摘要
休闲农园作为休闲农业的一个主要类型,其建设和发展不仅为游客提供新的活动空间,释放城市人口压力,缓解市区及旅游热点的拥挤现象,同时,在增加土地效益、农业可持续发展、生态环境保护和农业文化的挖掘、保护和传承等方面也具有重要意义。
本文定义了休闲农园,即以农业文化为主题,休闲度假为目的综合性的农业区,指具有一定规模和功能,利用农业自然资源、农村人文资源和空间服务于游憩者,具有一定公园特征的综合型农业游憩地,休闲农园为游人提供具有农村特色的食、宿、行、玩、购等方面的服务,满足游人向往田园、乡土和接近自然的愿望。
本文以珠海市休闲农园为研究对象,分析了休闲农园的特征,按照农园风景资源类型将其分为:山林式、湖塘式、滨海式和田野式4类,归纳和分析了休闲农园的风景资源要素的内容和特征,自然景源的特征为:田园的美感和空间体会,丰富的季节变化与生物多样性,人性化的尺度及乡土材料的应用;人文景源则体现出地域特征和传统农耕文化。
规划层面的研究先根据农园的定位,将其分为:综合性农园、观光采摘园、休闲渔场、生态园和生产示范园5种类型,总结和归纳农园的主要功能和项目类型。在农园选址上,依据基址风景资源的内容与特征,总结出借湖海林田、展现农业之景和挖掘地域文化的特点。在布局上,总结了农园的“依山傍林;顺水而建;布局规整,纵横阡陌”的整体布局形态。游线规划方面强调原有道路的利用、设置合适的道路宽度和多种交通方式。植被规划包含农作物规划和园林植物规划两方面,分别阐述了其规划的特点。设计层面主要涉及农园的构景要素,包括地形的改造和利用,水体形态和驳岸的处理,建筑及小品的设计,植物种类的选择和造景特色以及动物景观的营造。最后,提出了珠海市发展休闲农园的建议和对策。
As a major type of agritourism, agritourism park not only provides new alternative for the crowded urban areas and tourism hot spots, it also has significant meaning on how to make good use of the original farm land in terms of generating high additional value, advocating sustainable development, protecting ecological environment as well as the exploration, protection and inheritance of traditional rural culture.
This thesis defined agritourism park, its theme is agricultural culture and its aim is to provide leisure and recreational place of interest for people at break. To be specifically, agritourism park is such a project that combines outdoor space, agricultural natural resource and traditional rural humanities together and then develop an agricultural comprehensive recreational which has certain scale and certain function, is able to provide urban tourists with rural featured dining, living, transporting, entertainment and shopping services, meeting their needs of appreciating natural scenery and experiencing local flavor.
This thesis focuses on agritourism parks in Zhuhai City, we proposed the definition of agritourism park and its related characteristics. We also come up with four basic classifications such as forest type, lake and pond type, coastal type, based on its landscape formation and natural scenery endowment. The content and features of the landscape resource in agritourism park are summarized as:pastoral beauty and space experience, seasonal transition and rich biodiversity, the scale of humanity and the application of local materials. Humanity resource, in additionally, demonstrates the regional identity and traditional farming culture.
We conducted the planning perspective research and firstly categorized agritourism parks based on their primary function and project type as:integrated park, tourism picking park, leisure fishing park, ecological park and production demonstration base. As for location selection, we based our summary on the content and features of its natural landscape basis and proposed the overall layout of agritourism park as "close to mountain, near the forest; build by water; neat and structured layout; well-developed road". The design of travel route should make good use of the existing road system, and then make necessary adjustment to the suitable road width and also need to develop multiple transportation alternatives. Vegetation planning embraces crop planning and ornamental plant planning, and we also addressed their features respectively. Designing perspective is mainly related to the landscape structure, including the transformation and use of original terrain structure, water forms and revetment design, main architecture and decorative pieces design, plant species selection, landscape features and the development of animal landscape. Finally, we proposed our strategic and tactical suggestions on the development of agritourism park in the Zhuhai City.
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