200MW机组锅炉烟气脱氮技术研究
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摘要
燃煤电厂污染物NO_X的排放日益严重地影响着环境、气候和人类的健康,解决电站锅炉NO_X排放对环境的影响,已成为一个重要问题。本论文系统阐述了已有氮氧化物的控制技术,并对其技术经济特性进行了相应地分析,进而针对北京国华热电厂锅炉的脱氮改造方案进行了一系列的研究。该厂首先通过主燃区低NOx燃烧器燃料再燃、低氧分级燃烧的燃烧手段控制炉膛燃烧生成的NO_x浓度小于350 mg/m~3,继而在炉膛上部区域喷入一定量的尿素溶液溶液还原NO,进一步降低锅炉NO_x排放浓度至200 mg/m~3,在此基础上提出了SCR烟气脱硝技术改造方案,分析了SCR催化剂、SCR安装位置、投资运行成本及锅炉热力计算等方面因素对NOX排放的影响规律,研究结果表明方案实施后能达到降低NO_X排放的要求。
Pollutant NOX emission is an increasing threat to environment and human health, so solving the environment pollution problem of NO_X emission from power plant boiler has became an urgent problem. A systematic description is given of existing NO_X control technology and its technology and economic characteristics in this paper. On this basis, this text has made a series of research aiming at the nitrogen removal of boiler in Guohua Thermal Power Plant, Beijing. First, the NO_X emission is reduced to about 350mg/Nm~3 through Fuel Reburning and Air Staged Combustion of Low-NO_x Burners, and then by the technology of SNCR, the NO_X emission is reduced to about 200mg/Nm~3, next it proposed the innovation scheme of SCR DeNO_X technology, analyzing the influence regulation of such factors as SCR catalyst, installation position, investment operating cost and thermal calculation of boiler on NO_X emission. The results show that the innovation scheme can reach the standard of NO_X emission.
Pollutant NOX emission is an increasing threat to environment and human health, so solving the environment pollution problem of NO_X emission from power plant boiler has became an urgent problem. A systematic description is given of existing NO_X control technology and its technology and economic characteristics in this paper. On this basis, this text has made a series of research aiming at the nitrogen removal of boiler in Guohua Thermal Power Plant, Beijing. First, the NO_X emission is reduced to about 350mg/Nm~3 through Fuel Reburning and Air Staged Combustion of Low-NO_x Burners, and then by the technology of SNCR, the NO_X emission is reduced to about 200mg/Nm~3, next it proposed the innovation scheme of SCR DeNO_X technology, analyzing the influence regulation of such factors as SCR catalyst, installation position, investment operating cost and thermal calculation of boiler on NO_X emission. The results show that the innovation scheme can reach the standard of NO_X emission.
引文
[1]王方群,杜云贵,刘艺,王小敏.国内燃煤电厂烟气脱硝发展现状及建议.研究进展.2007,1:18-22.
[2]董建勋.燃煤电厂SCR烟气脱硝试验研究及数学模型建立:[博士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2007
[3]曾汉才,姚斌,程俊峰等.关于我国大型锅炉NOx排放评价及其排放标准修订的建议,锅炉制造,2001,(4):1～4,7
[4]邱广明,宁占武,兰学军,闫志勇.烟气脱硫脱硝技术的回顾与综合利用.内蒙古电力技术.2000,18(5):8-10.
[5]马垠.中国燃煤电厂烟气脱硝工艺的选择[硕士学位论文].华北电力大学.2005.
[6]王振宇.燃煤电厂的除尘、脱硫、脱硝技术.环境保护科学.2005,31(127):4-7.
[7]王雷等.半干法烟气脱硫工艺探讨及进展[J].锅炉技术.2005,36(1):70-74.
[8]孙卫民.烟气循环流化床脱硫工艺的技术经济分析[J].电力环境保护.2003,19(4):43-46.
[9]瑾.Pahlman烟气脱硫脱硝工艺[J].硫酸工业.2002, 35(4): 39-40.
[10]党民团.烟气脱硫脱硝研究进展[J].渭南师范学院学报.2006,21(5):48-49.
[11]吴阿峰,李明伟,黄涛,谭灿燊.烟气脱硝技术及其技术经济分析.中国电力.2006,39(11):71-75
[12]黄建军,路达,赵毅.氮氧化物催化还原技术在火电厂的应用研究.电力情报.2002,(3) :27-29.
[13]毛健雄,毛健全等.煤的清洁燃烧[M].北京:科学出版社,1998
[14]Valdes-Solis T,Marban G,Fuertes A B. Low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3 over carbon-ceramic supported catalysts [J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2003,46(2):261-271.
[15]管一明,张伯溪,关越.选择性非催化还原法烟气脱氮氧化物工艺[J].电力环境保护.2006,22(4):15-19
[16]吴阿峰.700MW电厂烟气脱硝技术的技术经济分析及NOx生成模拟:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学动力工程学院,2006
[17]邓永强,胡将军,邓永华,侯付彬.高尘区选择性催化还原法的主要影响因素分析.电力环境保护.2004.20(3).pp28-30
[18]刘今.发电厂烟气脱硝技术-SCR法.江苏电机工程.1996.15(1).pp51-56
[19]管一明,胡宇峰.火电厂高飞灰布置SCR系统的主要组成和设备.电力环境保护.2004.20(4).Pp25-27
[20]邓永华,邓永强.火电厂高尘区选择性催化还原工艺的优化运行.江西电力.2005.28(1).pp16-18
[21]宣小平,姚强,岳长涛,李术元.选择性催化还原法脱硝研究进展.煤炭转化.2002.25(3).pp26-31
[22]钟秦.燃煤烟气脱硫脱硝技术及工程实例.北京.化学工业出版社..2002年4月.pp284-287
[23][日]新井纪男.燃烧生成物的发生和抑制技术(赵黛青,赵哲石,等).北京:科学出版社,2001.527～534
[24]苏亚欣,毛玉茹,徐璋.燃煤氮氧化物排放控制技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[25]钟秦.燃煤烟气脱硫脱硝技术及工程实例.北京.化学工业出版社..2002年4月.pp346-349
[26]Forzatti P. Present status and perspectivesin de-NOx SCR catalysis[J] .Applied Catalysis A: General, 2001, 222 (1-2) :221-236.
[27]Pasel J,Kapner P,Montanari B,et al. Transition metal oxides sup-ported on active carbons as lowtemperature catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3[J].Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 1998, 18 (3-4) :199-213.
[28]贾双燕,路涛,李晓芸,等.选择性催化还原烟气脱硝技术及其在我国的应用研究[J].电力环境保护,2004(1):19-21.
[29] Garcia-Bordeje E,Calvillo L,Lazaro MJ,et al. Vanadiumsupported on carbon-coated monolithsfor the SCR of NO at lowtemperature: effect of pore structure[J] .Applied Catalysis B: Environmetal, 2004, 50 (4) :235-242 .
[30]中国电力投资集团公司.中国燃煤电站脱硫和脱硝技术现状与发展[A].2004年学术年会电力分会场暨中国电机工程学会论文集[C].2004.
[31]Cost estimates for sected applications of NOx control technologies on stationary combustion boilers, draft report and responses to comments on the draft report[R].Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Cadmus Group, Inc., and Bechtel Power Corpora-tion.1997.
[32] Kleemann M, Elsener M, Koebel M, Wokaun A. Investigation of the ammonia adsorption on monolithic SCR catalysts by transient response analysis .Applied Catalysis B, 2000, 27:231-242 .
[33]路涛,贾双燕,李晓芸.关于烟气脱硝的SNCR工艺及其技术经济分析[J].现代电力.2004.21(1):17-22.
[34] Valdes-Solis T, Marban G, Fuertes AB. Low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3 over carbon-ceramic cellular monolith-supported manganese oxides [J]. Catalysis Today, 2001,69(1-4):259-264 .
[35] Li Yuejin, Armor J N. Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with Methane over Metal Exchanged Zeolites .Applied Catalysis B, 1993, (2): 239.
[2]董建勋.燃煤电厂SCR烟气脱硝试验研究及数学模型建立:[博士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2007
[3]曾汉才,姚斌,程俊峰等.关于我国大型锅炉NOx排放评价及其排放标准修订的建议,锅炉制造,2001,(4):1～4,7
[4]邱广明,宁占武,兰学军,闫志勇.烟气脱硫脱硝技术的回顾与综合利用.内蒙古电力技术.2000,18(5):8-10.
[5]马垠.中国燃煤电厂烟气脱硝工艺的选择[硕士学位论文].华北电力大学.2005.
[6]王振宇.燃煤电厂的除尘、脱硫、脱硝技术.环境保护科学.2005,31(127):4-7.
[7]王雷等.半干法烟气脱硫工艺探讨及进展[J].锅炉技术.2005,36(1):70-74.
[8]孙卫民.烟气循环流化床脱硫工艺的技术经济分析[J].电力环境保护.2003,19(4):43-46.
[9]瑾.Pahlman烟气脱硫脱硝工艺[J].硫酸工业.2002, 35(4): 39-40.
[10]党民团.烟气脱硫脱硝研究进展[J].渭南师范学院学报.2006,21(5):48-49.
[11]吴阿峰,李明伟,黄涛,谭灿燊.烟气脱硝技术及其技术经济分析.中国电力.2006,39(11):71-75
[12]黄建军,路达,赵毅.氮氧化物催化还原技术在火电厂的应用研究.电力情报.2002,(3) :27-29.
[13]毛健雄,毛健全等.煤的清洁燃烧[M].北京:科学出版社,1998
[14]Valdes-Solis T,Marban G,Fuertes A B. Low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3 over carbon-ceramic supported catalysts [J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2003,46(2):261-271.
[15]管一明,张伯溪,关越.选择性非催化还原法烟气脱氮氧化物工艺[J].电力环境保护.2006,22(4):15-19
[16]吴阿峰.700MW电厂烟气脱硝技术的技术经济分析及NOx生成模拟:[硕士学位论文].重庆:重庆大学动力工程学院,2006
[17]邓永强,胡将军,邓永华,侯付彬.高尘区选择性催化还原法的主要影响因素分析.电力环境保护.2004.20(3).pp28-30
[18]刘今.发电厂烟气脱硝技术-SCR法.江苏电机工程.1996.15(1).pp51-56
[19]管一明,胡宇峰.火电厂高飞灰布置SCR系统的主要组成和设备.电力环境保护.2004.20(4).Pp25-27
[20]邓永华,邓永强.火电厂高尘区选择性催化还原工艺的优化运行.江西电力.2005.28(1).pp16-18
[21]宣小平,姚强,岳长涛,李术元.选择性催化还原法脱硝研究进展.煤炭转化.2002.25(3).pp26-31
[22]钟秦.燃煤烟气脱硫脱硝技术及工程实例.北京.化学工业出版社..2002年4月.pp284-287
[23][日]新井纪男.燃烧生成物的发生和抑制技术(赵黛青,赵哲石,等).北京:科学出版社,2001.527～534
[24]苏亚欣,毛玉茹,徐璋.燃煤氮氧化物排放控制技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[25]钟秦.燃煤烟气脱硫脱硝技术及工程实例.北京.化学工业出版社..2002年4月.pp346-349
[26]Forzatti P. Present status and perspectivesin de-NOx SCR catalysis[J] .Applied Catalysis A: General, 2001, 222 (1-2) :221-236.
[27]Pasel J,Kapner P,Montanari B,et al. Transition metal oxides sup-ported on active carbons as lowtemperature catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3[J].Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 1998, 18 (3-4) :199-213.
[28]贾双燕,路涛,李晓芸,等.选择性催化还原烟气脱硝技术及其在我国的应用研究[J].电力环境保护,2004(1):19-21.
[29] Garcia-Bordeje E,Calvillo L,Lazaro MJ,et al. Vanadiumsupported on carbon-coated monolithsfor the SCR of NO at lowtemperature: effect of pore structure[J] .Applied Catalysis B: Environmetal, 2004, 50 (4) :235-242 .
[30]中国电力投资集团公司.中国燃煤电站脱硫和脱硝技术现状与发展[A].2004年学术年会电力分会场暨中国电机工程学会论文集[C].2004.
[31]Cost estimates for sected applications of NOx control technologies on stationary combustion boilers, draft report and responses to comments on the draft report[R].Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Cadmus Group, Inc., and Bechtel Power Corpora-tion.1997.
[32] Kleemann M, Elsener M, Koebel M, Wokaun A. Investigation of the ammonia adsorption on monolithic SCR catalysts by transient response analysis .Applied Catalysis B, 2000, 27:231-242 .
[33]路涛,贾双燕,李晓芸.关于烟气脱硝的SNCR工艺及其技术经济分析[J].现代电力.2004.21(1):17-22.
[34] Valdes-Solis T, Marban G, Fuertes AB. Low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3 over carbon-ceramic cellular monolith-supported manganese oxides [J]. Catalysis Today, 2001,69(1-4):259-264 .
[35] Li Yuejin, Armor J N. Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with Methane over Metal Exchanged Zeolites .Applied Catalysis B, 1993, (2): 239.