a platform for further studies and the laboratory results prove VSC-HVDC’s excellent performance.
引文
[1] 浙江大学发电教研组直流输电科研组.直流输电.北京:电力工业出版社,1982
[2] 戴熙杰.直流输电基础.北京:水利电力出版社,1990
[3] 赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[4] 刘振亚.特高压电网.北京:中国经济出版社,2005
[5] 李兴源.高压直流输电系统的运行和控制.北京:科学出版社,1998
[6] 倪以信,陈寿孙,张宝霖.动态电力系统的理论和分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[7] 李庚银,吕鹏飞,李广凯,等.轻型高压直流输电技术的发展与展望.电力系统自动化,2003,27(4):77~81
[8] Ooi B T,Wang X.Boost type PWM HVDC transmission system.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1991,6(4):1557~1563
[9] Wang X,Ooi B T.High voltage direct current transmission system based on voltage source converters.In:PESC’90 Record,Vol 1:325~332
[10] Ooi B T,Wang X.Voltage angle lock loop control of the boost type PWM converter for HVDC application.IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,1990,5(2):229~35
[11] Weimers L.HVDC Light: a new technology for a better environment.IEEE Power Engineering Review,1998,18(8):19~20
[12] Zhang G , Xu Z , Shao W . Research on the control and simulation of HVDC?VSC.In:Proc of International Conference on Power System.Wu Han,China:2001
[13] Skytt A K,Holmberg P,Juhlin L E.HVDC Light for connection of wind farms.Second International Workshop on Transmission Networks for off Shore Wind Farms.Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm,Sweden,March 29~30,2001
[14] Eriksson K,Liljegren C,Sobrink K.HVDC Light experiences applicable for power transmission from offshore wind power parks.AIAA-2004-1010.www.abb.com
[15] Axelsson U,Holm A,Liljegren C,Aberg M,et al.The Gotland HVDC Light Project- experiences from trial and commercial operation . CIGRE conference ,Amsterdam,The Netherlands,June 18~21,2001
[16] Eriksson K,Graham J.HVDC Light? -a transmission vehicle with potential for ancillary services.SEPOPE 2000 Curitiba,Brazil,May 2000
[17] Sackey T,Zakhary S Z.Power wheeling through the west African interconnectedsystem.Sixth International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (IEE Conference Publication No.423),Sweden,1996.13~18
[18] Bahrman M P, Johansson J G, Nilsson B A. Voltage source converter transmission technology-the tight fit for the application. www.abb.com
[19] Larsson T, Petersson A, Edris A A, Kidd D.Eagle Pass back-to-back tie:a dual-purpose application of voltage source converter technology.www.abb.com
[20] H?rle N, Maeland A, Eriksson K, Nestli T.Electrical supply for offshore installations made possible by use of VSC technology.CIGRE 2002 Conference,Paris,France,Aug 2002
[21] Axelsson U,Holm A,Liljegren C,et al.Gotland HVDC Light transmission—world’s first commercial small scale DC transmission.CIRED Conference,May 1999,Nice,France
[22] Zhao Z,Iravani M R.Application of GTO voltage source inverter in a hybrid HVDC link.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1994,9(1):369~377
[23] 张桂斌,徐政,王广柱.基于 VSC 的直流输电系统的稳态建模及其非线性控制.中国电机工程学报,2002,22(1):17~22
[24] 胡兆庆,毛承雄,陆继明.一种新的优化协调控制在轻型直流输电中的应用.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(8):41~49
[25] 李国栋,毛承雄,陆继明,等.AC/DC 混合输电系统分散协调控制.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):37~42
[26] 郑超,周孝信,李若梅.电压源换流器式高压直流输电的动态建模与暂态仿真.电网技术,2005,29(16):1~5
[27] 郑超,周孝信.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电小信号动态建模及其阻尼控制器设计.中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):7~12
[28] 赵成勇,李金丰,李广凯.基于有功和无功独立调节的 VSC-HVDC 控制策略.电力系统自动化,2005,29(5):20~24,30
[29] 梁海峰,李庚银,李广凯,等.向无源网络供电的 VSC-HVDC 系统仿真研究.电网技术,2005,29(8):45~50
[30] 尹明,李庚银,牛同义,等.VSC-HVDC 连续时间状态空间模型及其控制策略研究.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(18):34~39
[31] 张崇巍,张兴.PMW 整流器及其控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.10
[32] 王久和,李华德,王立明.电压型 PWM 整流器直接功率控制系统.中国电机工程学报,2006,26(18):54~60
[33] 王仲鸿,姜齐荣,沈东.关于新型静止无功发生器模型参数及暂态控制模型选择的讨论.电力系统自动化,1999,23(24):43~45
[34] 张桂斌.新型直流输电及其相关技术:[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2001
[35] Gu B,Nam K.A DC-Link capacitor minimization method through direct capacitor current control.IEEE Trans Ind. Appl.,2006,42(2):573~581
[36] Jiang Y,Ekstrom A.Applying PWM to control overcurrents at unbalanced faults of forced-commuted SVCs used as static VAR compensators.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1997,12(1):273~27
[37] 林良真,叶林.电磁暂态分析软件包 PSCAD/EMTDC.电网技术,2000,24(1):65~66
[38] Monan N , Undeland T M . Power electronics converters . application and design.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1995
[39] 单庆晓,胡平旺.EXB841 对 IGBT 的过电流保护.电力电子技术,1998,32(3):85~86
[40] 张平,冯沛.IGBT 应用中的过电流保护.电力电子技术,1996,30(2):58~59
[41] TMS320LF/LC240xA DSP controllers reference guide:System and peripherals. SPRU357A,Texas Instruments,2001
[42] 张新刚,王泽忠.基于过采样技术提高数据采集精度的新方法.电力系统自动化,2004,28(14):58~61
[43] 黄纯,何怡刚,江亚群,等.交流采样同步方法的分析与改进.中国电机工程学报,2002,22(9):38~42
[44] 张凯.轻型直流输电实验系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2005
[45] 刘和平, 严利平, 张学峰,等,TMS320LF240xDSP 结构、原理及应用,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2002,1~2
[46] 何苏勤,王忠勇.TMS320C2000 系列 DSP 原理及实用技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.9:293~315
[47] 肖忠祥主编.数据采集原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001
[48] 何杰.轻型直流输电有功无功独立控制研究及其硬件实现:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2004
[49] 肖忠祥.数据采集原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001
[50] Lu W,Ooi B T.Multiterminal HVDC system for optimal acquisition of power in wind-farm using induction generators.IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2002,17(4):558~563
[51] Lu W,Ooi B T.Optimal acquisition and aggregation of offshore wind power by multiterminal voltage-source HVDC.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2003,18(1):201~206
[2] 戴熙杰.直流输电基础.北京:水利电力出版社,1990
[3] 赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术.北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[4] 刘振亚.特高压电网.北京:中国经济出版社,2005
[5] 李兴源.高压直流输电系统的运行和控制.北京:科学出版社,1998
[6] 倪以信,陈寿孙,张宝霖.动态电力系统的理论和分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[7] 李庚银,吕鹏飞,李广凯,等.轻型高压直流输电技术的发展与展望.电力系统自动化,2003,27(4):77~81
[8] Ooi B T,Wang X.Boost type PWM HVDC transmission system.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1991,6(4):1557~1563
[9] Wang X,Ooi B T.High voltage direct current transmission system based on voltage source converters.In:PESC’90 Record,Vol 1:325~332
[10] Ooi B T,Wang X.Voltage angle lock loop control of the boost type PWM converter for HVDC application.IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,1990,5(2):229~35
[11] Weimers L.HVDC Light: a new technology for a better environment.IEEE Power Engineering Review,1998,18(8):19~20
[12] Zhang G , Xu Z , Shao W . Research on the control and simulation of HVDC?VSC.In:Proc of International Conference on Power System.Wu Han,China:2001
[13] Skytt A K,Holmberg P,Juhlin L E.HVDC Light for connection of wind farms.Second International Workshop on Transmission Networks for off Shore Wind Farms.Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm,Sweden,March 29~30,2001
[14] Eriksson K,Liljegren C,Sobrink K.HVDC Light experiences applicable for power transmission from offshore wind power parks.AIAA-2004-1010.www.abb.com
[15] Axelsson U,Holm A,Liljegren C,Aberg M,et al.The Gotland HVDC Light Project- experiences from trial and commercial operation . CIGRE conference ,Amsterdam,The Netherlands,June 18~21,2001
[16] Eriksson K,Graham J.HVDC Light? -a transmission vehicle with potential for ancillary services.SEPOPE 2000 Curitiba,Brazil,May 2000
[17] Sackey T,Zakhary S Z.Power wheeling through the west African interconnectedsystem.Sixth International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (IEE Conference Publication No.423),Sweden,1996.13~18
[18] Bahrman M P, Johansson J G, Nilsson B A. Voltage source converter transmission technology-the tight fit for the application. www.abb.com
[19] Larsson T, Petersson A, Edris A A, Kidd D.Eagle Pass back-to-back tie:a dual-purpose application of voltage source converter technology.www.abb.com
[20] H?rle N, Maeland A, Eriksson K, Nestli T.Electrical supply for offshore installations made possible by use of VSC technology.CIGRE 2002 Conference,Paris,France,Aug 2002
[21] Axelsson U,Holm A,Liljegren C,et al.Gotland HVDC Light transmission—world’s first commercial small scale DC transmission.CIRED Conference,May 1999,Nice,France
[22] Zhao Z,Iravani M R.Application of GTO voltage source inverter in a hybrid HVDC link.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1994,9(1):369~377
[23] 张桂斌,徐政,王广柱.基于 VSC 的直流输电系统的稳态建模及其非线性控制.中国电机工程学报,2002,22(1):17~22
[24] 胡兆庆,毛承雄,陆继明.一种新的优化协调控制在轻型直流输电中的应用.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(8):41~49
[25] 李国栋,毛承雄,陆继明,等.AC/DC 混合输电系统分散协调控制.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):37~42
[26] 郑超,周孝信,李若梅.电压源换流器式高压直流输电的动态建模与暂态仿真.电网技术,2005,29(16):1~5
[27] 郑超,周孝信.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电小信号动态建模及其阻尼控制器设计.中国电机工程学报,2006,26(2):7~12
[28] 赵成勇,李金丰,李广凯.基于有功和无功独立调节的 VSC-HVDC 控制策略.电力系统自动化,2005,29(5):20~24,30
[29] 梁海峰,李庚银,李广凯,等.向无源网络供电的 VSC-HVDC 系统仿真研究.电网技术,2005,29(8):45~50
[30] 尹明,李庚银,牛同义,等.VSC-HVDC 连续时间状态空间模型及其控制策略研究.中国电机工程学报,2005,25(18):34~39
[31] 张崇巍,张兴.PMW 整流器及其控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.10
[32] 王久和,李华德,王立明.电压型 PWM 整流器直接功率控制系统.中国电机工程学报,2006,26(18):54~60
[33] 王仲鸿,姜齐荣,沈东.关于新型静止无功发生器模型参数及暂态控制模型选择的讨论.电力系统自动化,1999,23(24):43~45
[34] 张桂斌.新型直流输电及其相关技术:[博士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2001
[35] Gu B,Nam K.A DC-Link capacitor minimization method through direct capacitor current control.IEEE Trans Ind. Appl.,2006,42(2):573~581
[36] Jiang Y,Ekstrom A.Applying PWM to control overcurrents at unbalanced faults of forced-commuted SVCs used as static VAR compensators.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1997,12(1):273~27
[37] 林良真,叶林.电磁暂态分析软件包 PSCAD/EMTDC.电网技术,2000,24(1):65~66
[38] Monan N , Undeland T M . Power electronics converters . application and design.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1995
[39] 单庆晓,胡平旺.EXB841 对 IGBT 的过电流保护.电力电子技术,1998,32(3):85~86
[40] 张平,冯沛.IGBT 应用中的过电流保护.电力电子技术,1996,30(2):58~59
[41] TMS320LF/LC240xA DSP controllers reference guide:System and peripherals. SPRU357A,Texas Instruments,2001
[42] 张新刚,王泽忠.基于过采样技术提高数据采集精度的新方法.电力系统自动化,2004,28(14):58~61
[43] 黄纯,何怡刚,江亚群,等.交流采样同步方法的分析与改进.中国电机工程学报,2002,22(9):38~42
[44] 张凯.轻型直流输电实验系统的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2005
[45] 刘和平, 严利平, 张学峰,等,TMS320LF240xDSP 结构、原理及应用,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社.2002,1~2
[46] 何苏勤,王忠勇.TMS320C2000 系列 DSP 原理及实用技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.9:293~315
[47] 肖忠祥主编.数据采集原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001
[48] 何杰.轻型直流输电有功无功独立控制研究及其硬件实现:[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2004
[49] 肖忠祥.数据采集原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,2001
[50] Lu W,Ooi B T.Multiterminal HVDC system for optimal acquisition of power in wind-farm using induction generators.IEEE Trans on Power Electronics,2002,17(4):558~563
[51] Lu W,Ooi B T.Optimal acquisition and aggregation of offshore wind power by multiterminal voltage-source HVDC.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2003,18(1):201~206