三维人体建模理论研究及虚拟试衣仿真初探
|
摘要
目前,随着网络的普及和虚拟现实技术的发展,国内外服装CAD技术日趋成熟,且已形成商品化。由于穿在复杂三维人体身上的服装是立体的,这必将促使服装CAD及其相关技术从以二维技术为核心的服装CAD系统向着立体化、智能化、网络化、集成化等方向发展。其中,三维服装CAD、虚拟穿着和数字化服装定制是近年来国内外学术界普遍关注和研究的重要课题。
三维服装虚拟试衣系统(3D Garment Virtual Try-On System)是三维服装CAD立体化的重要组成部分,是目前服装CAD领域的发展方向。三维服装虚拟试衣系统可以在服装制作之前就可看到着装效果,这既帮助了服装设计师更好地构思设计,又可以让顾客根据着装效果方便快捷地做出自己最理想的选择,从而不仅有效的减小了企业的运营成本,而且还大大的提高了服装产品的销售量。
论文在三维服装CAD相关理论的基础上,利用纺织与服装、计算机图形学等方面的技术,从研究三维人体、服装建模理论出发,结合数学运算、数字图象处理等技术手段,实现了三维人体建模,并对三维服装曲面的生成和着装效果的模拟做了初探性的研究。
构建三维人体曲面,必须获得人体曲面的顶点信息。论文对获取人体曲面顶点信息的一般方法作了分析。但是,由于条件的限制,不能通过测量直接获得,所以课题采用了别人已经测量好的顶点数据。具体的说,就是利用专用的三维人体造型软件自带的人体模型,将其导出为3DS文件,再根据3DS文件的存储格式,利用计算机程序将文件中的有用的人体曲面的顶点信息提取出来;然后,根据服装CAD对人体模型的的的要求,将三角剖分技术应用在人体曲面建模上,即应用基于空间体的三角剖分技术将获得的人体曲面上众多的散乱数据点进行有效的三角剖分,再利用一个个小三角形来逼近人体各部件的曲面,从而构建整个人体模型。
Currently, along with the universality of the network and the development of virtual reality, the technique of domestic and international garment CAD is gradually maturing, and has becomed to commercialize. Because of the garments that put on the complicated three dimension human bodies are stereoscopic, this makes the technique of Two Dimension Garment CAD and its related technology trend to be stereoscopic, intelligent, integrated. Among of them, Three Dimension Garment CAD,Virtual Try-On and Digital Garment Tailor are important subjects which are concerned and investigated in domestic and international academic circles in recent years.
Three dimension Garment Virtual Try-On System is an important part of the Three Dimension Garment CAD, and it is the development direction in the current garment CAD field. The effects of Try-On system will be seen before the garment being created through Three Dimension Garment Virtual Try-On system, this point not only helps garment designer to conceive better, but also lets customer make the idealest choice conveniently and fastly according to the effects of Try-On system.Then, it not only effectively decreases the enterprise’s running cost, but also consumedly increases the sale quantity of the clothing product.
Based on the related theories of Three Dimension Garment CAD technique, this thesis is aimed to realize three dimension human body modeling, and to analysis three dimension garment curved face and the effects of try-on detailedly,using the technical support of fabric and clothing, computer graphics etc, and also making use of the research of three dimension the human body, garment model, and mathematics, digital image manipulation technique etc.
To re-construct three dimension human body, the related information about mannequin surface must be mined first. The common methods of obtaining mannequin surface information is briefly introduced in the thesis at first. Because of the facility restraint, the data uses in this paper referred to reports and papers of other researchers. In details, to read out vertex information of human body from a 3DS-formatted file that is extracted from the design model by the application of professional 3D human body modeling software.Then, according to the applied characteristics of the garment CAD, a new triangular subdivision method is applied in human body curved face modeling realization. Put simply, it requires to implementing effective triangular subdivisions of mass data point on the human body model and reconstructing human body by the help of minor triangle chip approximation.
三维服装虚拟试衣系统(3D Garment Virtual Try-On System)是三维服装CAD立体化的重要组成部分,是目前服装CAD领域的发展方向。三维服装虚拟试衣系统可以在服装制作之前就可看到着装效果,这既帮助了服装设计师更好地构思设计,又可以让顾客根据着装效果方便快捷地做出自己最理想的选择,从而不仅有效的减小了企业的运营成本,而且还大大的提高了服装产品的销售量。
论文在三维服装CAD相关理论的基础上,利用纺织与服装、计算机图形学等方面的技术,从研究三维人体、服装建模理论出发,结合数学运算、数字图象处理等技术手段,实现了三维人体建模,并对三维服装曲面的生成和着装效果的模拟做了初探性的研究。
构建三维人体曲面,必须获得人体曲面的顶点信息。论文对获取人体曲面顶点信息的一般方法作了分析。但是,由于条件的限制,不能通过测量直接获得,所以课题采用了别人已经测量好的顶点数据。具体的说,就是利用专用的三维人体造型软件自带的人体模型,将其导出为3DS文件,再根据3DS文件的存储格式,利用计算机程序将文件中的有用的人体曲面的顶点信息提取出来;然后,根据服装CAD对人体模型的的的要求,将三角剖分技术应用在人体曲面建模上,即应用基于空间体的三角剖分技术将获得的人体曲面上众多的散乱数据点进行有效的三角剖分,再利用一个个小三角形来逼近人体各部件的曲面,从而构建整个人体模型。
Currently, along with the universality of the network and the development of virtual reality, the technique of domestic and international garment CAD is gradually maturing, and has becomed to commercialize. Because of the garments that put on the complicated three dimension human bodies are stereoscopic, this makes the technique of Two Dimension Garment CAD and its related technology trend to be stereoscopic, intelligent, integrated. Among of them, Three Dimension Garment CAD,Virtual Try-On and Digital Garment Tailor are important subjects which are concerned and investigated in domestic and international academic circles in recent years.
Three dimension Garment Virtual Try-On System is an important part of the Three Dimension Garment CAD, and it is the development direction in the current garment CAD field. The effects of Try-On system will be seen before the garment being created through Three Dimension Garment Virtual Try-On system, this point not only helps garment designer to conceive better, but also lets customer make the idealest choice conveniently and fastly according to the effects of Try-On system.Then, it not only effectively decreases the enterprise’s running cost, but also consumedly increases the sale quantity of the clothing product.
Based on the related theories of Three Dimension Garment CAD technique, this thesis is aimed to realize three dimension human body modeling, and to analysis three dimension garment curved face and the effects of try-on detailedly,using the technical support of fabric and clothing, computer graphics etc, and also making use of the research of three dimension the human body, garment model, and mathematics, digital image manipulation technique etc.
To re-construct three dimension human body, the related information about mannequin surface must be mined first. The common methods of obtaining mannequin surface information is briefly introduced in the thesis at first. Because of the facility restraint, the data uses in this paper referred to reports and papers of other researchers. In details, to read out vertex information of human body from a 3DS-formatted file that is extracted from the design model by the application of professional 3D human body modeling software.Then, according to the applied characteristics of the garment CAD, a new triangular subdivision method is applied in human body curved face modeling realization. Put simply, it requires to implementing effective triangular subdivisions of mass data point on the human body model and reconstructing human body by the help of minor triangle chip approximation.
引文
[1] 马玲.服装 CAD 推广应用研究:[硕士学位论文].天津:天津工业大学,2005,2
[2] 张鸿志.服装 CAD 原理与应用.北京:中国纺织出版社,2005:3-34
[3] 赵锘平,张谓源等.服装 CAD 技术发展与展望[J].天津纺织工学院学报,2000,19(5):70-73
[4] 洛微艳.服装 CAD 应用系统的比较及发展方向.天津纺织科技,2002,3:4-7
[5] 梁建军,冯毅力,李汝勤.服装 CAD 技术研究的现状与方向.纺织学报,2003,24(6):104-107
[6] 夏平,孟凡鹃,姚进.三维服装 CAD 技术研究综述.成都纺织高等专科学校学报,2005,22(2):11-14
[7] 朱广舟,李晓久.三维服装 CAD 技术研究现状.针织工业,2005,4(4):55-57
[8] 翟红英.高科技让人们的服装更合体——谈三维服装试衣系统技术.高科技与生活,2003.5:41-43
[9] 潘云.CAD 系统与方法.浙江:浙江大学出版社.1996,5
[10] CAD 信息网 www.chinacad.com
[11] 斯蒂芬.格瑞.服装 CAD/CAM 概论.北京:中国纺织出版社,2000
[12] 法国力克公司 http://www.lectra.com/EN/41000.htm
[13] 西班牙艾维系统 http://www.investronica-sis.es/ingles/products/index.htm
[14] 加拿大派特公司网http://www.padsystem.com
[15] 许端清,陈纯.纺织智能 CAD/CAM 系统(CAPSP)的研究与实现.中国青年计算机研究新进展,1996:47-451
[16] 刘卉,许端清,陈纯.服装 CAD 综述.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2000,6,12(6)
[17] 瑞士 Miralab 实验室 http://miralabwww.unige.ch/
[18] 穿针引线服装网 http://www.eeff.com.cn/news/2006/7/11/134852.html
[19] 穿针引线服装网 http://www.eeff.com.cn/news/2006/7/29/101914.html
[20] 试衣网站 My Virtual Model(MVM). http://www.myvirtualmodel.com/en/index.htm
[21] Frederic C,Hyewon S,Nadia M T. Made-to-Measure Technologies for an Online Clothing Store. IEEE Computer Graphics,2003,23(1):38-48
[22] James Clarke. E-TAILOR: Integration of 3D Body Measurement, Advanced CAD,and E-Commerce Technologies in the European Fashion Industry.International Journal of e-Business Strategy Management,2001,2(3):201-209
[23] 方英.服装虚拟试衣系统.亚洲纺织,2000,2
[24] Paquette S.3D Scanning in Apparel Design and Human Engineering.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1996,16(5):11-15
[25] D.Terzopoulos,K.Fleischer,Deformable Models,Visual.Computer,1988,1(4):306-331
[26] D E Breen.Computer graphics in textiles and apparel modeling.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1996,16(5):26-27
[27] X.Provot.Deformation Constraints in a Mass-spring Model to Describe Rigid Cloth Behavior.Proc.of Graphics Interface,1995:147-154
[28] P.Howelett,W.T.Hewitt.Mass -Spring Simulation using Adaptive Non-Active Points. Eurographics.1998,17(3)
[29] M-Thalmann,Y.Yang.Techniques for Cloth Animation.in NewTrends in Animation and Visualization.N.M-Thalmann and U.Thalmann,eds,John Wiley&Sons,UK,1991:243-256
[30] 丁玉兰,郭刚,赵江洪.人机工程学.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2000
[31] Paquette S.3D Scanning in Apparel Design and Human Engineering.IEEE Computer Graphics andApplications,1996,16(5):11-15
[32] C E Clauser,I Tebbets,B Bradtmiller.Measurer’s Handbook:US.Army Anthropometric Survey . New York:Nation Press,1988
[33] Jones P R M, Rioux M. Three-dimensional Surface Anthropometry:Applications to the Human Body.Optics and Lasers in Engineering,1997,28(9):89-117
[34] 许增补.三维人体尺寸自动测量法的研究.天津轻工业学院学报,1993 年增刊
[35] 丁其泥,荣国浚,苏红宇.相位测量技术在人体尺寸自动测量中的应用.北京服装学院学报,1992,12(2)
[36] 赵欲晓.浅谈人体计测的发展.服装设计师,2002,8(2):129-131
[37] 朱辉,杨建国,张朝云.电脑服装设计[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1996
[38] Hurley J D,Demers M H,Wulpern R C.Body measurement system using white light projected patterns for made-to-measure apparel.SPIE,1997,(3131):212-223
[39] 胡敏,李勇,张新民.三维人体建模综述.焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2001,20(3):233-236
[40] 宫 可想 ,周 淑秋 ,常 宪 平等 . 三维人体建模 技术 探 讨 .首都 师范 大学学 报 ( 自然 科学版)2003,24(4):17-20
[41] 张昭华,徐军.三维人体建模方法研究.陕西纺织,2004,61:34-36
[42] 吴湘,赵万生,魏莉.三维几何表示法.航天制造技术,2002,4(29):40-43
[43] 宋顺林,詹永照.三维计算机动画中人体建模方法的研究.软件学报,1995,6(5):311-315
[44] 周晓云,朱心雄.散乱数据点三角剖分方法综述.工程图学学报,1993,1:48-54
[45] 朱心雄.自由曲线曲面造型技术.科学出版社,2000:80-81,104-105,152-153
[46] 武剑洁,樊劲.基于特征的服装人体模型参数化建模方法.武汉理工大学学报,2000,28(1):29-32
[47] B.Xu,Y.Huang,W.Yu,T.Chen.Body Scanning and Modeling for Custom Fit Garments.Journal of Textile And Apparel,Technology And Management,2002,2:2-11
[48] 付世波,袁修干.基于 B 样条曲面的人体模型的建立.计算机学报,1998,21(12):1131-1135
[49] Les Piegl.On NURBS:A Survey,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1991,1:55-71
[50] 吴晓燕,卢习林.基于 NUKBS 插值的散乱数据点人体自由曲面重构技术,北京服装学院学报(自然科学版),2001,21(2):45-52
[51] 姚平,刘福君,袁哲俊.EE 样条曲线和曲面.微电子学与计算机,1985,8:5-8
[52] 于德敏,许增朴.非接触三维人体测量数据的 EE 样条拟合.天津轻工业学院学报,1993 年增刊:51-54
[53] 朱洲.三维人体信息获取及虚拟服装试穿技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004,8
[54] R.Shamms Mortier.Poser4 实用指南.电子工业出版社.2000,10
[55] 和平鸽工作室.OpenGL 三维图形系统开发与实用技术.重庆:清华大学出版社,重庆大学出版社.2003,8
[56] 白燕斌.OpenGL 三维图形库编程指南.机械工业出版社.1998.4
[57] 尚游,张爽.OpenGL 高级图形编程指南.哈尔滨工程大学出版社.1999,1
[58] 周晓云.散乱数据几何造型技术研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京航空航天大学,1993
[59] B.K.Choi,H.Y. Shin,Y.I.Yoon & J.W.Lee,Triangulation of scattered data in 3D space.CAD, 1988,20(5)
[60] 张剑,黄敏,彭金祥等.边用边学服装 CAD 款式设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003,4
[61] 张瑞云,李汝勤.服装 CAD 中三维人体数据处理与曲面拟合.东华大学学报(自然科技学版),2000,02:50-55
[62] 孙家广,杨长贵.计算机图形学.2.北京:清华大学出版社,1995 年
[63] Donald Hearn,M. Pauline Baker.计算机图形学.电子工业出版社,2002.5
[64] 吴志明,王鹏.基于 OpenGL 的三维服装 CAD 中的光照技术的实现.北京服装学院学报,2005,25(4):25～30
[65] 张瑞云,李汝勤.用纹理映射技术实现三维着装效果展示.中国纺织大学学报,2000,26(4)
[66] 范波,吴慧中.多面体表面纹理映射方法的研究.计算机研究与发展,1999,33(4)
[67] 和平鸽工作室.OpenGL 高级编程与可视化系统开发.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003,1
[68] 朱李丽,邓中民等.三维服装 CAD 中人体建模综述.武汉科技学院学报,2004,17(1):19-21
[69] 王清辉,王彪.Vicual C++ CAD 应用系统开发指南.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[70] 李于剑.Visual C++ 实践与提高-图形图像编程篇.北京:中国铁道学院,2001
[2] 张鸿志.服装 CAD 原理与应用.北京:中国纺织出版社,2005:3-34
[3] 赵锘平,张谓源等.服装 CAD 技术发展与展望[J].天津纺织工学院学报,2000,19(5):70-73
[4] 洛微艳.服装 CAD 应用系统的比较及发展方向.天津纺织科技,2002,3:4-7
[5] 梁建军,冯毅力,李汝勤.服装 CAD 技术研究的现状与方向.纺织学报,2003,24(6):104-107
[6] 夏平,孟凡鹃,姚进.三维服装 CAD 技术研究综述.成都纺织高等专科学校学报,2005,22(2):11-14
[7] 朱广舟,李晓久.三维服装 CAD 技术研究现状.针织工业,2005,4(4):55-57
[8] 翟红英.高科技让人们的服装更合体——谈三维服装试衣系统技术.高科技与生活,2003.5:41-43
[9] 潘云.CAD 系统与方法.浙江:浙江大学出版社.1996,5
[10] CAD 信息网 www.chinacad.com
[11] 斯蒂芬.格瑞.服装 CAD/CAM 概论.北京:中国纺织出版社,2000
[12] 法国力克公司 http://www.lectra.com/EN/41000.htm
[13] 西班牙艾维系统 http://www.investronica-sis.es/ingles/products/index.htm
[14] 加拿大派特公司网http://www.padsystem.com
[15] 许端清,陈纯.纺织智能 CAD/CAM 系统(CAPSP)的研究与实现.中国青年计算机研究新进展,1996:47-451
[16] 刘卉,许端清,陈纯.服装 CAD 综述.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2000,6,12(6)
[17] 瑞士 Miralab 实验室 http://miralabwww.unige.ch/
[18] 穿针引线服装网 http://www.eeff.com.cn/news/2006/7/11/134852.html
[19] 穿针引线服装网 http://www.eeff.com.cn/news/2006/7/29/101914.html
[20] 试衣网站 My Virtual Model(MVM). http://www.myvirtualmodel.com/en/index.htm
[21] Frederic C,Hyewon S,Nadia M T. Made-to-Measure Technologies for an Online Clothing Store. IEEE Computer Graphics,2003,23(1):38-48
[22] James Clarke. E-TAILOR: Integration of 3D Body Measurement, Advanced CAD,and E-Commerce Technologies in the European Fashion Industry.International Journal of e-Business Strategy Management,2001,2(3):201-209
[23] 方英.服装虚拟试衣系统.亚洲纺织,2000,2
[24] Paquette S.3D Scanning in Apparel Design and Human Engineering.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1996,16(5):11-15
[25] D.Terzopoulos,K.Fleischer,Deformable Models,Visual.Computer,1988,1(4):306-331
[26] D E Breen.Computer graphics in textiles and apparel modeling.IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1996,16(5):26-27
[27] X.Provot.Deformation Constraints in a Mass-spring Model to Describe Rigid Cloth Behavior.Proc.of Graphics Interface,1995:147-154
[28] P.Howelett,W.T.Hewitt.Mass -Spring Simulation using Adaptive Non-Active Points. Eurographics.1998,17(3)
[29] M-Thalmann,Y.Yang.Techniques for Cloth Animation.in NewTrends in Animation and Visualization.N.M-Thalmann and U.Thalmann,eds,John Wiley&Sons,UK,1991:243-256
[30] 丁玉兰,郭刚,赵江洪.人机工程学.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2000
[31] Paquette S.3D Scanning in Apparel Design and Human Engineering.IEEE Computer Graphics andApplications,1996,16(5):11-15
[32] C E Clauser,I Tebbets,B Bradtmiller.Measurer’s Handbook:US.Army Anthropometric Survey . New York:Nation Press,1988
[33] Jones P R M, Rioux M. Three-dimensional Surface Anthropometry:Applications to the Human Body.Optics and Lasers in Engineering,1997,28(9):89-117
[34] 许增补.三维人体尺寸自动测量法的研究.天津轻工业学院学报,1993 年增刊
[35] 丁其泥,荣国浚,苏红宇.相位测量技术在人体尺寸自动测量中的应用.北京服装学院学报,1992,12(2)
[36] 赵欲晓.浅谈人体计测的发展.服装设计师,2002,8(2):129-131
[37] 朱辉,杨建国,张朝云.电脑服装设计[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1996
[38] Hurley J D,Demers M H,Wulpern R C.Body measurement system using white light projected patterns for made-to-measure apparel.SPIE,1997,(3131):212-223
[39] 胡敏,李勇,张新民.三维人体建模综述.焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2001,20(3):233-236
[40] 宫 可想 ,周 淑秋 ,常 宪 平等 . 三维人体建模 技术 探 讨 .首都 师范 大学学 报 ( 自然 科学版)2003,24(4):17-20
[41] 张昭华,徐军.三维人体建模方法研究.陕西纺织,2004,61:34-36
[42] 吴湘,赵万生,魏莉.三维几何表示法.航天制造技术,2002,4(29):40-43
[43] 宋顺林,詹永照.三维计算机动画中人体建模方法的研究.软件学报,1995,6(5):311-315
[44] 周晓云,朱心雄.散乱数据点三角剖分方法综述.工程图学学报,1993,1:48-54
[45] 朱心雄.自由曲线曲面造型技术.科学出版社,2000:80-81,104-105,152-153
[46] 武剑洁,樊劲.基于特征的服装人体模型参数化建模方法.武汉理工大学学报,2000,28(1):29-32
[47] B.Xu,Y.Huang,W.Yu,T.Chen.Body Scanning and Modeling for Custom Fit Garments.Journal of Textile And Apparel,Technology And Management,2002,2:2-11
[48] 付世波,袁修干.基于 B 样条曲面的人体模型的建立.计算机学报,1998,21(12):1131-1135
[49] Les Piegl.On NURBS:A Survey,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1991,1:55-71
[50] 吴晓燕,卢习林.基于 NUKBS 插值的散乱数据点人体自由曲面重构技术,北京服装学院学报(自然科学版),2001,21(2):45-52
[51] 姚平,刘福君,袁哲俊.EE 样条曲线和曲面.微电子学与计算机,1985,8:5-8
[52] 于德敏,许增朴.非接触三维人体测量数据的 EE 样条拟合.天津轻工业学院学报,1993 年增刊:51-54
[53] 朱洲.三维人体信息获取及虚拟服装试穿技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004,8
[54] R.Shamms Mortier.Poser4 实用指南.电子工业出版社.2000,10
[55] 和平鸽工作室.OpenGL 三维图形系统开发与实用技术.重庆:清华大学出版社,重庆大学出版社.2003,8
[56] 白燕斌.OpenGL 三维图形库编程指南.机械工业出版社.1998.4
[57] 尚游,张爽.OpenGL 高级图形编程指南.哈尔滨工程大学出版社.1999,1
[58] 周晓云.散乱数据几何造型技术研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京航空航天大学,1993
[59] B.K.Choi,H.Y. Shin,Y.I.Yoon & J.W.Lee,Triangulation of scattered data in 3D space.CAD, 1988,20(5)
[60] 张剑,黄敏,彭金祥等.边用边学服装 CAD 款式设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003,4
[61] 张瑞云,李汝勤.服装 CAD 中三维人体数据处理与曲面拟合.东华大学学报(自然科技学版),2000,02:50-55
[62] 孙家广,杨长贵.计算机图形学.2.北京:清华大学出版社,1995 年
[63] Donald Hearn,M. Pauline Baker.计算机图形学.电子工业出版社,2002.5
[64] 吴志明,王鹏.基于 OpenGL 的三维服装 CAD 中的光照技术的实现.北京服装学院学报,2005,25(4):25～30
[65] 张瑞云,李汝勤.用纹理映射技术实现三维着装效果展示.中国纺织大学学报,2000,26(4)
[66] 范波,吴慧中.多面体表面纹理映射方法的研究.计算机研究与发展,1999,33(4)
[67] 和平鸽工作室.OpenGL 高级编程与可视化系统开发.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003,1
[68] 朱李丽,邓中民等.三维服装 CAD 中人体建模综述.武汉科技学院学报,2004,17(1):19-21
[69] 王清辉,王彪.Vicual C++ CAD 应用系统开发指南.北京:机械工业出版社,2003
[70] 李于剑.Visual C++ 实践与提高-图形图像编程篇.北京:中国铁道学院,2001