乘用车正面抗撞性设计方法研究
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摘要
本文通过实际参与道路交通事故调查,利用对车辆在实际交通事故中的碰撞类型的模拟分析,提取车辆结构的碰撞特征值,应用于车辆概念设计开发过程。在产品概念设计阶段应用MADYMO和CAE相结合的方法,对车辆正面抗撞性进行概念设计,实现车辆前端结构断面参数概念阶段的参数提取,并实现初步的能量管理。在产品详细设计阶段,针对不同的正面碰撞形式(低速、高速40%ODB、100%刚性墙)对车辆前端结构(保险杠骨架、碰撞缓冲器和前纵梁)进行阶段性设计和分析方法研究;实现了多目标多参数的优化控制。对40%ODB碰撞模式下保险杠骨架断裂现象进行了剖析,通过模拟分析提出了相关的解决途径和方法,并通过整车试验进行了验证。运用简单的CAE模型,实现了车辆前端结构对正面安全气囊不起爆和起爆阈值的预判断。阐述了前端结构对正面安全气囊不起爆速度阈值的影响,实现了乘员约束系统前期的过程控制。建立了乘用车正面碰撞乘员约束系统性能设计的一般方法,阐述了正面碰撞乘员约束系统性能控制的一般原则;
本文从实际道路交通事故调查到乘用车产品概念设计,再到车辆前端结构分阶段多工况设计和分析,最后到正面碰撞乘员约束系统性能设计,实现了对乘用车车身结构正面抗撞性和乘员约束系统性能设计的控制。
本文所研究的方法初步形成了乘用车正面抗撞性的碰撞控制逻辑、判断逻辑和结构设计准则,为实现乘用车被动安全性能控制提供了切实可行的方法和依据,并对国产汽车自主开发企业乘用车被动安全性的开发设计有重要的借鉴意义。
At present the automobile industry faces three important subjects–“Safety, Environmental Protection, Energy Saving”. Automobile safety includes active safety and passive safety. Active safety can automatically avoid vehicle from accident and reduce accident happening probability, while passive safety also reduces occupants’injuring and the property damaging by enhancing crashworthiness and optimizing occupant restraint system. After promulgating GB11551-2003 and carrying out CNCAP, the safety design of passenger car becomes the focus for all automobile manufactories. It’s very important to solve the vehicle body crash worthiness in the development period for them.
Frontal crash is the major crash form in real traffic accident, and the frontal crash worthiness is the essential design target for vehicle passivity. When appearing a fault design in the tradition design procedures, it’s difficult to modify the structure and will delay the development period, sometimes. For avoiding the problem which is mentioned, this paper submit a design method which designing body structure from concept design to multiple targets optimization design. It will realize the performance control to the vehicle body structure. The content and innovation in my paper are as follows:
1. Applying the traffic accident investigation to design the passenger car body structure for crash worthiness. Controlling the performance at the production definition phases for the first time.
2. Applying MADYMO to design the passenger car body structure for crash worthiness in concept phases. Extracting section parameter of the front structure, and realizing energy management.
3. Realizing multi-targets and multi-parameters optimization control according to designing the front structure (bumper beam, crash box and front beam) for different frontal crash forms(low speed, high speed-40%ODB and 100%FRB).
4. Anatomizing the phenomena which the bumper beam is broken during 40%ODB crash test. Putting forward the interrelated method to solve and validating it by the vehicle crash test.
5. Applying the energy density method to analyses the performance of the front structure which is serious deformable during first 20~30ms in the 100% rigid wall crash. By this method, we initialize the speed of airbag deploys, and we will get the speed of airbag doesn’t deploy. That will efficiently reduce the phenomena which the airbag deploys in the low speed.
6. expounding the normal method for front passenger restraint system performance control.
7. A large amount of simulations was carried out by using Hyper-Works, VPG, Ls-Dyna and Madymo. And evaluating and contrasting the analyses result of the frontal crash worthness.
This thesis founds a method which designs the passenger car body structure, from real traffic accident investigation to concept design, and to optimize the front structure(bumper beam, crash box and front beam) with different frontal crash form, and to matching the passenger restraint system. This thesis will become a special reference to most OEMs in China.
本文从实际道路交通事故调查到乘用车产品概念设计,再到车辆前端结构分阶段多工况设计和分析,最后到正面碰撞乘员约束系统性能设计,实现了对乘用车车身结构正面抗撞性和乘员约束系统性能设计的控制。
本文所研究的方法初步形成了乘用车正面抗撞性的碰撞控制逻辑、判断逻辑和结构设计准则,为实现乘用车被动安全性能控制提供了切实可行的方法和依据,并对国产汽车自主开发企业乘用车被动安全性的开发设计有重要的借鉴意义。
At present the automobile industry faces three important subjects–“Safety, Environmental Protection, Energy Saving”. Automobile safety includes active safety and passive safety. Active safety can automatically avoid vehicle from accident and reduce accident happening probability, while passive safety also reduces occupants’injuring and the property damaging by enhancing crashworthiness and optimizing occupant restraint system. After promulgating GB11551-2003 and carrying out CNCAP, the safety design of passenger car becomes the focus for all automobile manufactories. It’s very important to solve the vehicle body crash worthiness in the development period for them.
Frontal crash is the major crash form in real traffic accident, and the frontal crash worthiness is the essential design target for vehicle passivity. When appearing a fault design in the tradition design procedures, it’s difficult to modify the structure and will delay the development period, sometimes. For avoiding the problem which is mentioned, this paper submit a design method which designing body structure from concept design to multiple targets optimization design. It will realize the performance control to the vehicle body structure. The content and innovation in my paper are as follows:
1. Applying the traffic accident investigation to design the passenger car body structure for crash worthiness. Controlling the performance at the production definition phases for the first time.
2. Applying MADYMO to design the passenger car body structure for crash worthiness in concept phases. Extracting section parameter of the front structure, and realizing energy management.
3. Realizing multi-targets and multi-parameters optimization control according to designing the front structure (bumper beam, crash box and front beam) for different frontal crash forms(low speed, high speed-40%ODB and 100%FRB).
4. Anatomizing the phenomena which the bumper beam is broken during 40%ODB crash test. Putting forward the interrelated method to solve and validating it by the vehicle crash test.
5. Applying the energy density method to analyses the performance of the front structure which is serious deformable during first 20~30ms in the 100% rigid wall crash. By this method, we initialize the speed of airbag deploys, and we will get the speed of airbag doesn’t deploy. That will efficiently reduce the phenomena which the airbag deploys in the low speed.
6. expounding the normal method for front passenger restraint system performance control.
7. A large amount of simulations was carried out by using Hyper-Works, VPG, Ls-Dyna and Madymo. And evaluating and contrasting the analyses result of the frontal crash worthness.
This thesis founds a method which designs the passenger car body structure, from real traffic accident investigation to concept design, and to optimize the front structure(bumper beam, crash box and front beam) with different frontal crash form, and to matching the passenger restraint system. This thesis will become a special reference to most OEMs in China.
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