阿尔金山北缘喀腊大湾地区遥感异常信息提取及找矿靶区预测
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摘要
阿尔金山北缘喀腊大湾地区位于塔里木板块南缘中阿尔金地块的红柳沟-拉配泉构造带东段,处于NE向阿尔金走滑断裂北侧与近EW向阿尔金北缘断裂所夹持的区域,近年来的一系列地质、矿产调查工作,在该区勘查并详查了一批中-大型矿床,包括铁、铜、铅锌矿床,显示出很大的找矿潜力。
随着遥感技术的发展,陆地资源卫星的传感器的空间分辨率和波谱分辨率都在大幅提高,利用多-高光谱遥感影像,对基岩裸露地区进行遥感异常信息提取、岩性解译、地层与构造信息解译等工作,从而辅助地质找矿,目前已经成为区域成矿预测的一个重要因子。
本文以区域地质研究成果和现代成矿预测理论为指导,以区域已知的地质矿产勘查成果、区域化探异常为基础,以ETM+和ASTER多光谱遥感影像处理分析为手段,对喀腊大湾地区进行了地层、构造解译,并结合已知矿床的矿化蚀变类型,提取了与成矿有关的典型蚀变矿物信息,在此基础上建立了研究区典型矿床遥感综合成矿信息模型,分析了区域容矿地层信息、控矿构造信息、与成矿关系密切的侵入岩信息、以及化探异常信息等,接着又建立了研究区遥感找矿综合信息模型,认为区域的主要容矿地层为寒武系喀腊大湾组火山-沉积岩系、太古宙达格拉格布拉克组变质岩系,喀腊达坂断裂和阿尔金北缘断裂控制了遥感异常的分布,区域晚寒武系侵入岩是与成矿关系密切的岩体信息,从而为下一步的找矿靶区预测工作奠定了基础。
结合区域多元找矿信息的遥感影像特点以及地质、构造、化探背景,建立起了区域遥感找矿模型,并圈定了三个不同的找矿靶区,分别是喀腊大湾西火山块状硫化物型Cu-Pb-Zn找矿靶区、阿北东热液型Ag-Pb找矿靶区、喀腊达坂东Pb-Zn-Cu找矿靶区,这些结论为该区下一步的地质勘查和找矿部署工作提供了科学依据和遥感勘查成果。
多元找矿信息分析进行的找矿靶区圈定以及野外验证表明,遥感异常信息能够为地质找矿提供重要依据,也证明了遥感+地质+物、化探多元成矿信息分析在找矿预测工作中相互结合和相互验证的必要性。
The Kaladawan area of northern Altun mountain is located in the Hongliugou Lapeiquan tectonic zone of southern margin of the Tarim plate.In regional scale, it is sandwhiched within the NE-trending Altun strike-slip faults and EW-trending northern Altun fault. Preliminary research and mineralogic survey suggests that this region have a great potential of lead-zinc-copper-gold mineralization.However, large-scale geologic work is hard to carry out because of the topgraphic and geologic conditions.
Along with the development of remote sensing technology, scientists begin to use remote sensing data to extract information associated with mineralization in regional scale.And this method become a typical model in the remote sensing geology field.
Under the guidance of modern mineralogic prognisis theory, based on the regional geology information, mineralogic information, geochemical anomaly information, the author use Multi-spectral remote sensing data-ETM+and ASTER as a tool to extract regional alteration information.ETM+and ASTER data have been processed by ENVI software package to interpret regional linement structure and threshoding anomaly information of hydroxyl and ferric minerals.Measured Spectral data from the Kaladaban Pb-Zn deposits have been used as a reference to extract information associated with Fe3+, Al-OH, Mg-OH, CO32-information.
Models of remote sensing ore-formaing mechanism of typical deposit have been established in order to know the ore-forming mechanism of the whole area.The information include ore-containg formation,regional structure,remote sensing anomaly,geochemical anomaly.The C1-2k volcanic-sedimentary formation and the Ardg formation is considered as the main ore-contaning formation,the regional EW-trending and NE-trending faults have close relationship with regional deposits.Mineralogenis prognosis have been targeted under the guidance of regional metallogenic background. Kaladawan West Cu, Pb, Zn polymetallic prospecting target, Kaladaban East Cu-Pb-Zn ore prospecting target and A-bei East Ag-Pb prospecting target were chosen as the results of this study.Field verification have been carried out by the author, and several Pb, Zn mineralization alteration were observed and verified in the Kaladawan west target area, although further study and field work is still needed in this study.Results show that this study can be a useful reference for the next step of ore-prosepecting programe.
随着遥感技术的发展,陆地资源卫星的传感器的空间分辨率和波谱分辨率都在大幅提高,利用多-高光谱遥感影像,对基岩裸露地区进行遥感异常信息提取、岩性解译、地层与构造信息解译等工作,从而辅助地质找矿,目前已经成为区域成矿预测的一个重要因子。
本文以区域地质研究成果和现代成矿预测理论为指导,以区域已知的地质矿产勘查成果、区域化探异常为基础,以ETM+和ASTER多光谱遥感影像处理分析为手段,对喀腊大湾地区进行了地层、构造解译,并结合已知矿床的矿化蚀变类型,提取了与成矿有关的典型蚀变矿物信息,在此基础上建立了研究区典型矿床遥感综合成矿信息模型,分析了区域容矿地层信息、控矿构造信息、与成矿关系密切的侵入岩信息、以及化探异常信息等,接着又建立了研究区遥感找矿综合信息模型,认为区域的主要容矿地层为寒武系喀腊大湾组火山-沉积岩系、太古宙达格拉格布拉克组变质岩系,喀腊达坂断裂和阿尔金北缘断裂控制了遥感异常的分布,区域晚寒武系侵入岩是与成矿关系密切的岩体信息,从而为下一步的找矿靶区预测工作奠定了基础。
结合区域多元找矿信息的遥感影像特点以及地质、构造、化探背景,建立起了区域遥感找矿模型,并圈定了三个不同的找矿靶区,分别是喀腊大湾西火山块状硫化物型Cu-Pb-Zn找矿靶区、阿北东热液型Ag-Pb找矿靶区、喀腊达坂东Pb-Zn-Cu找矿靶区,这些结论为该区下一步的地质勘查和找矿部署工作提供了科学依据和遥感勘查成果。
多元找矿信息分析进行的找矿靶区圈定以及野外验证表明,遥感异常信息能够为地质找矿提供重要依据,也证明了遥感+地质+物、化探多元成矿信息分析在找矿预测工作中相互结合和相互验证的必要性。
The Kaladawan area of northern Altun mountain is located in the Hongliugou Lapeiquan tectonic zone of southern margin of the Tarim plate.In regional scale, it is sandwhiched within the NE-trending Altun strike-slip faults and EW-trending northern Altun fault. Preliminary research and mineralogic survey suggests that this region have a great potential of lead-zinc-copper-gold mineralization.However, large-scale geologic work is hard to carry out because of the topgraphic and geologic conditions.
Along with the development of remote sensing technology, scientists begin to use remote sensing data to extract information associated with mineralization in regional scale.And this method become a typical model in the remote sensing geology field.
Under the guidance of modern mineralogic prognisis theory, based on the regional geology information, mineralogic information, geochemical anomaly information, the author use Multi-spectral remote sensing data-ETM+and ASTER as a tool to extract regional alteration information.ETM+and ASTER data have been processed by ENVI software package to interpret regional linement structure and threshoding anomaly information of hydroxyl and ferric minerals.Measured Spectral data from the Kaladaban Pb-Zn deposits have been used as a reference to extract information associated with Fe3+, Al-OH, Mg-OH, CO32-information.
Models of remote sensing ore-formaing mechanism of typical deposit have been established in order to know the ore-forming mechanism of the whole area.The information include ore-containg formation,regional structure,remote sensing anomaly,geochemical anomaly.The C1-2k volcanic-sedimentary formation and the Ardg formation is considered as the main ore-contaning formation,the regional EW-trending and NE-trending faults have close relationship with regional deposits.Mineralogenis prognosis have been targeted under the guidance of regional metallogenic background. Kaladawan West Cu, Pb, Zn polymetallic prospecting target, Kaladaban East Cu-Pb-Zn ore prospecting target and A-bei East Ag-Pb prospecting target were chosen as the results of this study.Field verification have been carried out by the author, and several Pb, Zn mineralization alteration were observed and verified in the Kaladawan west target area, although further study and field work is still needed in this study.Results show that this study can be a useful reference for the next step of ore-prosepecting programe.
引文
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