福建尤溪丁家山铅锌矿区龙北溪组变质岩岩石学特征、原岩恢复及成因探讨
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摘要
福建尤溪丁家山铅锌矿区主要赋矿地层—中新元古界龙北溪组变质岩系,主要岩性类型包括石英云母片岩、大理岩和石榴子石—绿帘石—透辉石等矿物组合系列岩石。本文就该区中新元古代变质岩岩相学、矿物学、岩石化学及稀土元素地球化学等方面进行研究,依据宏观地质产状、变质矿物组成及生成顺序、残余组构及残余矿物、变质矿物化学成分标型特征、变质岩主微量元素组成特征等恢复其原岩,并进一步对变质作用期次、变质岩成因、与成矿关系进行探讨。研究结果显示：①研究区范围内存在早古生代加里东期和中生代燕山期两次变质事件。②龙北溪组上段石榴子石—绿帘石—透辉石等矿物组合系列岩石,恢复原岩为钙质泥岩、钙质粉砂岩或泥灰岩,经加里东区域动力热流变质作用,形成绿片岩相变质岩,燕山期岩浆热液又使之强烈矽卡岩化；③龙北溪组中段石英云母片岩,是韵律层发育的粉砂质泥岩在加里东期区域变质作用下的产物,燕山期花岗岩浆活动使其普遍具硅化等热液蚀变现象,尤在与岩脉接触部位、构造破碎带等处更为强烈；④龙北溪组中段、上段之大理岩、白云质大理岩、含杂质条带大理岩,变质原岩为碳酸盐物质与富钙铁质陆源细碎屑物交复沉积的产物,加里东期区域变质作用使之发生重结晶,而在燕山期大规模岩浆活动中,因构造裂隙不发育、化学活动性弱等原因,未出现明显改造；⑤各矿石矿物与早期形成的矽卡岩属同一岩浆热液演化过程中的产物,矿床主成矿期为燕山期,成因类型应归为矽卡岩型。
The metamorphic rock series in middle-late proterozoic Longbeixi group is the major host strata of Dingjiashan lead-zinc deposit in Youxi county, Fujian province. The lithology of the host strata comprises mainly quartz-mica schist, marble, garnet-epidote-diopside series rocks. Based on geological occurrence, metamorphic mineral composition and their formation sequence, residual mineral and fabric, chemical typomorphic characteristics of representative minerals, geochemical characteristics of main and trace elements, the research results are summarized as follows. First, there were two episodes of metamorphism in the study area, which occurred in Caledonian and Yanshanian periods respectively. Second, the garnet epidote diopside rock in upper Longbeixi group recovered to be calcareous mudstone, calcareous siltstone or marl, and suffered green-schist regional metamorphism in Caledonian period and then strong skarnized caused by the contact metamorphism with granitic magma in Yanshanian period. Third, quartz-mica schist in middle Longbeixi group is the products of Caledonian regional metamorphism from silty mudstone with original rhythmic layered sedments. There existed general silicification or other hydrothermal alteration by Yanshanian magmatism, expecially strong in contact zone around dike and structural fracture zone. Fourth, The marble, dolomitic marble and impurity composition-banded marble in the upper and middle Longbeixi group, are considered to be derived form a terrigenous sedimentary sequence with carbonate and calcium-ferruginous fine clastic materials. they experienced recrystallization caused by Caledonian regional metamorphism, but were not transformed obviously because of undeveloped structural fissure and poor chemical mobility during the process of large-scale magmatism in Yanshanian. Fifth, useful components and the early-formed skarn are the products of the evolution process of magmatic hydrothermal fluids, the master mineralization epoch of the deposit was Yanshanian period, and it belongs to skarn type deposit.
The metamorphic rock series in middle-late proterozoic Longbeixi group is the major host strata of Dingjiashan lead-zinc deposit in Youxi county, Fujian province. The lithology of the host strata comprises mainly quartz-mica schist, marble, garnet-epidote-diopside series rocks. Based on geological occurrence, metamorphic mineral composition and their formation sequence, residual mineral and fabric, chemical typomorphic characteristics of representative minerals, geochemical characteristics of main and trace elements, the research results are summarized as follows. First, there were two episodes of metamorphism in the study area, which occurred in Caledonian and Yanshanian periods respectively. Second, the garnet epidote diopside rock in upper Longbeixi group recovered to be calcareous mudstone, calcareous siltstone or marl, and suffered green-schist regional metamorphism in Caledonian period and then strong skarnized caused by the contact metamorphism with granitic magma in Yanshanian period. Third, quartz-mica schist in middle Longbeixi group is the products of Caledonian regional metamorphism from silty mudstone with original rhythmic layered sedments. There existed general silicification or other hydrothermal alteration by Yanshanian magmatism, expecially strong in contact zone around dike and structural fracture zone. Fourth, The marble, dolomitic marble and impurity composition-banded marble in the upper and middle Longbeixi group, are considered to be derived form a terrigenous sedimentary sequence with carbonate and calcium-ferruginous fine clastic materials. they experienced recrystallization caused by Caledonian regional metamorphism, but were not transformed obviously because of undeveloped structural fissure and poor chemical mobility during the process of large-scale magmatism in Yanshanian. Fifth, useful components and the early-formed skarn are the products of the evolution process of magmatic hydrothermal fluids, the master mineralization epoch of the deposit was Yanshanian period, and it belongs to skarn type deposit.
引文
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