冰雪旅游资源价值形成与实现机制研究
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摘要
改革开放以来,我国旅游业取得了长足的发展。旅游发展的主要趋势之一,是旅游者正在从单一的观光型旅游向度假及各种专项旅游如体育旅游转化。冰雪旅游作为体育旅游的一个重要组成部分,是其中发展最为迅速的项目之一。但是,随着冰雪旅游规模的扩大,制约旅游业发展的各方面和各层次的矛盾与问题也进一步凸显。从旅游资源开发实践来看,冰雪旅游在扩张的同时,存在旅游资源开发无序而闲置浪费、掠夺性开发和经营、重复开发现象严重、冰雪旅游业经济效益不佳等问题。这些问题深层次的原因,是对于冰雪旅游资源价值认识的不足。目前,冰雪旅游资源的开发研究已经取得了长足发展,但在价值研究上体系尚不完善,很多问题如旅游资源基本概念的界定与分类、冰雪旅游资源价值的形成机制、冰雪旅游资源价值的实现机制、冰雪旅游资源价值的提升路径等都没有完整的理论探讨。因此,迫切需要开展对冰雪旅游资源价值形成、实现与提升的研究,以为旅游地旅游资源的规划和开发提供理论依据,同时也为投资决策、确定目标市场等提供依据。
本文对冰雪旅游资源价值的形成与实现机制进行了有益的探讨。首先,界定了冰雪旅游资源,基于冰雪旅游资源的内涵,将其分为自然旅游资源和人文旅游资源两大类。接着描述出冰雪旅游资源的价值认知模型,从主客体的角度给出了冰雪旅游资源价值的概念,分析了冰雪旅游资源价值的特点。并通过因子分析总结出了冰雪旅游资源价值的构成要素:经济要素、文化要素和生态要素。在此基础上,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值体系。
其次,对冰雪旅游资源价值形成的动力机制、协同机制和耦合机制进行了分析,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值的形成机制模型。然后,分析了影响冰雪旅游资源价值实现的人力、资金、技术和制度要素以及要素集成机制和要素配置机制、主体激励机制和主体协调机制,同时分析了游客认知对冰雪旅游资源价值实现效果的影响,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值的实现机制模型。
在此基础上,分析了冰雪旅游资源价值提升的因素并对其进行归类,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值提升的路径模型,并据此从产业发展、结构优化、形象整饰和环境调控等方面提出了提升冰雪旅游资源价值的策略。
本文最后选取黑龙江省A景区冰雪旅游资源进行实证分析,重点评价了A景区冰雪旅游资源的价值和开发效应。在此基础上,进一步分析了导致A景区冰雪旅游资源开发效应低下原因,给出了诸如加大宣传促销力度、遵循市场导向、加强标准化建设等有助于提升黑龙江省A景区冰雪旅游资源价值的对策。
Since reform and opening up, Chinese tourism industry has undergone great development. One of the main trends of tourism development is that the tourism transforms from the single-tourism to holidays and all kinds of specialized tourism such as sports tourism. As an important component of sports tourism, ice and snow tourism is one of projects which are developing rapidly. However, with the expansion of ice and snow tourism’s scale, the contradictions and problems in all aspects and levels restricting the development of tourism are further highlighted. Analyzed from the practice of tourism resources development, the problems such as the tourism resources developing disorderly and wasted, predatory development and operation, repeating development phenomenon becoming serious, poor economic effect of ice and snow tourism still exist with the expansion of ice and snow tourism’s scale. The deep-seated reason of these problems is the inadequate understanding of ice and snow tourism resources value. At present, the development of ice and snow tourism resources has made great progress, but the system for value research is not perfect, and many problems such as basic concept and classification of tourism resources, formation mechanism and realization mechanism of ice and snow tourism resources value, and the promoting path of ice and snow tourism resources value don’t have complete theoretical study. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the study of the formation, realization and promotion of ice and snow tourism resources value. This study will provide theoretical basis for tourism resources planning and development, and provide the basis for investment decision-making and target market identifying.
This dissertation does research on ice and snow tourism resources value formation mechanism and realization mechanism. Firstly, ice and snow tourism resources are defined. Based on the concept of ice and snow tourism resources, ice and snow tourism resources are divided into natural tourism resources and cultural tourism resources two categories. The cognitive model of ice and snow tourism resources is depicted. The concept of ice and snow tourism resources value is proposed from the angle of the subject and the object, and the characteristics of ice and snow tourism resources value are analyzed. Through factor analysis, the forming elements of ice and snow tourism resources value are summed up, which are economic factors, cultural factors and ecological factors. On this basis, the ice and snow tourism resources value system is constructed.
Secondly, the dynamic mechanism, synergy mechanism and coupling mechanism of ice and snow tourism resources value formation are analyzed. The model of ice and snow tourism resources value formation mechanism is constructed. Then, the elements such as human resources, capital, technology and system are analyzed, the elements integration mechanism, elements allocation mechanism and main incentive mechanism and main coordination mechanism are also analyzed. Meanwhile, the influence of tourists’cognition to the effect of ice and snow tourism resources value realization is analyzed. The model of ice and snow tourism resources value realization mechanism is constructed.
On this basis, factors of promoting ice and snow tourism resources value are analyzed and classified. The path model for promoting ice and snow tourism resources value is constructed. Besides, according to the model, the countermeasures for promoting ice and snow tourism resources value are proposed from the aspects of industry development, structure optimization, image completion and environment control.
This dissertation does the empirical analysis on A scenic spot ice and snow tourism resources of Heilongjiang Province in the final chapter. The focus of this chapter is the evaluation of value and development effect of A scenic area ice and snow tourism resources. On this basis, reasons resulting in low development effect of A scenic area ice and snow tourism resources are analyzed, and the countermeasures for promoting the ice and snow tourism resources value of Heilongjiang Province such as increasing publicity and marketing power, adhering to market orientation and enhancing standardization are proposed.
本文对冰雪旅游资源价值的形成与实现机制进行了有益的探讨。首先,界定了冰雪旅游资源,基于冰雪旅游资源的内涵,将其分为自然旅游资源和人文旅游资源两大类。接着描述出冰雪旅游资源的价值认知模型,从主客体的角度给出了冰雪旅游资源价值的概念,分析了冰雪旅游资源价值的特点。并通过因子分析总结出了冰雪旅游资源价值的构成要素:经济要素、文化要素和生态要素。在此基础上,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值体系。
其次,对冰雪旅游资源价值形成的动力机制、协同机制和耦合机制进行了分析,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值的形成机制模型。然后,分析了影响冰雪旅游资源价值实现的人力、资金、技术和制度要素以及要素集成机制和要素配置机制、主体激励机制和主体协调机制,同时分析了游客认知对冰雪旅游资源价值实现效果的影响,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值的实现机制模型。
在此基础上,分析了冰雪旅游资源价值提升的因素并对其进行归类,构建了冰雪旅游资源价值提升的路径模型,并据此从产业发展、结构优化、形象整饰和环境调控等方面提出了提升冰雪旅游资源价值的策略。
本文最后选取黑龙江省A景区冰雪旅游资源进行实证分析,重点评价了A景区冰雪旅游资源的价值和开发效应。在此基础上,进一步分析了导致A景区冰雪旅游资源开发效应低下原因,给出了诸如加大宣传促销力度、遵循市场导向、加强标准化建设等有助于提升黑龙江省A景区冰雪旅游资源价值的对策。
Since reform and opening up, Chinese tourism industry has undergone great development. One of the main trends of tourism development is that the tourism transforms from the single-tourism to holidays and all kinds of specialized tourism such as sports tourism. As an important component of sports tourism, ice and snow tourism is one of projects which are developing rapidly. However, with the expansion of ice and snow tourism’s scale, the contradictions and problems in all aspects and levels restricting the development of tourism are further highlighted. Analyzed from the practice of tourism resources development, the problems such as the tourism resources developing disorderly and wasted, predatory development and operation, repeating development phenomenon becoming serious, poor economic effect of ice and snow tourism still exist with the expansion of ice and snow tourism’s scale. The deep-seated reason of these problems is the inadequate understanding of ice and snow tourism resources value. At present, the development of ice and snow tourism resources has made great progress, but the system for value research is not perfect, and many problems such as basic concept and classification of tourism resources, formation mechanism and realization mechanism of ice and snow tourism resources value, and the promoting path of ice and snow tourism resources value don’t have complete theoretical study. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the study of the formation, realization and promotion of ice and snow tourism resources value. This study will provide theoretical basis for tourism resources planning and development, and provide the basis for investment decision-making and target market identifying.
This dissertation does research on ice and snow tourism resources value formation mechanism and realization mechanism. Firstly, ice and snow tourism resources are defined. Based on the concept of ice and snow tourism resources, ice and snow tourism resources are divided into natural tourism resources and cultural tourism resources two categories. The cognitive model of ice and snow tourism resources is depicted. The concept of ice and snow tourism resources value is proposed from the angle of the subject and the object, and the characteristics of ice and snow tourism resources value are analyzed. Through factor analysis, the forming elements of ice and snow tourism resources value are summed up, which are economic factors, cultural factors and ecological factors. On this basis, the ice and snow tourism resources value system is constructed.
Secondly, the dynamic mechanism, synergy mechanism and coupling mechanism of ice and snow tourism resources value formation are analyzed. The model of ice and snow tourism resources value formation mechanism is constructed. Then, the elements such as human resources, capital, technology and system are analyzed, the elements integration mechanism, elements allocation mechanism and main incentive mechanism and main coordination mechanism are also analyzed. Meanwhile, the influence of tourists’cognition to the effect of ice and snow tourism resources value realization is analyzed. The model of ice and snow tourism resources value realization mechanism is constructed.
On this basis, factors of promoting ice and snow tourism resources value are analyzed and classified. The path model for promoting ice and snow tourism resources value is constructed. Besides, according to the model, the countermeasures for promoting ice and snow tourism resources value are proposed from the aspects of industry development, structure optimization, image completion and environment control.
This dissertation does the empirical analysis on A scenic spot ice and snow tourism resources of Heilongjiang Province in the final chapter. The focus of this chapter is the evaluation of value and development effect of A scenic area ice and snow tourism resources. On this basis, reasons resulting in low development effect of A scenic area ice and snow tourism resources are analyzed, and the countermeasures for promoting the ice and snow tourism resources value of Heilongjiang Province such as increasing publicity and marketing power, adhering to market orientation and enhancing standardization are proposed.
引文
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