桥上无缝道岔纵向力计算理论与试验研究
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摘要
随着客运专线、快速铁路和城市轨道交通的建设与发展,由于环保要求或地形的限制,有越来越多的无缝道岔设置在大桥、特大桥或高架结构上。在桥上铺设无缝道岔,是无缝线路发展中遇到的一个重大技术课题。本文对桥上无缝道岔纵向力的计算理论开展研究,建立了桥上无缝道岔纵向力计算模型并编制了相应的计算程序,系统分析了桥上无缝道岔受力和变形规律,提出了桥上无缝道岔的设计原则和设计方法。本文的主要工作如下:
(1)道岔-桥梁纵向相互作用关系。道岔-桥梁纵向相互作用本构关系是解决纵向力传递问题的基础和关键,本文在系统分析国内外无缝道岔结构的基础上,对影响桥上无缝道岔纵向传力的各种阻力参数的力学特性做了深入分析,提出了各种阻力参数的本构关系表达式。根据桥上无缝道岔纵向相互作用特点,首次提出了道岔—桥梁相互作用原理。
(2)根据道岔—桥梁相互作用原理,本着模型总体上能反映桥上无缝道岔纵向力的传递特点,同时考虑计算方便性和可靠性的原则,结合目前计算力学的发展,提出了计算有砟、无砟轨道桥上无缝道岔纵向力的“岔—桥—墩”一体化模型。利用非线性有限元法对模型求解,并编制了功能强大的分析程序,该程序可以分析各种道岔和桥梁的布置型式
(3)运用编制的计算程序,对桥上无缝道岔的伸缩力、挠曲力、制动力、断轨力和组合荷载作用下的纵向力进行了分析,研究了组合荷载对桥上无缝道岔的影响。在对比国内外桥上无缝线路设计方法和理论研究的基础上,初步提出了我国桥上无缝道岔设计检算方法。
(4)对影响道岔-桥梁纵向力传递的主要因素进行系统分析,是本文的核心部分。分析了简支梁、连续梁桥上无缝道岔(包括单组道岔、渡线和道岔群)的受力和变形规律,通过纵向位移阻力参数、道岔连接方式、桥梁下部结构刚度、桥梁跨度、桥梁结构形式、岔-桥相对位置等因素的分析,达到了清楚地认识桥上无缝道岔纵向力传递规律的目的,进而得出对计算参数取值和改善岔-桥受力状态具有指导意义的结论。
(5)综合分析了有砟、无砟桥上无缝道岔的受力和变形规律,从纵向相互作用的角度提出桥上无缝道岔纵向设计原则,提出了典型车站的道岔、桥梁布置方式,为桥上无缝道岔设计提供了依据。
(6)在浙赣线湄池1号特大桥上进行桥上无缝道岔纵向力试验研究,对道床阻力、道岔基本轨伸缩力、道岔尖轨/心轨纵向位移,梁-轨相对位移等进行了系统测试。通过试验研究,验证了桥上无缝道岔纵向力计算理论。
本文建立的桥上无缝道岔计算理论体系是比较完善的,计算模型、方法和程序正确的,仿真程序分析的结果是可信的,浙赣线简支梁桥上无缝道岔的成功铺设、现场试验及安全运营表明本文的工作对桥上无缝道岔设计和运营维修具有重要的指导意义。
Along with the passenger dedicated special line, the fast railway and the urban track transportation construction and the development, as a result of the environmental protection request or the terrain limit, more and more welded turnout laid on the bridge, the super major bridge or the elevated structure. Laying on the welded turnout on the bridge, is a significant technical topic which in CWR development meets. Longitudinal force computation theory of welded turnout on bridge was researched in this paper, the longitudinal force computation model and computation program of welded turnout on bridge were established, the stress and distortion rule of turnout on bridge was analyzed, the design principle and the design method of turnout on bridge was proposed. The prime work in this paper is as follows:
(1)The constitutive relation of turnout-bridge longitudinal affects is foundation and the key to solve the longitudinal force transmission question, in the systems analysis domestic and foreign welded turnout structure foundation, each kind of resistance parameter mechanics characteristic which affected the longitudinal force transmission of the welded turnout on bridge was analyzed, constitutive relation expression of each kind of resistance parameter was proposed. According to the characteristic of longitudinal reciprocity to the welded turnout on bridge, the reciprocity mechanism of the turnout and the bridge was proposed for the first time.
(2) According to the reciprocity mechanism of the turnout and the bridge, in line with principle that the model can reflect the longitudinal force transmission characteristic of welded turnout on the bridge, simultaneously consider the computation conveniences and the reliable, and associate with the development of calculates mechanics at present, the "turnout-bridge-pier" integration model of longitudinal force of welded turnout on bridge to ballast and non-ballast was proposed. Using the non-linear finite element method to solve the model, the analysis program was established, and this program may analyze each kind of turnout on bridge.
(3) Using the computational program, the longitudinal forces of welded turnout on bridge were analyzed, such as the expansion force, the bending force, the braking force, the rail-broke force and combination load, etc. the influence combination load to welded turnout on bridge was studied. In contrasts on the domestic and foreign design method and theoretical research of CWR on bridge, the design and calculate method of the welded turnout on bridge were proposed initially.
(4) The primary influencing factors on longitudinal force transmission rail of turnout and bridge were analysis, which is core part of this paper. The stress and the distortion rule of welded turnouts, including single turnout, crossover and turnout group, on the simple beam and continuous beam bridges has analyzed. Some parameters influencing the longitudinal force and displacement of the welded turnout on bridge were analyzed, such as the longitudinal displacement resistance parameters, the connection way of turnouts, the stiffness of pier, the bridge span, the bridge style, the position of turnouts and bridges, and so on. The longitudinal force transmission rule of welded turnout on bridge was known well, the conclusions of parameter value, turnout and bridge stress and design were reached.
(5) The stress and the distortion rule of welded turnout on the ballast and non-ballast track bridge were analyzed. From the longitudinal interaction point of view, the design principle of welded turnout on bridge wan proposed. The layout of turnouts and bridges on the typical rail station was proposed, which provides the basis for design of welded turnout on bridge.
(6) The site test of longitudinal force and displacement of welded turnout on bridge on Meichi No.1 bridge in Zhejiang and Jiangxi railway. The resistance of track bed, the temperature force and displacement of welded turnout on bridge was measured; the site test proves that the calculation theory of welded turnout on bridge was correct.
The author established comparatively prefect longitudinal force of welded turnout on bridge theory system. The calculating model, method and program are correct, and the results of welded turnout on bridge are credible. The laying, site test and operating of welded turnout on simple beam bridge in Zhejiang and Jiangxi railway show that the thesis works have important guiding significance to design and maintenance of welded turnout on bridge.
(1)道岔-桥梁纵向相互作用关系。道岔-桥梁纵向相互作用本构关系是解决纵向力传递问题的基础和关键,本文在系统分析国内外无缝道岔结构的基础上,对影响桥上无缝道岔纵向传力的各种阻力参数的力学特性做了深入分析,提出了各种阻力参数的本构关系表达式。根据桥上无缝道岔纵向相互作用特点,首次提出了道岔—桥梁相互作用原理。
(2)根据道岔—桥梁相互作用原理,本着模型总体上能反映桥上无缝道岔纵向力的传递特点,同时考虑计算方便性和可靠性的原则,结合目前计算力学的发展,提出了计算有砟、无砟轨道桥上无缝道岔纵向力的“岔—桥—墩”一体化模型。利用非线性有限元法对模型求解,并编制了功能强大的分析程序,该程序可以分析各种道岔和桥梁的布置型式
(3)运用编制的计算程序,对桥上无缝道岔的伸缩力、挠曲力、制动力、断轨力和组合荷载作用下的纵向力进行了分析,研究了组合荷载对桥上无缝道岔的影响。在对比国内外桥上无缝线路设计方法和理论研究的基础上,初步提出了我国桥上无缝道岔设计检算方法。
(4)对影响道岔-桥梁纵向力传递的主要因素进行系统分析,是本文的核心部分。分析了简支梁、连续梁桥上无缝道岔(包括单组道岔、渡线和道岔群)的受力和变形规律,通过纵向位移阻力参数、道岔连接方式、桥梁下部结构刚度、桥梁跨度、桥梁结构形式、岔-桥相对位置等因素的分析,达到了清楚地认识桥上无缝道岔纵向力传递规律的目的,进而得出对计算参数取值和改善岔-桥受力状态具有指导意义的结论。
(5)综合分析了有砟、无砟桥上无缝道岔的受力和变形规律,从纵向相互作用的角度提出桥上无缝道岔纵向设计原则,提出了典型车站的道岔、桥梁布置方式,为桥上无缝道岔设计提供了依据。
(6)在浙赣线湄池1号特大桥上进行桥上无缝道岔纵向力试验研究,对道床阻力、道岔基本轨伸缩力、道岔尖轨/心轨纵向位移,梁-轨相对位移等进行了系统测试。通过试验研究,验证了桥上无缝道岔纵向力计算理论。
本文建立的桥上无缝道岔计算理论体系是比较完善的,计算模型、方法和程序正确的,仿真程序分析的结果是可信的,浙赣线简支梁桥上无缝道岔的成功铺设、现场试验及安全运营表明本文的工作对桥上无缝道岔设计和运营维修具有重要的指导意义。
Along with the passenger dedicated special line, the fast railway and the urban track transportation construction and the development, as a result of the environmental protection request or the terrain limit, more and more welded turnout laid on the bridge, the super major bridge or the elevated structure. Laying on the welded turnout on the bridge, is a significant technical topic which in CWR development meets. Longitudinal force computation theory of welded turnout on bridge was researched in this paper, the longitudinal force computation model and computation program of welded turnout on bridge were established, the stress and distortion rule of turnout on bridge was analyzed, the design principle and the design method of turnout on bridge was proposed. The prime work in this paper is as follows:
(1)The constitutive relation of turnout-bridge longitudinal affects is foundation and the key to solve the longitudinal force transmission question, in the systems analysis domestic and foreign welded turnout structure foundation, each kind of resistance parameter mechanics characteristic which affected the longitudinal force transmission of the welded turnout on bridge was analyzed, constitutive relation expression of each kind of resistance parameter was proposed. According to the characteristic of longitudinal reciprocity to the welded turnout on bridge, the reciprocity mechanism of the turnout and the bridge was proposed for the first time.
(2) According to the reciprocity mechanism of the turnout and the bridge, in line with principle that the model can reflect the longitudinal force transmission characteristic of welded turnout on the bridge, simultaneously consider the computation conveniences and the reliable, and associate with the development of calculates mechanics at present, the "turnout-bridge-pier" integration model of longitudinal force of welded turnout on bridge to ballast and non-ballast was proposed. Using the non-linear finite element method to solve the model, the analysis program was established, and this program may analyze each kind of turnout on bridge.
(3) Using the computational program, the longitudinal forces of welded turnout on bridge were analyzed, such as the expansion force, the bending force, the braking force, the rail-broke force and combination load, etc. the influence combination load to welded turnout on bridge was studied. In contrasts on the domestic and foreign design method and theoretical research of CWR on bridge, the design and calculate method of the welded turnout on bridge were proposed initially.
(4) The primary influencing factors on longitudinal force transmission rail of turnout and bridge were analysis, which is core part of this paper. The stress and the distortion rule of welded turnouts, including single turnout, crossover and turnout group, on the simple beam and continuous beam bridges has analyzed. Some parameters influencing the longitudinal force and displacement of the welded turnout on bridge were analyzed, such as the longitudinal displacement resistance parameters, the connection way of turnouts, the stiffness of pier, the bridge span, the bridge style, the position of turnouts and bridges, and so on. The longitudinal force transmission rule of welded turnout on bridge was known well, the conclusions of parameter value, turnout and bridge stress and design were reached.
(5) The stress and the distortion rule of welded turnout on the ballast and non-ballast track bridge were analyzed. From the longitudinal interaction point of view, the design principle of welded turnout on bridge wan proposed. The layout of turnouts and bridges on the typical rail station was proposed, which provides the basis for design of welded turnout on bridge.
(6) The site test of longitudinal force and displacement of welded turnout on bridge on Meichi No.1 bridge in Zhejiang and Jiangxi railway. The resistance of track bed, the temperature force and displacement of welded turnout on bridge was measured; the site test proves that the calculation theory of welded turnout on bridge was correct.
The author established comparatively prefect longitudinal force of welded turnout on bridge theory system. The calculating model, method and program are correct, and the results of welded turnout on bridge are credible. The laying, site test and operating of welded turnout on simple beam bridge in Zhejiang and Jiangxi railway show that the thesis works have important guiding significance to design and maintenance of welded turnout on bridge.
引文
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