湖南肉类企业集团化发展战略研究
摘要
肉类食品与人民生活息息相关。肉类产业是长链产业,涉及饲料种植与加工、育种与养殖、疫病防治、屠宰加工、质量检验与监督、食品包装与贮存、物流与分销等环节,涵盖一、二、三产业。肉类企业是肉类产业链中重要主体,是联系农业和市场的桥梁。肉类龙头企业是推进农业产业化的领头羊、发展现代农业的“推进器。但近年来食品安全事件频发、肉类市场急剧波动等,对人民正常生活形成较严重影响。作为肉类产业大省的湖南,肉类企业发展面临机遇和挑战。研究湖南肉类企业集团化发展战略,对解决我省“三农”问题、稳定肉类市场、确保食品安全,提升我省肉类企业竞争力,促进社会和谐等具有重要理论和现实意义。
本文首先就选题背景、研究目的和意义,国内外研究现状,论文的主要内容、方法及技术路线,湖南肉类企业集团化发展所需理论等进行阐述和梳理回顾。简要分析国内外肉类产业现状和企业集团化研究理论。然后对湖南肉类产业发展现状和湖南肉类企业绩效进行研究：从优势、劣势、机遇与挑战对湖南肉类产业进行分析,运用层次分析法构建肉类企业绩效评价指标体系和层次分析模型,以湖南新五丰股份有限公司、大湖水殖股份有限公司、正虹科技发展股份有限公司等三家上市公司为例实证研究。研究显示这三家湖南具有代表性的肉类企业绩效趋于一般水平。并发现净资产收益率、总资产报酬率、资本积累率、IS09000,HACCP等食品质量安全认证通过数量、荣获国家和省级品牌和名牌数、构建冷链物流体系等指标,对绩效评价结果影响较大。
在上述研究的基础上,结合国内外研究现状和肉类企业发展经验,提出集团化是湖南肉类企业发展的战略选择,并明确战略定位,发展模式：市场主导与政府引导结合,提出肉类企业集团化发展的战略重点是大力培育肉类企业集团核心竞争力。湖南肉类企业集团化发展路径：以市场为导向、资源依托、科技支撑、政策引导,夯实主业,大力培育我省肉类企业集团核心竞争力；提高肉类市场准入门槛,做大做强肉类龙头企业：实施产业链整合,打造肉类低碳产业链；建立健全产业链链接机制和合理利益分配机制；发展具有湖南特色膳食文化,打造湖湘肉食品牌等。据已有定性和定量分析,指出湖南肉类企业集团化发展时产生的合作剩余等利益分配机制是下一步重要研究方向。
Meat is closely related with people's lives. Meat industry is a long-chain industry, involving planting and processing feed, breeding and aquaculture, animal epidemic prevention and control, slaughter and processing and deep processing, quality supervision inspection and quarantine, food packaging and storage, logistics and distribution and other sectors, covering primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Meat enterprise is an important subject in meat industry chain, it is the bridge between agriculture and markets. Meat corporate champion is the leader to promoting the industrialized of agriculture, the development of modern agriculture propeller. Recently, with the volatility of the meat market, the frequent incidents of food safety concern, and so on, seriously affected people's normal life. Hunan regards as meat industry province, meat enterprise will be faced with new opportunities and challenges. Enterprise Group of Hunan meat development strategy, conducive to the solution of the issues of agriculture, farmer and area, keeping meat market stabile, to ensure food safety, enhance the competitiveness of meat in Hunan province and promote social harmony, has important theoretical and practical significance.
This paper illustrated the background, purpose and significance, research status, the paper's main content and methods, and technical routes, and described theory required for development of Hunan meat enterprise groups. It brief analyzed the status of domestic and international meat industry, and the research grouping of companies. Then the article analyzed meat industry development in Hunan Province from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. and studied Hunan meat enterprise performance. It was constructed meat enterprise performance evaluation index system and hierarchical analysis model, using analytical hierarchy process. the paper is taken as an example to make demonstrational analysis as listed companies of Hunan. Studies show that three typical Hunan meat enterprises tend to the general level of business performance. And the results show indicators that return on equity, return on total assets, capital accumulation, whether through the ISO9000, HACCP and other food quality and safety certification or not, the number of the national and provincial famous brands winning, cold-chain logistics system building a sound,and so on, have great influence on the results.
In the light of research status at home and abroad and meat enterprise development experience, the article proposed that grouping development is the strategic choice to Hunan meat enterprises. definite strategic positioning and market-oriented and government-induced to combine the development pattern. On this basis, the paper put forward development path:we should make great efforts to cultivate meat enterprise group core competitiveness by market orientation, advantageous resources, policy guidance, making the staple strong; raise the meat market access threshold, make strong tap enterprise; build the low-carbon meat chain, with integrated industrial chain; set up perfect link mechanism and Interest distribution mechanism; develop catering culture with Hunan characteristics, and create Hunan meat brand. Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis, this paper point out cooperative surplus which created from Hunan meat enterprise grouping development how to share? It will be one of the important research orientations in the future.
本文首先就选题背景、研究目的和意义,国内外研究现状,论文的主要内容、方法及技术路线,湖南肉类企业集团化发展所需理论等进行阐述和梳理回顾。简要分析国内外肉类产业现状和企业集团化研究理论。然后对湖南肉类产业发展现状和湖南肉类企业绩效进行研究：从优势、劣势、机遇与挑战对湖南肉类产业进行分析,运用层次分析法构建肉类企业绩效评价指标体系和层次分析模型,以湖南新五丰股份有限公司、大湖水殖股份有限公司、正虹科技发展股份有限公司等三家上市公司为例实证研究。研究显示这三家湖南具有代表性的肉类企业绩效趋于一般水平。并发现净资产收益率、总资产报酬率、资本积累率、IS09000,HACCP等食品质量安全认证通过数量、荣获国家和省级品牌和名牌数、构建冷链物流体系等指标,对绩效评价结果影响较大。
在上述研究的基础上,结合国内外研究现状和肉类企业发展经验,提出集团化是湖南肉类企业发展的战略选择,并明确战略定位,发展模式：市场主导与政府引导结合,提出肉类企业集团化发展的战略重点是大力培育肉类企业集团核心竞争力。湖南肉类企业集团化发展路径：以市场为导向、资源依托、科技支撑、政策引导,夯实主业,大力培育我省肉类企业集团核心竞争力；提高肉类市场准入门槛,做大做强肉类龙头企业：实施产业链整合,打造肉类低碳产业链；建立健全产业链链接机制和合理利益分配机制；发展具有湖南特色膳食文化,打造湖湘肉食品牌等。据已有定性和定量分析,指出湖南肉类企业集团化发展时产生的合作剩余等利益分配机制是下一步重要研究方向。
Meat is closely related with people's lives. Meat industry is a long-chain industry, involving planting and processing feed, breeding and aquaculture, animal epidemic prevention and control, slaughter and processing and deep processing, quality supervision inspection and quarantine, food packaging and storage, logistics and distribution and other sectors, covering primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Meat enterprise is an important subject in meat industry chain, it is the bridge between agriculture and markets. Meat corporate champion is the leader to promoting the industrialized of agriculture, the development of modern agriculture propeller. Recently, with the volatility of the meat market, the frequent incidents of food safety concern, and so on, seriously affected people's normal life. Hunan regards as meat industry province, meat enterprise will be faced with new opportunities and challenges. Enterprise Group of Hunan meat development strategy, conducive to the solution of the issues of agriculture, farmer and area, keeping meat market stabile, to ensure food safety, enhance the competitiveness of meat in Hunan province and promote social harmony, has important theoretical and practical significance.
This paper illustrated the background, purpose and significance, research status, the paper's main content and methods, and technical routes, and described theory required for development of Hunan meat enterprise groups. It brief analyzed the status of domestic and international meat industry, and the research grouping of companies. Then the article analyzed meat industry development in Hunan Province from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. and studied Hunan meat enterprise performance. It was constructed meat enterprise performance evaluation index system and hierarchical analysis model, using analytical hierarchy process. the paper is taken as an example to make demonstrational analysis as listed companies of Hunan. Studies show that three typical Hunan meat enterprises tend to the general level of business performance. And the results show indicators that return on equity, return on total assets, capital accumulation, whether through the ISO9000, HACCP and other food quality and safety certification or not, the number of the national and provincial famous brands winning, cold-chain logistics system building a sound,and so on, have great influence on the results.
In the light of research status at home and abroad and meat enterprise development experience, the article proposed that grouping development is the strategic choice to Hunan meat enterprises. definite strategic positioning and market-oriented and government-induced to combine the development pattern. On this basis, the paper put forward development path:we should make great efforts to cultivate meat enterprise group core competitiveness by market orientation, advantageous resources, policy guidance, making the staple strong; raise the meat market access threshold, make strong tap enterprise; build the low-carbon meat chain, with integrated industrial chain; set up perfect link mechanism and Interest distribution mechanism; develop catering culture with Hunan characteristics, and create Hunan meat brand. Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis, this paper point out cooperative surplus which created from Hunan meat enterprise grouping development how to share? It will be one of the important research orientations in the future.
引文
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