林—浆—纸产业集群供应链协同管理研究
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摘要
随着我国经济的飞速发展,造纸工业中木材供需矛盾更加突出。大力发展速生丰产林,大规模建立用材林基地,实现林浆纸一体化,是解决问题的关键。现在国家已出台多项鼓励政策,将培育林-浆-纸产业集群作为重要发展战略加以实施。但在具体工作中,各方面缺乏系统的理论研究和指导,突出表现在集群只重“聚集”,不重“集成”,缺乏从战略层到操作层的全方位、深层次的协同管理,从而导致该产业集群的不稳定或脆弱性,集群经济效应不能凸显。
基于以上的社会、经济和现实背景,本文综合运用产业集群理论、集成管理理论、供应链管理理论、协同学理论、现代统计学和流通经济学等多个领域的理论与方法,对我国已初步形成的林-浆-纸产业链进行认真分析,进而对林-浆-纸产业集群的形成、结构、组成及其供应链进行深入研究,再对其供应链协同管理机制、运作模型和实施策略进行细致探讨,试图建立兼顾林业产业和造纸工业并适合可持续发展和循环经济的林-浆-纸产业集群供应链协同管理模式,为我国“两型社会”建设和经济发展作出贡献。
首先,本文从分析林-浆-纸产业项目实施现状和已形成的产业链条出发,结合产业集群理论,对林-浆-纸产业集群的内涵、发展现状、组成结构和运行效益进行解读。产业集群与供应链存在着很好的耦合基础,可以运用供应链管理理论来集成和提升产业集群,这是观念上的创新。在此基础上,本文分析了横向和纵向的林-浆-纸产业集群供应链,分别对其特殊性、复杂性和网络结构进行了深入分析,阐述了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链管理机制,提出并设计了动态优化模型。
其次,本文以协同学理论为基础,针对产业集群的特点,从管理角度和信息技术角度深入研究了林-浆-纸产业集群协同管理问题,重点研究了协同管理的三种机制问题,分析了其总体组织构架和整体运作模型；提出了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链横向和纵向两种协同管理模式,分别论述了其驱动力和构成要素,建立了其结构模型,设计了其信息系统。实施供应链协同管理,林-浆-纸产业集群可以最大限度地发挥产业关联效应和协同效应,从而提升其整体竞争力。
最后,本文提出了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链风险管理策略,分别研究了实施纵向协同的采购管理和仓储管理策略及其数学模型,分别阐述了实施横向协同的实施保障和载体平台策略；进一步研究了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链协同绩效评价的综合指标体系和基于层次分析法和模糊数学理论的综合评价方法,并以湖南省环洞庭湖区林-浆-纸产业集群为研究对象,进行了实证分析,提出了对策建议。
With the rapid development of China's economy, the problem between demand and supply of wood is becoming more and more obvious and serious in the paper-ma-king industry. Therefore, it becomes the key to solve the problem to largely develop fast-growing and high-yielding timber plantations, establish large-scale paper-making timber-forest base and realize integration of forestry-pulp-paper. Now a number of in-centive policies have been introduced in our country to help nurture forestry-pulp-pa-per industrial cluster as an important developing strategy. But in practice systematic theory and guidance are in great short in all aspects, greatly embodied by such facts as the cluster only concentrates on "gathering", but not "integration", the lack of deep and full collaborative management from the strategic level to the action level, so this industrial cluster is instability and vulnerability, the economic effects of clusters can not be extraordinary
Based on the real social and economic backgrounds, this article conducts serious analysis to the newly-formed industrial chain of forestry-pulp-paper from the perspectives of industrial cluster theory, integrated management theory, supply chain management theory, synergetic theory, modern statistics theory, circulation economics theory and so on. At the same time, it carries out deep investigation to the supply chain and formation, structure and composition of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster. Further more, it offers in-depth research to the mechanism, operation modle and implementation strategy of the supply chain collaborative management in detail. This paper tries to establish the mode of the supply chain collaborative management for industrial cluster of forestry-pulp-paper, in hope that it can serve for the establishment of "two-oriented society" and economic development.
At first, the content of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster was explained by combining the present situation of its project and industrial cluster theory together. Also interpretation is done to its present development, structure and operation efficiency. There is certain connection between the industrial cluster and the supply chain in that we can integrate and promote it by using supply chain management theory. This is an innovative concept. On this basis, the horizontal and vertical supply chain of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster are given to have in-depth analysis as to the specificity, complexity of its network structure, to describe the supply chain management mechanism of industrial cluster of forestry-pulp- paper, and to propose and design an optimized dynamic model.
Secondly, based on synergetic theory and industrial cluster's features, the problems in forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster's supply chain collaborative management is studied in-depth from the angle of management and information technology. It also focuses on it's three collaborative management mechanism, and then discusses its overall organizational structure and operations model. What's more, it proposes two modes of industrial clusters, that is the supply chain horizontal collaboration and vertical collaboration, discusses their driving forces and constitute elements respectively, and builts its structure models and designs its information systems. The supply chain collaborative management of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster can maximize the synergy and related effect, thereby enhancing it's overall competitiveness.
Finally, this paper does research on the mathematical models of purchasing management and storage management in the specific process of vertical collaborative management, the risk identification strategy was also proposed in the same process and two tactics were explained respectively about the implementation security and conduct platform in the specific process of horizontal collaborative management. At the same time, the comprehensive index system is done as to the collaboration performance evaluation of the forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster's supply chain, and then evaluation methods based upon AHP and fuzzy math theory were built. At last, it is chosen as an example to the forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster in the Dongting Lake Region of Hunan Province. A demonstrative analysis is done and a lot of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
基于以上的社会、经济和现实背景,本文综合运用产业集群理论、集成管理理论、供应链管理理论、协同学理论、现代统计学和流通经济学等多个领域的理论与方法,对我国已初步形成的林-浆-纸产业链进行认真分析,进而对林-浆-纸产业集群的形成、结构、组成及其供应链进行深入研究,再对其供应链协同管理机制、运作模型和实施策略进行细致探讨,试图建立兼顾林业产业和造纸工业并适合可持续发展和循环经济的林-浆-纸产业集群供应链协同管理模式,为我国“两型社会”建设和经济发展作出贡献。
首先,本文从分析林-浆-纸产业项目实施现状和已形成的产业链条出发,结合产业集群理论,对林-浆-纸产业集群的内涵、发展现状、组成结构和运行效益进行解读。产业集群与供应链存在着很好的耦合基础,可以运用供应链管理理论来集成和提升产业集群,这是观念上的创新。在此基础上,本文分析了横向和纵向的林-浆-纸产业集群供应链,分别对其特殊性、复杂性和网络结构进行了深入分析,阐述了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链管理机制,提出并设计了动态优化模型。
其次,本文以协同学理论为基础,针对产业集群的特点,从管理角度和信息技术角度深入研究了林-浆-纸产业集群协同管理问题,重点研究了协同管理的三种机制问题,分析了其总体组织构架和整体运作模型；提出了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链横向和纵向两种协同管理模式,分别论述了其驱动力和构成要素,建立了其结构模型,设计了其信息系统。实施供应链协同管理,林-浆-纸产业集群可以最大限度地发挥产业关联效应和协同效应,从而提升其整体竞争力。
最后,本文提出了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链风险管理策略,分别研究了实施纵向协同的采购管理和仓储管理策略及其数学模型,分别阐述了实施横向协同的实施保障和载体平台策略；进一步研究了林-浆-纸产业集群供应链协同绩效评价的综合指标体系和基于层次分析法和模糊数学理论的综合评价方法,并以湖南省环洞庭湖区林-浆-纸产业集群为研究对象,进行了实证分析,提出了对策建议。
With the rapid development of China's economy, the problem between demand and supply of wood is becoming more and more obvious and serious in the paper-ma-king industry. Therefore, it becomes the key to solve the problem to largely develop fast-growing and high-yielding timber plantations, establish large-scale paper-making timber-forest base and realize integration of forestry-pulp-paper. Now a number of in-centive policies have been introduced in our country to help nurture forestry-pulp-pa-per industrial cluster as an important developing strategy. But in practice systematic theory and guidance are in great short in all aspects, greatly embodied by such facts as the cluster only concentrates on "gathering", but not "integration", the lack of deep and full collaborative management from the strategic level to the action level, so this industrial cluster is instability and vulnerability, the economic effects of clusters can not be extraordinary
Based on the real social and economic backgrounds, this article conducts serious analysis to the newly-formed industrial chain of forestry-pulp-paper from the perspectives of industrial cluster theory, integrated management theory, supply chain management theory, synergetic theory, modern statistics theory, circulation economics theory and so on. At the same time, it carries out deep investigation to the supply chain and formation, structure and composition of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster. Further more, it offers in-depth research to the mechanism, operation modle and implementation strategy of the supply chain collaborative management in detail. This paper tries to establish the mode of the supply chain collaborative management for industrial cluster of forestry-pulp-paper, in hope that it can serve for the establishment of "two-oriented society" and economic development.
At first, the content of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster was explained by combining the present situation of its project and industrial cluster theory together. Also interpretation is done to its present development, structure and operation efficiency. There is certain connection between the industrial cluster and the supply chain in that we can integrate and promote it by using supply chain management theory. This is an innovative concept. On this basis, the horizontal and vertical supply chain of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster are given to have in-depth analysis as to the specificity, complexity of its network structure, to describe the supply chain management mechanism of industrial cluster of forestry-pulp- paper, and to propose and design an optimized dynamic model.
Secondly, based on synergetic theory and industrial cluster's features, the problems in forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster's supply chain collaborative management is studied in-depth from the angle of management and information technology. It also focuses on it's three collaborative management mechanism, and then discusses its overall organizational structure and operations model. What's more, it proposes two modes of industrial clusters, that is the supply chain horizontal collaboration and vertical collaboration, discusses their driving forces and constitute elements respectively, and builts its structure models and designs its information systems. The supply chain collaborative management of forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster can maximize the synergy and related effect, thereby enhancing it's overall competitiveness.
Finally, this paper does research on the mathematical models of purchasing management and storage management in the specific process of vertical collaborative management, the risk identification strategy was also proposed in the same process and two tactics were explained respectively about the implementation security and conduct platform in the specific process of horizontal collaborative management. At the same time, the comprehensive index system is done as to the collaboration performance evaluation of the forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster's supply chain, and then evaluation methods based upon AHP and fuzzy math theory were built. At last, it is chosen as an example to the forestry-pulp-paper industrial cluster in the Dongting Lake Region of Hunan Province. A demonstrative analysis is done and a lot of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
引文
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