基于DSP控制的宽频率输出逆变电源研究与实现
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摘要
随着电力电子技术的发展，变频电源在许多领域内得到了广泛的应用。本文首先对变频电源的核心部件逆变器的脉宽调制技术、瞬时值控制技术和数字化技术作简要说明。分析和比较了现有的三种调制方式的工作过程和频谱并引出其优势的结合体混合脉宽调制。仿真说明了混合脉宽调制方式应用于宽频率输出逆变电源的可行性和优越性。通过逆变系统的小信号建模，设计了闭环参数，并详细分析闭环参数、频率和电压变化对系统的影响，前后级阻抗的匹配关系。系统实现方面介绍了基于DSP的硬件电路工作原理和参数设计、软件实现思想和流程。最后给出的宽频率输出逆变电源原理样机的实验结果，说明系统具有很宽的电压和频率调节范围，同时保证较好波形的输出。
With the development of the electronic technology, the varying frequency power supply is used widely in many fields. Firstly, the PWM (pulse width modulation), the instantaneous control technology and the digital technology of the inverter that is the crucial unit of the varying frequency power supply are introduced in brief in the paper. Through analyzing and comparing the state of the operation and the frequency spectrum of the BPWM (bipolar pulse width modulation), the traditional UPWM (unipolar pulse width modulation) and the frequency-doubling unipolar pulse width modulation. A new HPWM (hybrid pulse width modulation) method is presented, which is the combination of the advantages of all above modulation methods. The feasibility and superiority of HPWM applied in the inverter of wide-frequency output are verified by simulation. Secondly, through establishing the small-signal model, the voltage loop and the current loop are designed. The effect of the loop parameters, varieties of frequency and RMS to the system are analyzed. Through analyzing the matching of the reactance of the line conditioner and the load converter, the coupling of the distributed power system is eliminated. Thirdly, the realization of the inverter of wide-frequency output is presented. On the side of hardware, the design and the operation of the system based on DSP are illustrated in detail. On the side of software, the idea of the program and the flow chart are presented. Finally, the academic analysis is verified by the result of experimentation of the inverter of wide-frequency output sample. The quality of the waveform is insured as the RMS and the frequency are varied widely.
With the development of the electronic technology, the varying frequency power supply is used widely in many fields. Firstly, the PWM (pulse width modulation), the instantaneous control technology and the digital technology of the inverter that is the crucial unit of the varying frequency power supply are introduced in brief in the paper. Through analyzing and comparing the state of the operation and the frequency spectrum of the BPWM (bipolar pulse width modulation), the traditional UPWM (unipolar pulse width modulation) and the frequency-doubling unipolar pulse width modulation. A new HPWM (hybrid pulse width modulation) method is presented, which is the combination of the advantages of all above modulation methods. The feasibility and superiority of HPWM applied in the inverter of wide-frequency output are verified by simulation. Secondly, through establishing the small-signal model, the voltage loop and the current loop are designed. The effect of the loop parameters, varieties of frequency and RMS to the system are analyzed. Through analyzing the matching of the reactance of the line conditioner and the load converter, the coupling of the distributed power system is eliminated. Thirdly, the realization of the inverter of wide-frequency output is presented. On the side of hardware, the design and the operation of the system based on DSP are illustrated in detail. On the side of software, the idea of the program and the flow chart are presented. Finally, the academic analysis is verified by the result of experimentation of the inverter of wide-frequency output sample. The quality of the waveform is insured as the RMS and the frequency are varied widely.
引文
1. R.S. Lai and K.D.T. Ngo, A PWM Method for Reduction of Switching Loss in An Full-bridge Inverter, IEEE Trans.on PE Vol.10,No,3,1995, pp.326～332.
2. Naser M. Abdel-Rahim and John E. Quaicoe, Analysis and Design of a Multiple Feedback Loop Control Strategy for Single-Phase Voltage-Source UPS Inverters, IEEE Trans. on PE Vol. 11, No.4, 1996,532～540.
3. Hongying Wu, Dong Lin, Dehua Zhang and Jinfa Zhang, A Current-mode Control Technique with Instantaneous Inductor-Current Feedback for UPS Inverters, IEEE Trans.on.PE,1999 951-957.
4. Vattche Vorperian, Simplified Analysis of PWM Converters Using Model of PWM Switch Patti And PartⅡ, IEEE Trans on Aerospace and Electronics Systems, Vol, 26, NO.3 May 1990 490-505.
5. Wei tang Fred C. Lee and Raymond B.Ridley Small-Signal Modeling of Average Current-Mode Control, IEEE Trans on PE VOL,8,NO.2,April 1993,pp 112-119.
6. F.A. Huliehel, F.C.Lee, and B.H.Cho, Small-Signal Modeling of Single-Phase Boost High Power Factor Convter with Constant Freqency Control, proceeding of PESC; Toledo, Spain; June 29-July 3,1992;pp 475-782.
7. Byungcho Choi, Sung-Soo Hong, and Hyokil Park, Modeling and Small-Signal Analysis of Controlled On-Time Boost Power-Factor-Correction Circuit, IEEE Trans on IE, VOL,48 February 2001,pp136-142.
8. J.A.Sabate, R.B. Ridly, F.C. Lee and B.H.Cho, Small-Signal Analysis of the Zero-Voltage-Switched, Full bridge PWM Converter Proceeding of HFPC, Santa Clara, CA, May6-11,1990; pp262-272.
9. B.H.Cho, and B. Choi, Analysis and Design of Multi-Stage Distributed Power Systems, Proceeding of VPEC Blackburg,VA;Sept 15-17,1991 ;pp55-62.
10. J.A. Sabate, R.B. Ridley, F.C. Lee and B.H.Cho, Small-Signal Analysis of the Zero-Voltage-Switched, Full-Bridge PWM Converter, Proceedings of HFPC; Santa Clara, CA, May 6-11,1990; pp262-272.
11. R.D.Mddlebrook, Topic in Multiple-Loop Regulators and Current-Mode Programmeing, IEEE Trans on IE, June, 1985,pp716-731.
12. Annette von Jouanne, Prasad N. Enjete and Donald J. Lucas, DSP Control of High-Power UPS Systems Feeding Nonlinear Loads, IEEE Trans on IE,Vol,43,NO.1 1996, pp121-125.
13. P.N.Enjeti et al, "Programmed PWM techniques to eliminate harmonics-A critical evaluation." IEEE IAS Conf.Rec., 1985,pp418-430.
14. Liviu Mihalache, DSP Control Method of Signal-Phase inverter for UPS Application, IEEE Trans on IE, March, 2002, pp590-596.
15．丁道宏，功率电子学，南京航空航天大学，1999
16．胡寿松，自动控制原理，国防工业出版社，1994
17．刘凤君，正弦波逆变器，科学出版社，2002
18．李爱文 张承慧，现代逆变技术及其应用，科学出版社，2000
19．王聪 软开关逆变电路及其应用 机械工业出版社 1993．11
20．李启明 正激直流环节单相和三相软开关静止变流器的研究 南京航空航天大学博士论文2001
21．萧岚 单相和三相软开关静止变流器的研究 南京航空航天大学博士论文1998
22．原魁，刘伟强，变频器基础及应用，冶金工业出版社 1997
23．吴忠志，吴加林，变频器应用手册，机械工业出版社，1993
24．袁长迎，掌握和精通 Mathcad2000，机械工业出版社，2001
25．韩利竹 王华，MATLAB电子仿真与应用，国防工业出版社，2000
26．刘朝晖，徐子闻，TMS320C240／F240数字信号处理数据手册(1-4)，武汉力源电子股份有限公司，1998．6
27．张雄伟，曹铁勇，《DSP芯片的原理与开发应用》，北京，电子工业出版社，2000．9
28．阮新波，严仰光，四桥臂三相逆变器的控制策略，电工技术学报，第15卷第1期，2000年2月
29．陈东华，瞬时值控制逆变器技术研究，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2003
30．陈敏，3KVA三相组合式逆变器的研制，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2002
31．李维琴，1KVA逆变器模块的研究与开发，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2001
32．赵小俭，SPWM高频脉冲直流环节逆变器的研究，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2001
33．刘和平，严丽平等，TMS320LF240X DSP结构、原理及应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
2. Naser M. Abdel-Rahim and John E. Quaicoe, Analysis and Design of a Multiple Feedback Loop Control Strategy for Single-Phase Voltage-Source UPS Inverters, IEEE Trans. on PE Vol. 11, No.4, 1996,532～540.
3. Hongying Wu, Dong Lin, Dehua Zhang and Jinfa Zhang, A Current-mode Control Technique with Instantaneous Inductor-Current Feedback for UPS Inverters, IEEE Trans.on.PE,1999 951-957.
4. Vattche Vorperian, Simplified Analysis of PWM Converters Using Model of PWM Switch Patti And PartⅡ, IEEE Trans on Aerospace and Electronics Systems, Vol, 26, NO.3 May 1990 490-505.
5. Wei tang Fred C. Lee and Raymond B.Ridley Small-Signal Modeling of Average Current-Mode Control, IEEE Trans on PE VOL,8,NO.2,April 1993,pp 112-119.
6. F.A. Huliehel, F.C.Lee, and B.H.Cho, Small-Signal Modeling of Single-Phase Boost High Power Factor Convter with Constant Freqency Control, proceeding of PESC; Toledo, Spain; June 29-July 3,1992;pp 475-782.
7. Byungcho Choi, Sung-Soo Hong, and Hyokil Park, Modeling and Small-Signal Analysis of Controlled On-Time Boost Power-Factor-Correction Circuit, IEEE Trans on IE, VOL,48 February 2001,pp136-142.
8. J.A.Sabate, R.B. Ridly, F.C. Lee and B.H.Cho, Small-Signal Analysis of the Zero-Voltage-Switched, Full bridge PWM Converter Proceeding of HFPC, Santa Clara, CA, May6-11,1990; pp262-272.
9. B.H.Cho, and B. Choi, Analysis and Design of Multi-Stage Distributed Power Systems, Proceeding of VPEC Blackburg,VA;Sept 15-17,1991 ;pp55-62.
10. J.A. Sabate, R.B. Ridley, F.C. Lee and B.H.Cho, Small-Signal Analysis of the Zero-Voltage-Switched, Full-Bridge PWM Converter, Proceedings of HFPC; Santa Clara, CA, May 6-11,1990; pp262-272.
11. R.D.Mddlebrook, Topic in Multiple-Loop Regulators and Current-Mode Programmeing, IEEE Trans on IE, June, 1985,pp716-731.
12. Annette von Jouanne, Prasad N. Enjete and Donald J. Lucas, DSP Control of High-Power UPS Systems Feeding Nonlinear Loads, IEEE Trans on IE,Vol,43,NO.1 1996, pp121-125.
13. P.N.Enjeti et al, "Programmed PWM techniques to eliminate harmonics-A critical evaluation." IEEE IAS Conf.Rec., 1985,pp418-430.
14. Liviu Mihalache, DSP Control Method of Signal-Phase inverter for UPS Application, IEEE Trans on IE, March, 2002, pp590-596.
15．丁道宏，功率电子学，南京航空航天大学，1999
16．胡寿松，自动控制原理，国防工业出版社，1994
17．刘凤君，正弦波逆变器，科学出版社，2002
18．李爱文 张承慧，现代逆变技术及其应用，科学出版社，2000
19．王聪 软开关逆变电路及其应用 机械工业出版社 1993．11
20．李启明 正激直流环节单相和三相软开关静止变流器的研究 南京航空航天大学博士论文2001
21．萧岚 单相和三相软开关静止变流器的研究 南京航空航天大学博士论文1998
22．原魁，刘伟强，变频器基础及应用，冶金工业出版社 1997
23．吴忠志，吴加林，变频器应用手册，机械工业出版社，1993
24．袁长迎，掌握和精通 Mathcad2000，机械工业出版社，2001
25．韩利竹 王华，MATLAB电子仿真与应用，国防工业出版社，2000
26．刘朝晖，徐子闻，TMS320C240／F240数字信号处理数据手册(1-4)，武汉力源电子股份有限公司，1998．6
27．张雄伟，曹铁勇，《DSP芯片的原理与开发应用》，北京，电子工业出版社，2000．9
28．阮新波，严仰光，四桥臂三相逆变器的控制策略，电工技术学报，第15卷第1期，2000年2月
29．陈东华，瞬时值控制逆变器技术研究，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2003
30．陈敏，3KVA三相组合式逆变器的研制，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2002
31．李维琴，1KVA逆变器模块的研究与开发，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2001
32．赵小俭，SPWM高频脉冲直流环节逆变器的研究，南京航空航天大学工学硕士论文，2001
33．刘和平，严丽平等，TMS320LF240X DSP结构、原理及应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，2002