贵州省南部地区水系沉积物地球化学及找矿预测研究
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摘要
区域化探对于圈定区域地球化学异常,寻找区域上有利成矿地段和成矿远景有着良好的效果。其采用的方法常为水系沉积物地球化学测量；即在表生带内的一切地球化学异常,在地下水及地表水的冲刷与溶解下,使原来集中的元素沿水系发生分散。在水系沉积物的狭长地带内形成的异常,称水系沉积物异常,也称为分散流。水系沉积物地球化学测量是对水系(或河流、溪沟、包括干沟)底部沉积物中元素的含量进行系统的测定,研究元素在水系沉积物中分布分配变化的规律,以发现水系沉积物中的地球化学异常,圈定找矿远景区和有利地段。根据水系沉积物地球化学异常是对岩石和矿体(或矿化体)及其原生晕、次生晕在地表表生带破坏后在水系沉积物中形成的地球化学异常。
根据贵州省南部地区以往水系沿积物地球化学测量资料,结合该区地质特征,对异常分析研究及对部份异常进行查证,并提出在扬子准地台之黔南台陷与江南地块接合部位,分布以Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg元素为主的地球化学异常,应成为贵州省南部地区重要的找矿地带。
通过对贵州省南部地区以往1：5万水系沉积物地球化学测量资料整理和研究,结合扬子准地台之黔南台陷(二级构造单元)与江南造山带地质条件,重新确定了不同构造地层工作区的异常下限,重新圈定和划分地球化学异常,并着重圈定了具有隐伏矿找矿前景的低缓异常群,将研究区异常分成甲、乙、丙三类；共获得各类异常105处,其中35处甲类异常35处,乙类异常46处,丙类异常24处。为便于对众多异常综合整理和研究,将地层、构造条件相似的邻近甲、乙、丙三类为主的异常进行组合,构成以甲、乙、丙三类异常组合为主的综合异常群,共获9个异常群。结合本区地质、矿化、矿床及化探元素组合异常综合成矿信息,在本区确定了四个具有较大找矿价值及隐伏矿找矿潜力的4个找矿预测区。其中,独山半坡Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg多元素组合异常区及三都北部Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg多元素组合异常区为一级预测区；三都雅灰Sb、Hg组合异常区及三都都江Sb、Hg组合异常区为二级预测区。
The localized exploration has been made positive effect to the geochemistry abnormality in the specified regions and in search of possible mineral districts and prospective mineral resources, and it usually adopts geochemistry measurement of water system sediment (separated flow). This approach aims at studying elements distributive rules of water system sediment by conducting systematic measurement of component of sediments at the bottom of water system (including river, rivulet and wadi), so as to find out geochemistry abnormality of the sediments and draw out prospective mineral resources areas; the abnormality of water system sediment is to study rock and the mineral (or the mineral body) and protoplasm and sub-protoplasm manifested geochemistry abnormality after surface destroyed, therefore, the research and study on the geochemistry abnormality characteristics, combined with geological conditions, structures has provided possible mineral areas and draw out prospective mineral resources areas.
This content, according to abnormal characteristic of southern part of Guizhou Province water system sediments, has made research on abnormal analysis and partially rectifications, and put forward Yangtze ground of connecting Qiannan sank ground and jiangnan ground, distributed with Pb and Zn and Sb and Hg chemical elements, and has become possible important mineral areas of southern part of Guihzou province.
The article, refer to census data of water system sediment geochemistry of southern part of Guizhou Province from 1980-1985 ratio at 1:50,000, combined with geological condition of Qiannan sank ground and Jiangnan ground, adjusting abnormal limitation, relocated areas and abnormal geological, division into 3 types; thus 104 abnormalities:First, Scond and Third; totally 35 First abnormalities,46 Scond abnormalities,24 Third abnormalities. For the convenience of gathering comprehensive numerous abnormalities, collecting First and Scond as principle type resembled in geologic strata, structure condition, forming First and Scond 46 types of excrescent combinations as principle of comprehensive excrescent cluster, thus 9 excrescent clusters and 4 possible mineral areas, in which 2 with Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg chemical element and Sb、Hg chemical element for first class possible mineral area,2 with Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg chemical element and Sb、Hg chemical element for second class possible mineral area.
根据贵州省南部地区以往水系沿积物地球化学测量资料,结合该区地质特征,对异常分析研究及对部份异常进行查证,并提出在扬子准地台之黔南台陷与江南地块接合部位,分布以Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg元素为主的地球化学异常,应成为贵州省南部地区重要的找矿地带。
通过对贵州省南部地区以往1：5万水系沉积物地球化学测量资料整理和研究,结合扬子准地台之黔南台陷(二级构造单元)与江南造山带地质条件,重新确定了不同构造地层工作区的异常下限,重新圈定和划分地球化学异常,并着重圈定了具有隐伏矿找矿前景的低缓异常群,将研究区异常分成甲、乙、丙三类；共获得各类异常105处,其中35处甲类异常35处,乙类异常46处,丙类异常24处。为便于对众多异常综合整理和研究,将地层、构造条件相似的邻近甲、乙、丙三类为主的异常进行组合,构成以甲、乙、丙三类异常组合为主的综合异常群,共获9个异常群。结合本区地质、矿化、矿床及化探元素组合异常综合成矿信息,在本区确定了四个具有较大找矿价值及隐伏矿找矿潜力的4个找矿预测区。其中,独山半坡Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg多元素组合异常区及三都北部Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg多元素组合异常区为一级预测区；三都雅灰Sb、Hg组合异常区及三都都江Sb、Hg组合异常区为二级预测区。
The localized exploration has been made positive effect to the geochemistry abnormality in the specified regions and in search of possible mineral districts and prospective mineral resources, and it usually adopts geochemistry measurement of water system sediment (separated flow). This approach aims at studying elements distributive rules of water system sediment by conducting systematic measurement of component of sediments at the bottom of water system (including river, rivulet and wadi), so as to find out geochemistry abnormality of the sediments and draw out prospective mineral resources areas; the abnormality of water system sediment is to study rock and the mineral (or the mineral body) and protoplasm and sub-protoplasm manifested geochemistry abnormality after surface destroyed, therefore, the research and study on the geochemistry abnormality characteristics, combined with geological conditions, structures has provided possible mineral areas and draw out prospective mineral resources areas.
This content, according to abnormal characteristic of southern part of Guizhou Province water system sediments, has made research on abnormal analysis and partially rectifications, and put forward Yangtze ground of connecting Qiannan sank ground and jiangnan ground, distributed with Pb and Zn and Sb and Hg chemical elements, and has become possible important mineral areas of southern part of Guihzou province.
The article, refer to census data of water system sediment geochemistry of southern part of Guizhou Province from 1980-1985 ratio at 1:50,000, combined with geological condition of Qiannan sank ground and Jiangnan ground, adjusting abnormal limitation, relocated areas and abnormal geological, division into 3 types; thus 104 abnormalities:First, Scond and Third; totally 35 First abnormalities,46 Scond abnormalities,24 Third abnormalities. For the convenience of gathering comprehensive numerous abnormalities, collecting First and Scond as principle type resembled in geologic strata, structure condition, forming First and Scond 46 types of excrescent combinations as principle of comprehensive excrescent cluster, thus 9 excrescent clusters and 4 possible mineral areas, in which 2 with Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg chemical element and Sb、Hg chemical element for first class possible mineral area,2 with Pb、Zn、Sb、Hg chemical element and Sb、Hg chemical element for second class possible mineral area.
引文
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[2]辛惠仁、杜柏文、王明远等,贵州省三都一带1：5万水系沉积物地球化学普查工作报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],1985。
[3]黄承良、王明远、杜柏文等,贵州省都匀市江洲地区1：5万分散流地球化学普查工作报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],1987。
[4]唐锡兵、王良、何应刚等,贵州省三都县五坳坡锑矿地质工作报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],1989。
[5]辛惠仁、杜柏文、王明远等,贵州省从江—宰便地区1：5万水系沉积物地球化学普查工作报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],1992。
[6]邓红前、黄承良、王良等,贵州省黔东南锦屏—黎平地区1：5万水系沉积物地球化学普查工作报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],1996。
[7]骆军,贵州省黔南—黔东南地球化学资料综合整理与研究项目设计书,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],2005。
[8]向洪流,黔南—黔东南地球化学资料综合整理与研究项目自检报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],2005。
[9]黄波、邓茂林、向洪流等,贵州省黔南—黔东南地球化学资料综合整理与研究工作总结,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],2005。
[10]黄波、陈恒术、杨昌深等,贵州省黔南—黔东南地球化学资料综合整理与研究工作报告,贵州省有色地质勘查局物化探总队,[内部资料],2006。
[11]贵州省地矿局,贵州省区域地质志[M],北京,地质出版社,1987。
[12]阮天健、朱有光等,地球化学找矿,地质出版社,1985；1-12,16-28,132-152,211-214。
[13]黄薰德、吴郁彦等,地球化学找矿,地质出版社,·1985；1-8,24-29,121-136,159-173,184-186。
[14]罗先熔、文美兰等,勘查地球化学,冶金工业出版社,2007,56-60。
[15]罗先熔,勘查地球化学,桂林工学院,2004,82-85。
[16]Govett, G. J. S., Goodfellow, W. D. Chapman, R. P, et al, Exploration Geochmistry:distribu-tion of elements and recognition of aomalies, J. Int, Assoc, 1975, Math. Geol.7,415-446。
[17]Ahrens,L.H. The use of ionaization poteatials,Ⅰ. Ionic radii of elements Geochim. Cosmochim.1952, Acta. V.2.155-169。
[18]Cameron, E. M. and Durham, C. C, Geochemical studies on the castern part of the Slave Provice,1973. Geo. Survey Can. Paper 74-27.20pp。
[19]Doe, B. R. and Zartman, R. E. Plumbotectonics, the Phanerozoic. In: Barnes, H. L. (Eilitor), Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits 2nd edition,1979, pp.22-70。
[20]刘英俊、曹励明、吴昌荣等,元素地球化学导论,地质出版社,1987,1-8,176-192,228-242。
[21]李善芳、孙焕振,勘查地球物理勘查地球化学文集,区域化探与矿区地球化学找矿方法研究专辑,地质出版社,1992,第14集,1-31,77-79,199-205。
[22]Hutchinson, R. W. Metallogenic evolution and Precambraian tectonics, In:Koner,A(Editor) Precambran Plate Tectonics. Elesvier Scientific Publishing Company.1981, pp.732-759。
[23]Berner, R. A., Pinciples of chemical Sedimentorlogy, McGraw-Hill Book Company,1979。
[24]瓦里亚什科,1962,钾盐矿床形成的地球化学,中译本,范立等译,中国工业出版社,1965。
[25]Fyfe, W. S., Price, N. J. and Thompson A. b.,Fluids in the Earth's Crust, Elsever Scientific Publish Company,1978,65-72.
[26]Wickman, P. E. and Richard, D., Chmistry and Geochemistry of Solutions at Hug Temperatures and Pressures:Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Vol.1981,14-15.
[27]Govett,G.J.S,Goodfellow,W.D.,Chapma,r\R.P,etal,ExplorationGeohenmistry; distribution of reseach on grochemistry lnt,1975, Assoc,Math.Geol.7,415-446。
[28]Esson, J. et al.,1965, Aspectsn of the geochemistry of arsenic and antimony, exemplified by the Skaergeard intrusion, Mineral.Mag., Vol.35.
[29]孙永刚、许兰州、张鸿等,中国交通地图册,西安地图出版社,2007；105-108。
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