基于ARM的嵌入式远程图像监控系统的研究
|
摘要
随着Internet技术的飞速发展和图形图像技术特别是图像编解码技术的日益成熟,使得基于传统PC机的多媒体网络化图像监控系统已成为现实,但其体积大,成本高,功耗高,对监控现场的要求高等特点也制约着它的应用。随着嵌入式技术的进一步发展以及人们对降低监控系统成本和提高可靠性的迫切要求,基于嵌入式系统的网络远程监控将成为新的研发热点。基于ARM的嵌入式的远程图像监控系统正是投入到这一热点,它充分结合了Internet网络的广泛性和嵌入式系统针对具体应用软硬件可裁减的产品特征,具有很强的实用性,正成为监控系统行业的生力军。它以其直观、方便、信息内容丰富而被广泛应用于电信、电力、银行、交通等众多场合。
本文所设计的监控系统作为服务端的是嵌入式Linux系统平台,它采用ARM内核的S3C2410芯片作为处理器,利用数字摄像头采集图像,再经JPEG压缩编码存储图像数据,服务器程序在平台上运行,等待监控系统环境中客户机使用浏览器发送的访问请求,服务器的CGI程序处理请求信息并返回结果给浏览器,可实现客户机浏览器通过网络访问嵌入式平台中制作的主页,并接收到图像数据进行显示。
本文首先介绍了嵌入式系统开发的特点,接着简要说明了系统的实现方案。在此基础上,把系统设计分为硬件设计和软件设计两大部分。硬件部分重点论述了S3C2410处理器与存储器和网络控制器芯片的接口设计问题。软件部分首先讨论了嵌入式Linux的构建问题,接着介绍了如何利用Video4 Linux API函数实现图像采集问题,重点论述了根据嵌入式系统平台的特点如何实现图像的JPEG编码算法的问题,然后针对基于B/S模式的网络监控系统结构,详细阐述了网络通信的具体实现过程和方法,着重提到了嵌入WEB服务器的构建和CGI程序的原理及编写。
最后通过实验结果显示,达到了本课题预定的目标,实现了利用局域网或Internet网对远程图像进行监控的功能。
With the rapid development of Internet technology and the increasing mature development of graphics and image technology especially video codec technology, the multimedia network monitor and control system based on traditional PC has already turned into reality,but its large size and high cost,high power consumption,high demand on monitoring the scene also restrict its application. Now under the development of embedded system technology and the urgent requirement reducing system cost and improving system reliability, the network remote monitor and control system will become new research focus.Embedded remote image monitor and control system based on ARM is put into this hot,it folly integrate the breath of internet network and the cut features of hardware and software in embedded system, with its strong practicability it's becoming the new force of monitoring system industry.With its intuitive, convenient, rich information and are widely used in telecommunications, power, banking, transportation, and other occasions.
In this paper,the web server program runs under the embedded Linux system platform,it adopts ARM-kernel S3C2410 as its CPU,use digital camera to gather image, store image data after JPEG compression,waiting the client using the browser sent the request to visit in monitoring environment, Server CGI procedures deal with the request information and return results to the browser,by client browser can visit home page in the embedded platform,and to receive image data show. Firstly, this paper introduces characteristic of the embedded system development then briefly presents the system's realization scheme.Based on this, the whole system design is divided into hardware design and software design two parts. In hardware design part, explains especially the interface of S3C2410 CPU chip with memory and network controller chip. In software design part, firstly discusses the issue of the construction of the embedded Linux,and then introduces how to use Video4Linux API functions to realize image gathering under embedded Linux.,focuses on how to realize JPEG encoding arithmetic on the basis of the characteristic of the hardware platform. Then aiming at the network monitor and control system structure based on B/S mode, elaborates the concrete realization course and way of network communication and highlights the building of embedded WEB Server and CGI programs principle ,and how to program. Finally, experiment result shows that the system realizes the function of remote monitor and control in LAN or INTERNET and reaches the predetermined target.
本文所设计的监控系统作为服务端的是嵌入式Linux系统平台,它采用ARM内核的S3C2410芯片作为处理器,利用数字摄像头采集图像,再经JPEG压缩编码存储图像数据,服务器程序在平台上运行,等待监控系统环境中客户机使用浏览器发送的访问请求,服务器的CGI程序处理请求信息并返回结果给浏览器,可实现客户机浏览器通过网络访问嵌入式平台中制作的主页,并接收到图像数据进行显示。
本文首先介绍了嵌入式系统开发的特点,接着简要说明了系统的实现方案。在此基础上,把系统设计分为硬件设计和软件设计两大部分。硬件部分重点论述了S3C2410处理器与存储器和网络控制器芯片的接口设计问题。软件部分首先讨论了嵌入式Linux的构建问题,接着介绍了如何利用Video4 Linux API函数实现图像采集问题,重点论述了根据嵌入式系统平台的特点如何实现图像的JPEG编码算法的问题,然后针对基于B/S模式的网络监控系统结构,详细阐述了网络通信的具体实现过程和方法,着重提到了嵌入WEB服务器的构建和CGI程序的原理及编写。
最后通过实验结果显示,达到了本课题预定的目标,实现了利用局域网或Internet网对远程图像进行监控的功能。
With the rapid development of Internet technology and the increasing mature development of graphics and image technology especially video codec technology, the multimedia network monitor and control system based on traditional PC has already turned into reality,but its large size and high cost,high power consumption,high demand on monitoring the scene also restrict its application. Now under the development of embedded system technology and the urgent requirement reducing system cost and improving system reliability, the network remote monitor and control system will become new research focus.Embedded remote image monitor and control system based on ARM is put into this hot,it folly integrate the breath of internet network and the cut features of hardware and software in embedded system, with its strong practicability it's becoming the new force of monitoring system industry.With its intuitive, convenient, rich information and are widely used in telecommunications, power, banking, transportation, and other occasions.
In this paper,the web server program runs under the embedded Linux system platform,it adopts ARM-kernel S3C2410 as its CPU,use digital camera to gather image, store image data after JPEG compression,waiting the client using the browser sent the request to visit in monitoring environment, Server CGI procedures deal with the request information and return results to the browser,by client browser can visit home page in the embedded platform,and to receive image data show. Firstly, this paper introduces characteristic of the embedded system development then briefly presents the system's realization scheme.Based on this, the whole system design is divided into hardware design and software design two parts. In hardware design part, explains especially the interface of S3C2410 CPU chip with memory and network controller chip. In software design part, firstly discusses the issue of the construction of the embedded Linux,and then introduces how to use Video4Linux API functions to realize image gathering under embedded Linux.,focuses on how to realize JPEG encoding arithmetic on the basis of the characteristic of the hardware platform. Then aiming at the network monitor and control system structure based on B/S mode, elaborates the concrete realization course and way of network communication and highlights the building of embedded WEB Server and CGI programs principle ,and how to program. Finally, experiment result shows that the system realizes the function of remote monitor and control in LAN or INTERNET and reaches the predetermined target.
引文
[1]王田苗编著.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发—基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统(第2版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[2]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统基础教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[3]吴明晖编著.基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[4]桑楠编著.嵌入式系统原理及应用开发技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[5]邹思轶编著.嵌入式LINUX设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[6]李善平,刘文峰编著.Linux与嵌入式系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[7]Arnold S.Berger.Embedded Systems Design:An Introduction to Processes,Tools,and Techniques,2002
[8]怀石工作室编著.Linux上的C编程[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[9]孙天泽,袁文菊,张海峰编著.嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南—基于ARM9处理器[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[10]ARM.ARM920T Data Sheet
[11]SAMSUNG.S3C2410 Data Sheet
[12]杜春雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[13]Steve Furber.ARM System-on-chip Architecture.Addison Wesley,2000
[14]杭州立宇泰电子有限公司.ARMSYS2410-B开发板用户手册.杭州:杭州立宇泰电子有限公司编著,2006
[15]魏忠等编著.嵌入式开发详解[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[16]杭州立宇泰电子有限公司.ARMSYS2410-B开发板用户手册.杭州:杭州立宇泰电子有限公司编著,2006
[17]CIRRUS LOGIC.CS8900A Data Sheet
[18]Karim,Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux Systems,2003
[19]马忠梅,李善平等编著.ARM&Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[20]刘峥嵘编著.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[21]霍拉鲍夫.Embedded Linux:hardware,software,and interfacing[M].北京:电子工业出版社2003
[22]杨建伟,杨燕翔.基于S3C2410处理器的Linux移植[J].信息技术,2007,8:P97-P100
[23]lex Lennon.Embedding Linux.IEEE REVIEW MAY,2001
[24]嵌入式系统Boot Loader技术内幕http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1-btloader/index.html
[25]冯永红,朱善君.裁剪Linux技术分析[C].2001嵌入式系统及单片机国际学术交流会论文集.北京:航天航空大学出版社,2001
[26]郑桦,刘清,邢航,徐智穹.构造嵌入式Linux的文件系统[J],微计算机信息,2004年,第八期,P49-P50,59
[27]OV7620 Datasheet.OmniVision Technologies,Inc,2001
[28]OV511+Datasheet.OmniVision Technologies,Inc,2001
[29]倪继利编著.Linux内核分析及编程[M].北京:电子工业出版社2005
[30]Jonathan Corbet,Alessandro Rubini,Greg Kroah-Hartman.Linux Device Drivers,3rd Edition,2005
[31]Net source.Video4Linux Kernel API Reference.Version 0.1,April,1999
[32]Alan Cox.Video4Linux Programming.www.redhat.com
[33]陈俊宏编著.嵌入式系统原理与实务[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[34]徐千洋编著.Linux C函数库参考手册[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2002
[35]K.Wall等著.王勇等译.GNU/LINUX编程指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[36]任永铮编著.LinuxC程序员指南[M].北京:国防工业出版社,第一版,2000
[37]Michael Barr.Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++,1999
[38]林福宗编著.多媒体技术基础[M].第二版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[39]吴乐南编著.数据压缩的原理及应用[M].第一版.北京:电子工业出版社,1995
[40]蔡士杰,岳华编著.连续色调静止图像的压缩与编码—JEPG[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1994
[41]马小虎,张明敏编著.多媒体数据压缩标准及实现[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[42]张维谷编著.图像文件格式—Windows编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[43](日)小野定康,铃木纯司著.JPEG/MPEG2技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[44]黄英,肖旭,魏急波.基于嵌入式Linux的远程监控系统的设计[J].电子工程师,2002,28,4:P11-P13
[45][日]村山宫保著.白玉林译.TCP/IP计算机网络篇[M].北京:科学出版社,2003
[46]李腊元,李春林.计算机网络技术(第一版)[M].长沙:国防工业出版社,2001
[47]eremy Bentham.TCP/IP Lean Web Server for Embedded System.CMP Books,2000
[48][America]M.Tim Jones.TCP/IP Application Layer Protacols for Embedded Systems.CHARLES RIVER MEDIA,July 2002
[49]张斌,高波等编著.Linux网络编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[50]徐红勤编著.动态网页制作[M].北京师范大学出版社.2006
[51]裴有福编著.Web技术大全[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998
[52]杜轩华,袁方等编著.Web开发技术[M].上海:上海大学出版社,2005
[53]杨波,赵辉,贾艳编著.Linux下的WEB服务器技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[54]Bentham,J.著.陈向群等译.嵌入式系统Web服务器—TCP/IP Lean[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[55]孙磊.基于linux2.6及S3C2410上的BOA的移植[J].科技广场,2007,3:P180-P181
[56]杨虎等编著.CGI步步高[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[57]张曦煌,柴志雷.嵌入式Web服务器中CGI的特点及实现[J].小型微型计算机系统,2003,24,11:P246-P248
[58](美)Kris Jamsa著.吴悦译.HTML&Web设计技术与技巧[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[59]ARM Architecture Reference Manual.ARM Company,2000
[60]Brian W.Kernighan,Dennis M.Ritchie.The C programming Language.Prentice-Hall,1988
[61]FLORESCU D,GRUNHANGEN A,KOSSMANN DAnXML programming language for web service specification andcomposition[J].Networks,2003,42(5):P641-P660
[2]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统基础教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[3]吴明晖编著.基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[4]桑楠编著.嵌入式系统原理及应用开发技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[5]邹思轶编著.嵌入式LINUX设计与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[6]李善平,刘文峰编著.Linux与嵌入式系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[7]Arnold S.Berger.Embedded Systems Design:An Introduction to Processes,Tools,and Techniques,2002
[8]怀石工作室编著.Linux上的C编程[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001
[9]孙天泽,袁文菊,张海峰编著.嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南—基于ARM9处理器[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[10]ARM.ARM920T Data Sheet
[11]SAMSUNG.S3C2410 Data Sheet
[12]杜春雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[13]Steve Furber.ARM System-on-chip Architecture.Addison Wesley,2000
[14]杭州立宇泰电子有限公司.ARMSYS2410-B开发板用户手册.杭州:杭州立宇泰电子有限公司编著,2006
[15]魏忠等编著.嵌入式开发详解[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[16]杭州立宇泰电子有限公司.ARMSYS2410-B开发板用户手册.杭州:杭州立宇泰电子有限公司编著,2006
[17]CIRRUS LOGIC.CS8900A Data Sheet
[18]Karim,Yaghmour.Building Embedded Linux Systems,2003
[19]马忠梅,李善平等编著.ARM&Linux嵌入式系统教程[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[20]刘峥嵘编著.嵌入式Linux应用开发详解[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[21]霍拉鲍夫.Embedded Linux:hardware,software,and interfacing[M].北京:电子工业出版社2003
[22]杨建伟,杨燕翔.基于S3C2410处理器的Linux移植[J].信息技术,2007,8:P97-P100
[23]lex Lennon.Embedding Linux.IEEE REVIEW MAY,2001
[24]嵌入式系统Boot Loader技术内幕http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1-btloader/index.html
[25]冯永红,朱善君.裁剪Linux技术分析[C].2001嵌入式系统及单片机国际学术交流会论文集.北京:航天航空大学出版社,2001
[26]郑桦,刘清,邢航,徐智穹.构造嵌入式Linux的文件系统[J],微计算机信息,2004年,第八期,P49-P50,59
[27]OV7620 Datasheet.OmniVision Technologies,Inc,2001
[28]OV511+Datasheet.OmniVision Technologies,Inc,2001
[29]倪继利编著.Linux内核分析及编程[M].北京:电子工业出版社2005
[30]Jonathan Corbet,Alessandro Rubini,Greg Kroah-Hartman.Linux Device Drivers,3rd Edition,2005
[31]Net source.Video4Linux Kernel API Reference.Version 0.1,April,1999
[32]Alan Cox.Video4Linux Programming.www.redhat.com
[33]陈俊宏编著.嵌入式系统原理与实务[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[34]徐千洋编著.Linux C函数库参考手册[M].北京:中国青年出版社,2002
[35]K.Wall等著.王勇等译.GNU/LINUX编程指南[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[36]任永铮编著.LinuxC程序员指南[M].北京:国防工业出版社,第一版,2000
[37]Michael Barr.Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++,1999
[38]林福宗编著.多媒体技术基础[M].第二版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[39]吴乐南编著.数据压缩的原理及应用[M].第一版.北京:电子工业出版社,1995
[40]蔡士杰,岳华编著.连续色调静止图像的压缩与编码—JEPG[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1994
[41]马小虎,张明敏编著.多媒体数据压缩标准及实现[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[42]张维谷编著.图像文件格式—Windows编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[43](日)小野定康,铃木纯司著.JPEG/MPEG2技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004
[44]黄英,肖旭,魏急波.基于嵌入式Linux的远程监控系统的设计[J].电子工程师,2002,28,4:P11-P13
[45][日]村山宫保著.白玉林译.TCP/IP计算机网络篇[M].北京:科学出版社,2003
[46]李腊元,李春林.计算机网络技术(第一版)[M].长沙:国防工业出版社,2001
[47]eremy Bentham.TCP/IP Lean Web Server for Embedded System.CMP Books,2000
[48][America]M.Tim Jones.TCP/IP Application Layer Protacols for Embedded Systems.CHARLES RIVER MEDIA,July 2002
[49]张斌,高波等编著.Linux网络编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[50]徐红勤编著.动态网页制作[M].北京师范大学出版社.2006
[51]裴有福编著.Web技术大全[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1998
[52]杜轩华,袁方等编著.Web开发技术[M].上海:上海大学出版社,2005
[53]杨波,赵辉,贾艳编著.Linux下的WEB服务器技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[54]Bentham,J.著.陈向群等译.嵌入式系统Web服务器—TCP/IP Lean[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[55]孙磊.基于linux2.6及S3C2410上的BOA的移植[J].科技广场,2007,3:P180-P181
[56]杨虎等编著.CGI步步高[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2001
[57]张曦煌,柴志雷.嵌入式Web服务器中CGI的特点及实现[J].小型微型计算机系统,2003,24,11:P246-P248
[58](美)Kris Jamsa著.吴悦译.HTML&Web设计技术与技巧[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[59]ARM Architecture Reference Manual.ARM Company,2000
[60]Brian W.Kernighan,Dennis M.Ritchie.The C programming Language.Prentice-Hall,1988
[61]FLORESCU D,GRUNHANGEN A,KOSSMANN DAnXML programming language for web service specification andcomposition[J].Networks,2003,42(5):P641-P660