基于BP神经网络的同步发电机自适应励磁控制器的设计和仿真研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本文对线性最优、非线性最优和直接反馈线性化等励磁控制方法进行了深入分析。发现它们有一个共同点就是如何把状态方程A、B矩阵线性化,再利用线性最优控制理论求出最优控制规律。
     本文提出一种线性自适应励磁控制器,它不谋求将A、B矩阵线性化,而是使A、B矩阵非线性元素随运行方式而变化。对某一运行方式而言,A、B矩阵是已知常数矩阵,可利用线性最优控制理论求出最优控制规律,但根据运行工况的变化在线自适应求解最优控制规律是困难的。本文将神经网络和线性最优控制方法结合起来试图解决这个难题。利用各种运行方式下有功功率(P_e)、无功功率(Q_e)和发电机端电压(U_G)的组合作为神经网络输入;针对特定的网络结构和运行方式求解线性最优反馈增益作为神经网络的教师值。利用大量样本离线训练神经网络,使用中只要输入当前运行方式P_e、Q_e和U_G值,神经网络便输出相应的最优反馈增益。同时考虑到线性最优控制在一定范围内的阻尼特性和连续调节增益带来的干扰,设计中检测状态量的变化大小决定是否启动神经网络控制器。仿真结果表明,这种新型励磁控制器与LOEC
    
     广西大学硕士学位论文
     相比,在稳态电压调节精度和系统动态特性等方面有明显的提高。
     此外,本文对即神经网络结构、各种算法及收敛性作了深入
     研究,对如何利用MATLA日的5 1 mpowersystem进行仿真进行了深
     入探讨。
This paper gives a thorough research on different excitation control methods such as linear or nonlinear optimal excitation control and direct feedback linear excitation control. A common ground was found: to linearize the matrix of A?B in the state equation in different ways and seek for the optional control laws through linear optimal control theory.
    This paper designed out a linear adaptive excitation controller. It doesn't linearize the matrix of A and B, but make the nonlinear elements change with the operating condition. As for a given condition, the matrix is constant. Although the control laws can be worked out from linear optimal control theory, it is difficult in the real time. This paper combines ANN with linear optimal control theory to solve this problem. Active power Pe, reactive power Qe and the end voltage of the generator
    
    
    U are used as the inputs of ANN; the optimal feedback gains from the Riccati equation are used as teachers. After trained offline, the ANN can output the optimal gains according to the operating condition, the simulation result shows, this controller has better voltage regulation precision and dynamic characteristic than LOEC.
    Besides, this paper makes some researches on the structure? training algorithm and convergence of BP neural network and also gives a embedded discuss about how to simulate the power system with the software of MATLAB/SimPowerSystem.
引文
[1]袁季修,电力系统安全稳定控制,北京:中国电力出版社,1996
    [2]余贻鑫,陈礼义,电力系统的安全何稳定性,北京:科学技术出版社,1988
    [3]电力系统稳定性专门委员会【日】,蒋建民译,电力系统稳定性问题与对策,北京:水利电力出版社,1994
    [4]朱振青,励磁控制与电力系统稳定,北京:水利电力出版社,1994
    [5]郭培源,电力系统自动控制新技术,北京:科学出版社,2001
    [6]戴克健,同步发电机励磁及其控制,北京:水利电力出版社,1988
    [7]杨冠成主编,电力系统自动装置原理,北京:水利电力出版社,1998
    [8]孙雅明,电力系统自动控制装置,北京:水利电力出版社,1990
    [9]王晓玲,常林译,同步发电机的励磁调节,北京:中国电力出版社,2000
    [10]刘忠源,同步发电机可控硅励磁系统,北京:水利电力出版社,1992
    [11]丁尔谋,发电厂励磁调节,北京:中国电力出版社,1998
    [12]河南省电力工业局编,火电厂继电保护及自动装置,北京:中国电力出版社,1995
    [13]能源部西北电力设计院,电力工程电气设计手册(电气二次部分)2,北京:中国电力出版社,1990
    [14]许和平,胡嘉纯,WLT-2型多微机励磁调节器的设计与原理,电力系统自动化,1989,Vol.13(No.2):46-51
    [15]V.Arcidiacono, S.Corsi, G.Ottaviani et.al, The ENEL's Experience on the Evolution of Excitation Control System through Microprocessor Technology, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1998, Vol.13 (No.3): 292-298
    [16]MEC系列微机励磁控制器技术说明书,能达通用电气公司,1996年
    [17]中华人民共和国电力行业标准,大型汽轮发电机自并励静止励磁系统技术条件,1998
    [18]卢强,王仲鸿,韩英铎,输电系统最优控制,北京:科学出版社,1982.
    [19]卢强,孙元章,电力系统非线性控制,北京:科学出版社,1993
    [20]刘增煌,同步发电机励磁控制的任务及其设计思想比较,电网技术,1999,23(8):6~9
    [21]黄顺礼,国际典型的电力系统稳定器(PSS),水电厂自动化,2002,增刊:29~32
    [22]孙元章,卢强,高景德,一种新型多变量PID励磁调节器,中国电机工程学
    
    报,1999,11(8)
    [23]Demello F P,Concordia C.Concepts of Synchronous Machine Stability as Effected by Excitation Control.IEEE Trans,1969,PAS—88(6)
    [24]韩英铎,谢小荣,崔文进,同步发电机励磁控制研究的现状与走向,清华大学学报(自然科学版),2001,41(4/5):142~146
    [25]Yu Yaonan, Vongsurlya K, Wedman L N, Application of an Optimal Control Theory to a Power System, IEEE Transaction on Power Apparatus and Systems, 1970,Vol.PAS-89:55-62
    [26]余耀南,动态电力系统,北京:水利电力出版社,1985
    [27]常鲜戎,张晓彬,盼云江等,积分型线性最优励磁控制设计,电力系统自动化,1996,20(2):13~17
    [28]李啸骢,黄守盟,发电机励磁调节器的抗扰最优设计,长沙水电师院自然科学学报,1994,9(1):53~61
    [29]马景兰,朱维新,电力系统非线性奇异现象的研究,电力系统及自动化学报,2002,14(2):2~7
    [30]WANGYouyi,GUOGuoxiao,HillDJ. Nonlinear decentralized coordinated control for multimachine power systems, IEEE Proceedings of 1995 International Conference on Energy Managementand Power Delivery[C].NewYork,USA:IEEENewYork, 1995,102107.
    [31]孙元章,黎雄,卢强,应用零动态方法设计发电机励磁控制器,电力系统自动化,1995,19(11):5~12
    [32]颜伟,吴文胜,华智明,SSSC非线性控制的直接反馈线性化方法,中国电机工程学报 2003,23(3):65~68
    [33]马幼捷,周雪松,迟正刚,多机系统中SVC与发电机励磁协调非线性控制器的设计,青岛大学学报.1996,11(1):1~6
    [34]马幼捷,周雪松,基于直接反馈线性化理论的微机非线性励磁控制器,控制理论与应用.1997,14(6):857~861
    [35]Y.Wang,G.Guo, ROUBST NONLINEAR CONTROLLER WITH VOLTAGE REGULATION,电力系统自动化,2001,25(3):23~29
    [36]刘筱毅,两种非线性系统反馈线性化方法的比较研究,北京机械工业学院学报,1999,14(4):14~19
    [37]梁志珊,张化光,潘凯岩等,电力系统非线性励磁控制器设计,东北电力学院学
    
    报,1998,18(9):7~13
    [38]高龙,Hill D J,王幼毅 等,非线性系统的DFL及隐动态 清华大学学报(自然科学版),1996,36(9):1-8
    [39]CAOYijia,JIANGLin,CHENGShijie,etal.A nonlinear variable structure power systems tabilizer for power system stability.IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1994, 9(3): 489495.
    [40]OhtsukaK,TaniguchiT,SatoT,etal.A H_∞ optimal theory-based generator control system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1992,7(1):108115.
    [41]AhmedSS,ChenL,PetroianuA.Design of suboptimal Hexcitation controllers. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1996,11(1):312318
    [42]LawKT,HillDJ,GodfreyNR. Robust coordinated AVR/PSS design. IEEE Transactions on PowerSystems,1994,9(3):12181225.
    [43]MaoC,FanJ,MalikOP,etal.Studies of real-time adaptive optimal excitation controller and adaptive optimal power system stabilizer. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1992, 7(3):598605.
    [44]范澍,毛承雄,陆继明,基于在线辨识的实时最优励磁控制器,电力系统自动化.2001,25(13):16~20
    [45]丘昌涛,王艳春,电力系统微机自适应最佳励磁控制器的研究,大电机技术,1991,NO4.
    [46]谢小荣,崔文进等,一种非线性自适应最优励磁控制器的设计,电力系统自动化,2001,25(3):50~54
    [47]李鹏,刘明波,基于神经网络的模型跟踪自校正励磁控制,电力系统自动化,1997,21(1):53-57
    [48]陆翔,戴先中,张腾等,多目标励磁控制的神经网络逆系统方法,电力系统自动化,2002,26(12):35-39
    [49]Derrick H Nguyen,Bernard Widrow Neural Neworks for self-tuning control system INT J control, 1991,54(6):1439-1451
    [50]MaoChengxiong,MalikOP,HopeGS,etal.An adaptive generator excitation controller based onlinear optimal control.IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1990,5(4):673678.
    [51]JainS, KhorramiF, FardaneshB. Adaptive nonlinear excitation control of power systems
    
    with unknown interconnections. IEEE Transactionson Control Systems Technology,1994,2(4):436446.
    [52]孙培岩,高涛,高希彦,预测、去耦、智能模糊控制理论,大连理工大学学报,1996,36(5):543~546
    [53]高峰,张丽,基于模糊推理的模糊自适应励磁控制器,云南电力技术,1997,25(3):68~73
    [54]HiyamaT,UekiY,AndouH.Integrated fuzzy logic generator controller forstability enhancement. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1997,12(4):400406.
    [55]ZhangY,MalikOP,ChenGP. Artificial neural network power system stabilizer sinmulti-machine power system environment.IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1995,10(1):147155.
    [56]AbidoMA,Abdel-MagidYL.Hybridizing rule-based power system stabilizers with genetical gorithms.IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems,1999,14(2):600607.
    [57]AbidoMA,Abdel-MagidYL.A hybridneuro-fuzzy power system stabilizer for multimachine power systems.IEEETransactionsonPowerSystems, 1998,13(4):13231330.
    [58]韩英铎,王仲鸿,陈淮金,电力系统最优分散协调控制,北京:清华大学出版社,1997.
    [59]谢小荣,多机电力系统中励磁与STATCOM的非线性协调控制,北京:清华大学,2000
    [60]刁士亮,柳中莲,同步发电机组模型与电力系统稳定性分析,华南理工大学出版社,1989
    [61]中国电机工程学会,励磁系统数学模型专家组,计算电力系统稳定用的励磁系统数学模型,中国电机工程学报,1991,9 11(5):65-71
    [62]邹伯敏,自动控制理论,北京:机械工业出版社,1999,10
    [63]刘豹主编,现代控制理论,北京:机械工业出版社,2000,5
    [64]胡寿松主编,自动控制原理,北京:国防工业出版社,1994
    [65]何仰赞,温增银,汪馥英等,电力系统分析(上、下),华中理工大学出版社,1995
    [66]张江滨,李兴峰,基于最优特征值配置理论设计的电力系统励磁控制器,西安理工大学学报.2001,17(4):356~360
    [67]阎平凡,张长水,人工神经网络与模拟进化计算,北京:清华大学出版社,2000
    [68]焦李成,神经网络系统理论,西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1992
    [69]程相君,神经网络原理及其应用,北京:国防工业出版社,1995
    [70]胡守仁,神经网络导论,长沙:国防科技大学出版社,1993
    
    
    [71]行峻,郑军里,人工神经网络,高等教育出版社,1992
    [72]Neural Network Toolbox User's Guide The Mathworks, Inc. Junel 8, 2002
    [73]何玉彬,李新忠,神经网络控制技术及其应用,北京:科学技术出版社,2000
    [74]王科俊,王克成,神经网络建模、预报与控制,哈尔滨工程技术大学出版社,1996
    [75]管霖,程时杰,陈德树,适用于控制型神经网络德快速学习算法,华中理工大学学报,1995,23(4):29-33
    [76]Marzuki K.A neural network controller for a temperature control system. IEEE CSM, 1992,12(3):58-64
    [77]Toolbox User's Guide The Mathworks, Inc. Junel 8, 2002
    [78]SimPowerSystems User's Guide The Mathworks, Inc. June18, 2002

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700