考虑粘结滑移的型钢混凝土复合受扭有限元分析
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摘要
型钢混凝土结构(Steel Reinforced Concrete,简称SRC)是继钢结构和钢筋混凝土结构之后,又一种被工程界所接受并得到迅速发展的结构形式。型钢混凝土结构中,型钢与混凝土共同工作,可以充分发挥两种材料的性能。型钢混凝土结构与钢筋混凝土结构相比,由于其中配置的型钢的作用,构件的刚度、延性和承载力等有了很大提高,而且可以减小构件截面尺寸、减轻结构自重、减小地震作用。与钢结构相比,型钢混凝土的混凝土部分兼有参与构件受力与保护层的双重功能,型钢混凝土构件的混凝土与型钢共同作用,能有效防止型钢的局部屈曲,并能提高其整体刚度,显著改善型钢平面扭转屈曲性能,使钢材强度得到充分发挥,并且型钢混凝土在耐久性、耐火性等方面都比钢结构有明显的优越性。总而言之,型钢混凝土结构与钢筋混凝土结构和钢结构相比,能在较低的造价下提供更大的强度、刚度和良好的延性及耗能性能,具有显著的技术经济效益和社会效益,因此型钢混凝土结构越来越广泛的应用于大跨、重荷、高层及超高层建筑中。
本文对型钢混凝土构件在承受纯扭、压扭的作用下通过有限元软件ANSYS进行了分析,对通过ANSYS软件计算时单元类型和材料属性的选取,以及具体的操作步骤进行了深入的研究。为以后使用ANSYS软件分析型钢混凝土的受扭提供一定的参考价值。
过去对型钢混凝土受扭的有限元分析中不考虑型钢与混凝土之间的粘结作用,本文进行分析时,在模型中加入了型钢与混凝土之间的粘结单元,加载过程是预先对构件施加轴向压力,然后对构件施加扭矩,这种方式能够有效地提高有限元分析的精度,并且为研究型钢混凝土受扭时考虑粘结滑移提供了参考依据。
型钢混凝土受扭性能优良,为研究型钢混凝土构件在承受扭矩作用时受力情况和影响因素,本文对型钢混凝土构件施加纯扭和压扭作用,考虑轴压比、型钢尺寸、构件截面尺寸等对型钢混凝土构件受力情况的影响,通过有限元计算得出构件的开裂扭矩、极限扭矩,与台湾国立中央大学的Hsu, H.- L,Wang, C.- L.所作试验中的纯扭构件进行比对验证,并且开展了对构件裂缝和应力情况的研究,得出了与试验接近的结果,为型钢混凝土复合受扭试验研究提供理论基础。
The Steel Reinforced Concrete structure is a new structure which gets rapid development in the engineering after the steel structure and the reinforced concrete structure. Based on the cooperative working of the steel and concrete, the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure can fully exert both material properties. Compared with the reinforced concrete structure, the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure diminishes the sectional dimension and reduces the weight and seismic action of it, as its component’s stiffness, ductility and bearing capacity are greatly improved by configurating the profile steel. Compared with the steel structure, the concrete component part of the steel reinforced concrete structure which cooperates with the profile steel has the function both in force and the protection of the steel, so it prohibit the part of the steel from yielding which make the steel get full usage, and enhance the whole stiffness to greatly improve the torsion yield performance of the steel in-plane. What’s more, there are more remarkable superiorities in aspects of durability and fire resistance of the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure than the steel structure. In a word, with less cost of construction, the steel reinforced concrete structure, which has significant technical and economic profit and social benefits, could provide more strength, more stiffness, greater ductility and energy consumption than the reinforced concrete structure and the steel structure. So the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure is more and more widely applied to the field of large-span, heavy load, high-rise and super-tall buildings.
This paper analyzed the Steel Reinforced Concrete components under monotonic loading of torsion and press-torsion by using the finite element software ANSYS. Selected the cell type and material properties during the analysis process with the software ANSYS and had an intensive study of the specific operating procedure. This provided the referential value for the use of ANSYS software in analyzing twisted steel reinforced concrete structure.
In the past, the finite element analysis of the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure focused only on the torsion, furthermore without considering the bond-slip between steel and concrete. During the analysis, the bond-slip element was taken into consideration in the course of modeling. The loading progress was that the axial force was exerted firstly, then exerted the torsion by the way of changing the displacement. This way not only improved the accuracy of the finite element analysis, but provided the referential value for the study of the bond-slip of the steel and concrete which was on the torsion.
The Steel Reinforced Concrete structure has great torsion performance. For studying the load-carrying situation and the influence facts of the steel reinforced concrete components under the effect of torsion, this paper exerted torsion and press-torsion on the steel reinforced concrete structure. Considering the load-carrying situation of the steel reinforced concrete components are influenced by the factors such as axial-load ratio, the size of steel and sectional dimension of components, the crack torsion and limiting torsion of the components were computed by the finite element method, then a comparison had been made between the result of the components by the finite element method and the torsion experiment had been made by Hsu, H.- L, Wang, C.- L. in National Central University. What’s more, a study of the crack and the stress situation of the components were carried out and had a similar result with the experiment. This provided theoretical basis for the composite torsion experiment and study of the steel and concrete.
本文对型钢混凝土构件在承受纯扭、压扭的作用下通过有限元软件ANSYS进行了分析,对通过ANSYS软件计算时单元类型和材料属性的选取,以及具体的操作步骤进行了深入的研究。为以后使用ANSYS软件分析型钢混凝土的受扭提供一定的参考价值。
过去对型钢混凝土受扭的有限元分析中不考虑型钢与混凝土之间的粘结作用,本文进行分析时,在模型中加入了型钢与混凝土之间的粘结单元,加载过程是预先对构件施加轴向压力,然后对构件施加扭矩,这种方式能够有效地提高有限元分析的精度,并且为研究型钢混凝土受扭时考虑粘结滑移提供了参考依据。
型钢混凝土受扭性能优良,为研究型钢混凝土构件在承受扭矩作用时受力情况和影响因素,本文对型钢混凝土构件施加纯扭和压扭作用,考虑轴压比、型钢尺寸、构件截面尺寸等对型钢混凝土构件受力情况的影响,通过有限元计算得出构件的开裂扭矩、极限扭矩,与台湾国立中央大学的Hsu, H.- L,Wang, C.- L.所作试验中的纯扭构件进行比对验证,并且开展了对构件裂缝和应力情况的研究,得出了与试验接近的结果,为型钢混凝土复合受扭试验研究提供理论基础。
The Steel Reinforced Concrete structure is a new structure which gets rapid development in the engineering after the steel structure and the reinforced concrete structure. Based on the cooperative working of the steel and concrete, the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure can fully exert both material properties. Compared with the reinforced concrete structure, the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure diminishes the sectional dimension and reduces the weight and seismic action of it, as its component’s stiffness, ductility and bearing capacity are greatly improved by configurating the profile steel. Compared with the steel structure, the concrete component part of the steel reinforced concrete structure which cooperates with the profile steel has the function both in force and the protection of the steel, so it prohibit the part of the steel from yielding which make the steel get full usage, and enhance the whole stiffness to greatly improve the torsion yield performance of the steel in-plane. What’s more, there are more remarkable superiorities in aspects of durability and fire resistance of the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure than the steel structure. In a word, with less cost of construction, the steel reinforced concrete structure, which has significant technical and economic profit and social benefits, could provide more strength, more stiffness, greater ductility and energy consumption than the reinforced concrete structure and the steel structure. So the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure is more and more widely applied to the field of large-span, heavy load, high-rise and super-tall buildings.
This paper analyzed the Steel Reinforced Concrete components under monotonic loading of torsion and press-torsion by using the finite element software ANSYS. Selected the cell type and material properties during the analysis process with the software ANSYS and had an intensive study of the specific operating procedure. This provided the referential value for the use of ANSYS software in analyzing twisted steel reinforced concrete structure.
In the past, the finite element analysis of the Steel Reinforced Concrete structure focused only on the torsion, furthermore without considering the bond-slip between steel and concrete. During the analysis, the bond-slip element was taken into consideration in the course of modeling. The loading progress was that the axial force was exerted firstly, then exerted the torsion by the way of changing the displacement. This way not only improved the accuracy of the finite element analysis, but provided the referential value for the study of the bond-slip of the steel and concrete which was on the torsion.
The Steel Reinforced Concrete structure has great torsion performance. For studying the load-carrying situation and the influence facts of the steel reinforced concrete components under the effect of torsion, this paper exerted torsion and press-torsion on the steel reinforced concrete structure. Considering the load-carrying situation of the steel reinforced concrete components are influenced by the factors such as axial-load ratio, the size of steel and sectional dimension of components, the crack torsion and limiting torsion of the components were computed by the finite element method, then a comparison had been made between the result of the components by the finite element method and the torsion experiment had been made by Hsu, H.- L, Wang, C.- L. in National Central University. What’s more, a study of the crack and the stress situation of the components were carried out and had a similar result with the experiment. This provided theoretical basis for the composite torsion experiment and study of the steel and concrete.
引文
[1]赵鸿铁.钢与混凝土组合结构.北京:科学出版社,2001。
[2]范涛.浅述型钢混凝土结构的特点及应用.四川建筑科学研究,2004,30(14):38—39。
[3]林明强.高强混凝土柱的研究.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文2006.4
[4]王连广.钢与混凝土组合结构理论与计算.科学出版社,2005
[5]钟善桐.钢——混凝土组合结构在我国的研究与应用.钢结构,2000(4)
[6] TT.C Hsu,Torsion of Structural Concrete-Behavior Concrete Rectangular Section,Torsion of Structural Concrete,SP-18 , American Concrete Institute,Detroit,1968
[7] GS.PandiLM.B.Mawal,Test on Short Columns in Torsion,The Indian Coocrete Jounal’NovA972
[8] P-Zia,W.D McGee,Torsion Design of Prestressed Concrete,Journal of PCI,Mar-ApL 1974
[9] T.T.Hsu and K.T.Burton,Design of Reinforced Concrete Spandrel Beams,Journal of the Structural Division,ASCE
[10] B Kuyt,A Method for Ultimate Strength Design of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Beams in Combined Torsion,Bending and Shear,Magazine ofConcrete Research,1972 3
[11]刘继明,钢筋混凝土复合受力构件受扭行为和设计方法的研究,西安建筑科技大学博士学位论文,2004
[12]张誉,陈斌,钢筋陶粒混凝土受扭构件全过程分析,同济大学学报,1982.3
[13]张誉,黄郁莺.钢筋混凝土构件在扭剪组合荷载下的非线性全过程分析,同济大学学报,1985.4
[14]康谷贻,轴力作用下钢筋混凝土构件扭转性能全过程分析,建筑结构学报,1987.I
[15] Hsu,H.-L.,Wang,C.-L.Flexural-Torsional behavior of steel reinforced concrente members subjected to repeated loading . Engineering and Structural Dynamics.2000,29:667—682
[16] Hsu H L,Hsieh J C,Juang J.Seismic performance of steel-encased composite members with strengthening cross-inclined bars.Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2004,60(3):1663.1679
[17]过镇海,史旭东.钢筋混凝土原理和分析.北京:清华大学出版社.2003
[18]梁兴文,王社良,李晓文.混凝土结构设计原理.北京:科学出版社,2007
[19]中国建筑科学研究院主编.GB 50010—2002混凝土结构设计规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社
[20]中国建筑科学研究院译.ACI 318M—89美国钢筋混凝土房屋建筑规范(1992年公制修订版).北京:1993
[21]陈富生,邱国桦等.高层建筑钢结构设计.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[22]谭晓演.型钢混凝土构件抗扭分析与研究.湖南大学硕士论文2008
[23]周飞.型钢混凝土复合受扭构件非线性有限元分析及承载力计算的研究.青岛理工大学硕士论文.2009
[24]坪井善胜,若林莞钢骨混凝土结构的试验研究.日本建筑学会论文报告集第57号.1956(7):549-552.
[25]李红.型钢与混凝土粘结基本性能的试验研究[D].西安建筑科技大学.1994
[26]赖永标、胡仁喜、黄书珍,ANSYS11.0土木工程有限元分析典型范例,电子工业出版社,2007
[27] Bryson J O,Mathey RG.Surface Condition Effect on Bond Strength of Steel Beams in Concrete[J].Journal of ACI,1962,59(3):397-406.
[28] Hawkins N M.Strength of Concrete Encased Steel Beams[J].Civil Engineering Transaction of the Institution ofAustralia Engineer,1973,CEl5(1),39—46
[29] Charles C W.Bond Stress in Embedded Steel Shapes in Concrete[A].Composite and Mixed Construction[C].New York:ASCE,1984
[30] Hamdan M , Hunaiti Y . Factors affecting bond strength in composite columns[A].Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Steel-Concrete Composite Structures[C].Fukuoka,Japan,1991:213—218.
[31] Wium J A Lebet J P.Simplified Calculation Method for Force Transfer in Composite Columns[J].Journal of Structural Division,1992,120(3):728-745
[32] Charles WR,Robert C.Shear Connector Requirements for Embedded SteelSections[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1999,125(2):142—151
[33]孙国良,王英杰.劲性混凝土柱端部轴力传递性能的试验研究与计算[J].建筑结构学报,1989,(6):40.49
[34]李辉.劲性钢骨高强混凝土结构粘结性能和梁柱中节点抗剪性能的试验研究[D],上海:同济大学,1998
[35]杨勇,赵鸿铁等。型钢混凝土粘结滑移性能试验分析。西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2002年9月第34卷第3期。
[36] H.M.Gomes.A.M.Awruch.Some aspens on three-dimensional numerical modeling of rainforced concrete structure using the finite element method.Advances in Engineering Software,2001,32:257—277
[37]杨勇,赵鸿铁等。型钢混凝土基准粘结滑移本构关系试验研究。西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)。2005年12月第37卷第4期
[38]刘福生.型钢混凝土粘结滑移性能的数值模拟.浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007
[39]单维欣.抗剪连接件对型钢混凝土梁粘结滑移性能的影响.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2009
[40]邓国专.型钢混凝土结构粘结滑移性能试验研究与基本理论分析.西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文,2004
[41]郑忠,型钢混凝土压扭构件的理论分析及试验研究,北京理工大学硕士论文,2009
[42]雷强.型钢混凝土受扭构件的非线性有限元分析.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文,2007.5
[43] T.Takeda,M.A.Sozen and N.M Nielson,Reinforced concrete Response to Simulated Earthquake,J. of Structural Div.,ASCE,V01.96,STl2,1970
[44]中华人民共和国国家标准.《型钢混凝土组合结构技术规程》JGJ 138-2001
[45]郝文化主编.ANSYS土木工程应用实例.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005:77—80
[46]尚晓江,邱峰等.ANSYS结构有限元高级分析方法与范例应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008
[2]范涛.浅述型钢混凝土结构的特点及应用.四川建筑科学研究,2004,30(14):38—39。
[3]林明强.高强混凝土柱的研究.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文2006.4
[4]王连广.钢与混凝土组合结构理论与计算.科学出版社,2005
[5]钟善桐.钢——混凝土组合结构在我国的研究与应用.钢结构,2000(4)
[6] TT.C Hsu,Torsion of Structural Concrete-Behavior Concrete Rectangular Section,Torsion of Structural Concrete,SP-18 , American Concrete Institute,Detroit,1968
[7] GS.PandiLM.B.Mawal,Test on Short Columns in Torsion,The Indian Coocrete Jounal’NovA972
[8] P-Zia,W.D McGee,Torsion Design of Prestressed Concrete,Journal of PCI,Mar-ApL 1974
[9] T.T.Hsu and K.T.Burton,Design of Reinforced Concrete Spandrel Beams,Journal of the Structural Division,ASCE
[10] B Kuyt,A Method for Ultimate Strength Design of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Beams in Combined Torsion,Bending and Shear,Magazine ofConcrete Research,1972 3
[11]刘继明,钢筋混凝土复合受力构件受扭行为和设计方法的研究,西安建筑科技大学博士学位论文,2004
[12]张誉,陈斌,钢筋陶粒混凝土受扭构件全过程分析,同济大学学报,1982.3
[13]张誉,黄郁莺.钢筋混凝土构件在扭剪组合荷载下的非线性全过程分析,同济大学学报,1985.4
[14]康谷贻,轴力作用下钢筋混凝土构件扭转性能全过程分析,建筑结构学报,1987.I
[15] Hsu,H.-L.,Wang,C.-L.Flexural-Torsional behavior of steel reinforced concrente members subjected to repeated loading . Engineering and Structural Dynamics.2000,29:667—682
[16] Hsu H L,Hsieh J C,Juang J.Seismic performance of steel-encased composite members with strengthening cross-inclined bars.Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2004,60(3):1663.1679
[17]过镇海,史旭东.钢筋混凝土原理和分析.北京:清华大学出版社.2003
[18]梁兴文,王社良,李晓文.混凝土结构设计原理.北京:科学出版社,2007
[19]中国建筑科学研究院主编.GB 50010—2002混凝土结构设计规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社
[20]中国建筑科学研究院译.ACI 318M—89美国钢筋混凝土房屋建筑规范(1992年公制修订版).北京:1993
[21]陈富生,邱国桦等.高层建筑钢结构设计.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[22]谭晓演.型钢混凝土构件抗扭分析与研究.湖南大学硕士论文2008
[23]周飞.型钢混凝土复合受扭构件非线性有限元分析及承载力计算的研究.青岛理工大学硕士论文.2009
[24]坪井善胜,若林莞钢骨混凝土结构的试验研究.日本建筑学会论文报告集第57号.1956(7):549-552.
[25]李红.型钢与混凝土粘结基本性能的试验研究[D].西安建筑科技大学.1994
[26]赖永标、胡仁喜、黄书珍,ANSYS11.0土木工程有限元分析典型范例,电子工业出版社,2007
[27] Bryson J O,Mathey RG.Surface Condition Effect on Bond Strength of Steel Beams in Concrete[J].Journal of ACI,1962,59(3):397-406.
[28] Hawkins N M.Strength of Concrete Encased Steel Beams[J].Civil Engineering Transaction of the Institution ofAustralia Engineer,1973,CEl5(1),39—46
[29] Charles C W.Bond Stress in Embedded Steel Shapes in Concrete[A].Composite and Mixed Construction[C].New York:ASCE,1984
[30] Hamdan M , Hunaiti Y . Factors affecting bond strength in composite columns[A].Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Steel-Concrete Composite Structures[C].Fukuoka,Japan,1991:213—218.
[31] Wium J A Lebet J P.Simplified Calculation Method for Force Transfer in Composite Columns[J].Journal of Structural Division,1992,120(3):728-745
[32] Charles WR,Robert C.Shear Connector Requirements for Embedded SteelSections[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1999,125(2):142—151
[33]孙国良,王英杰.劲性混凝土柱端部轴力传递性能的试验研究与计算[J].建筑结构学报,1989,(6):40.49
[34]李辉.劲性钢骨高强混凝土结构粘结性能和梁柱中节点抗剪性能的试验研究[D],上海:同济大学,1998
[35]杨勇,赵鸿铁等。型钢混凝土粘结滑移性能试验分析。西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2002年9月第34卷第3期。
[36] H.M.Gomes.A.M.Awruch.Some aspens on three-dimensional numerical modeling of rainforced concrete structure using the finite element method.Advances in Engineering Software,2001,32:257—277
[37]杨勇,赵鸿铁等。型钢混凝土基准粘结滑移本构关系试验研究。西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)。2005年12月第37卷第4期
[38]刘福生.型钢混凝土粘结滑移性能的数值模拟.浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007
[39]单维欣.抗剪连接件对型钢混凝土梁粘结滑移性能的影响.武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2009
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