地域文化在广场景观规划设计中的运用研究
|
摘要
在塑造城市个性与情感的后现代思潮影响下,数目庞大的地域性广场景观建设在国内应运而生,其中不乏优秀的作品,但真正地做到了源于传统而又独具创造的案例匮乏。在这样的地域文化建设浪潮中,不免造成简单搬用历史元素,重复使用,缺乏创造的泥潭之中。
基于这一现状,作者回顾人类聚落、城市、广场建设史,从中西方广场产生演变的历史过程中,探索历史上优秀广场案例中地域文化的含义、及其体现。由此论证了广场景观演进中地域文化的变化性,并总结了广场中地域文化演进的动因。在此基础上,遴选了现当代国内外具有代表性的广场设计案例,从中总结了现代广场设计中地域文化的狭义性与广义性,分析了现代广场地域文化产生的动因与新的体现形式,为创造新型地域文化广场提供参考,并总结发现现代广场设计中如欲避免简单搬用历史元素、重复使用形式手法,设计者必须注重塑造鲜明的主题。并进一步指出现代地域文化广场设计的包容性与多元性,功能手法多样化、低碳植配立体化、规划创新条理化、理念设计人性化将是新地域文化广场设计的发展方向。总结了新地域文化特色广场的设计方法与运用要点,最后作者通过自己的景观规划设计具体案例深入详实地阐述了以上设计思想、方法、要点在塑造富有独特地域文化特色广场中的运用。
简而言之,本论文研究成果概括表现为以下三个方面:拓展对于地域文化的传统观念与认识,为积极探索广场设计中的“新地域文化”铺平道路。通过对各历史时期中外广场景观案例中地域文化艺术风格的对比研究,明确其“新地域文化”发展方向。丰富完善广场景观规划设计中的地域文化内涵,解放设计中凝固的“地域文化”设计思路。
Under the influence of postmodernism, which was used to shape the cities personality and emotions, numerous regional plaza landscape have been constructed, including many outstanding works, but few of these have been really done by the traditional and unique creation. In such a tide of regional culture construction, simply copy of historical elements, reuse, lack of creation have been caused unavoidably.
Basing on the current situation, the author has reviewed the human settlements, cities, plazas, and explored the regional cultural meanings and its embodiment from the western and Chinese plaza’s historical process. Thus the variability of regional culture has been demonstrated, and it’s evolution drivers have been concluded. On this basis, the representative modern and contemporary square design cases have been chosen, the regional culture's special meaning and generalized meaning have been concluded, if you want to avoid simple copy historical elements, reusable form gimmick, designers must pay attention to create outstanding theme. And the inclusivity and pluralism of modern regional cultural plaza design have been pointed out further, and functional gimmick diversification, low carbon plant with three-dimensional, planning innovation methodical, concept, design of humanistic will become the development direction of regional plaza design. By summarizing the design method and main points of innovational regional cultural plaza design, the author further uses his landscape planning and design cases to describe the detail about the design ideas, ways and points which have been applied in shaping distinctive regional cultural plazas.
In short, the research results of this thesis could be summarized by the following three parts: expanding the traditional concept and knowledge about the regional culture, actively paving the way for exploring the "new regional culture" consisted in the plaza design. Based on the comparative studies of regional cultural artistic styles, which existed in the historical period of domestic and overseas, clearing its "new regional culture" development direction. Enriching and perfecting regional cultural connotation existed in plan and design of plaza, liberating solidified design ideas about "regional culture" during the design practice.
基于这一现状,作者回顾人类聚落、城市、广场建设史,从中西方广场产生演变的历史过程中,探索历史上优秀广场案例中地域文化的含义、及其体现。由此论证了广场景观演进中地域文化的变化性,并总结了广场中地域文化演进的动因。在此基础上,遴选了现当代国内外具有代表性的广场设计案例,从中总结了现代广场设计中地域文化的狭义性与广义性,分析了现代广场地域文化产生的动因与新的体现形式,为创造新型地域文化广场提供参考,并总结发现现代广场设计中如欲避免简单搬用历史元素、重复使用形式手法,设计者必须注重塑造鲜明的主题。并进一步指出现代地域文化广场设计的包容性与多元性,功能手法多样化、低碳植配立体化、规划创新条理化、理念设计人性化将是新地域文化广场设计的发展方向。总结了新地域文化特色广场的设计方法与运用要点,最后作者通过自己的景观规划设计具体案例深入详实地阐述了以上设计思想、方法、要点在塑造富有独特地域文化特色广场中的运用。
简而言之,本论文研究成果概括表现为以下三个方面:拓展对于地域文化的传统观念与认识,为积极探索广场设计中的“新地域文化”铺平道路。通过对各历史时期中外广场景观案例中地域文化艺术风格的对比研究,明确其“新地域文化”发展方向。丰富完善广场景观规划设计中的地域文化内涵,解放设计中凝固的“地域文化”设计思路。
Under the influence of postmodernism, which was used to shape the cities personality and emotions, numerous regional plaza landscape have been constructed, including many outstanding works, but few of these have been really done by the traditional and unique creation. In such a tide of regional culture construction, simply copy of historical elements, reuse, lack of creation have been caused unavoidably.
Basing on the current situation, the author has reviewed the human settlements, cities, plazas, and explored the regional cultural meanings and its embodiment from the western and Chinese plaza’s historical process. Thus the variability of regional culture has been demonstrated, and it’s evolution drivers have been concluded. On this basis, the representative modern and contemporary square design cases have been chosen, the regional culture's special meaning and generalized meaning have been concluded, if you want to avoid simple copy historical elements, reusable form gimmick, designers must pay attention to create outstanding theme. And the inclusivity and pluralism of modern regional cultural plaza design have been pointed out further, and functional gimmick diversification, low carbon plant with three-dimensional, planning innovation methodical, concept, design of humanistic will become the development direction of regional plaza design. By summarizing the design method and main points of innovational regional cultural plaza design, the author further uses his landscape planning and design cases to describe the detail about the design ideas, ways and points which have been applied in shaping distinctive regional cultural plazas.
In short, the research results of this thesis could be summarized by the following three parts: expanding the traditional concept and knowledge about the regional culture, actively paving the way for exploring the "new regional culture" consisted in the plaza design. Based on the comparative studies of regional cultural artistic styles, which existed in the historical period of domestic and overseas, clearing its "new regional culture" development direction. Enriching and perfecting regional cultural connotation existed in plan and design of plaza, liberating solidified design ideas about "regional culture" during the design practice.
引文
[1]罗小未主编.外国近现代建筑史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[2] (美)罗伯特·文丘里著,周卜颐译.建筑的复杂性与矛盾性[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[3] K·弗兰普顿著,原山译.现代建筑:一部批判的历史[M].北京.中国建筑工业出版社,1988.
[4]吴良镛.关于园林学重组与专业教育的思考[J].中国园林,2010 (01).
[5]林箐,王向荣.风景园林与文化[J].中国园林,2005 (06).
[6]朱建宁,杨云峰.中国古典园林的现代意义[J].中国园林,2005(11).
[7]吴良镛.广义建筑学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1989.
[8]潘谷西主编.中国建筑史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[9]陈志华著.外国建筑史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2010.
[10]曹文明.城市广场的人文研究[D].中国社会科学院研究生院,2005.
[11]周维权著.中国古典园林史[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.
[12]王向荣,林箐.西方现代景观设计的理论与实践[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[13]刘晓惠,汪镇.都市中的新“悬空园”[J].中国园林,2010 (01).
[14] Taylor,刘建明译.诺基亚广场[J].景观设计,2008(05).
[15]朱育帆,姚玉君.“都市伊甸”-----北京商务中心区(CBD)现代艺术中心公园规划设计[J].中国园林,2007 (10).
[16]王珂,夏健,杨新海编著.城市广场设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999.
[17]王向荣.西安世园会的大师与大师园[J].风景园林,.2010(02).
[18]刘滨谊.现代景观规划设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2005.
[19]吴良镛.人居环境科学导论[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[20]蔡永洁.城市广场[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2006.
[21]艾瑞克·J·詹金斯著,李哲,武赟,赵庆译.广场尺度:100个城市广场[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2009.
[22]廖飞勇主编.风景园林生态学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2010.
[23]张蕾.中国当代城市广场设计——反思与再研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[24]李瑞.唐宋都城空间形态研究[D].陕西师范大学,2005.
[25]白晨曦.天人合一:从哲学到建筑[D].中国社会科学院研究生院,2003.
[26]林颖.城市广场设计方法初探[D].北京林业大学,2007.
[27]明文卉.宜人化市民城市广场规划设计[D].西安建筑科技大学,2005.
[28]李永生.城市小型广场设计研究[D].西北农林科技大学,2006.
[29]段俊原.现代城市广场空间特性解析[D].南京林业大学,2007.
[30]邹运.用城市形态学理论研究城市广场设计[D].湖南大学,2003.
[31]林颖.城市广场设计方法初探[D].北京林业大学,2007.
[32]吴曼.城市广场的文化内涵[D].南京林业大学,2009.
[33]张继之.在现代城市建设中如何延续古城历史文脉[D].南京林业大学,2007.
[34]王殊.当代中国城市广场设计的研究与思考[D].北京林业大学,2009.
[35]王津.城市广场的人性化设计研究[D].天津大学,2007.
[36]陈晓彤.中西方现代城市广场设计比较[J].华中建筑,2002 (06).
[37]谭文勇,阎波,邓蜀阳.景观与生态设计方法在三峡库区新农村建设中的应用思考[J].中国园林,2010 (01).
[38]曹文明.中国古代的城市广场源流[J].城市规划, 2008(10).
[39] Ebenezer Howard.Garden Citys of Tomorrow [M].London: Faber and faber,1946.
[40] L. Mumford.The City in History,its transformations,and its prospects [M].London:Secker & Warburg,1963.
[41] Cliff Moughtin.Urban Design:Street and Square[M].New York: Architectural Press,1992.
[42] Laweence Henry W.The Greening of the Squares of London:Transformation of Urban Landscapes and Ideals[J].Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1993.Vol.83 (No.1) :90-118.
[43] Fusch Richard.The Piazza in Italian Urban Morphology[J].Geographical Review,1994.Vol.84 (No.4) :424-438.
[2] (美)罗伯特·文丘里著,周卜颐译.建筑的复杂性与矛盾性[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[3] K·弗兰普顿著,原山译.现代建筑:一部批判的历史[M].北京.中国建筑工业出版社,1988.
[4]吴良镛.关于园林学重组与专业教育的思考[J].中国园林,2010 (01).
[5]林箐,王向荣.风景园林与文化[J].中国园林,2005 (06).
[6]朱建宁,杨云峰.中国古典园林的现代意义[J].中国园林,2005(11).
[7]吴良镛.广义建筑学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1989.
[8]潘谷西主编.中国建筑史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[9]陈志华著.外国建筑史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2010.
[10]曹文明.城市广场的人文研究[D].中国社会科学院研究生院,2005.
[11]周维权著.中国古典园林史[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.
[12]王向荣,林箐.西方现代景观设计的理论与实践[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[13]刘晓惠,汪镇.都市中的新“悬空园”[J].中国园林,2010 (01).
[14] Taylor,刘建明译.诺基亚广场[J].景观设计,2008(05).
[15]朱育帆,姚玉君.“都市伊甸”-----北京商务中心区(CBD)现代艺术中心公园规划设计[J].中国园林,2007 (10).
[16]王珂,夏健,杨新海编著.城市广场设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999.
[17]王向荣.西安世园会的大师与大师园[J].风景园林,.2010(02).
[18]刘滨谊.现代景观规划设计[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2005.
[19]吴良镛.人居环境科学导论[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[20]蔡永洁.城市广场[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2006.
[21]艾瑞克·J·詹金斯著,李哲,武赟,赵庆译.广场尺度:100个城市广场[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2009.
[22]廖飞勇主编.风景园林生态学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2010.
[23]张蕾.中国当代城市广场设计——反思与再研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[24]李瑞.唐宋都城空间形态研究[D].陕西师范大学,2005.
[25]白晨曦.天人合一:从哲学到建筑[D].中国社会科学院研究生院,2003.
[26]林颖.城市广场设计方法初探[D].北京林业大学,2007.
[27]明文卉.宜人化市民城市广场规划设计[D].西安建筑科技大学,2005.
[28]李永生.城市小型广场设计研究[D].西北农林科技大学,2006.
[29]段俊原.现代城市广场空间特性解析[D].南京林业大学,2007.
[30]邹运.用城市形态学理论研究城市广场设计[D].湖南大学,2003.
[31]林颖.城市广场设计方法初探[D].北京林业大学,2007.
[32]吴曼.城市广场的文化内涵[D].南京林业大学,2009.
[33]张继之.在现代城市建设中如何延续古城历史文脉[D].南京林业大学,2007.
[34]王殊.当代中国城市广场设计的研究与思考[D].北京林业大学,2009.
[35]王津.城市广场的人性化设计研究[D].天津大学,2007.
[36]陈晓彤.中西方现代城市广场设计比较[J].华中建筑,2002 (06).
[37]谭文勇,阎波,邓蜀阳.景观与生态设计方法在三峡库区新农村建设中的应用思考[J].中国园林,2010 (01).
[38]曹文明.中国古代的城市广场源流[J].城市规划, 2008(10).
[39] Ebenezer Howard.Garden Citys of Tomorrow [M].London: Faber and faber,1946.
[40] L. Mumford.The City in History,its transformations,and its prospects [M].London:Secker & Warburg,1963.
[41] Cliff Moughtin.Urban Design:Street and Square[M].New York: Architectural Press,1992.
[42] Laweence Henry W.The Greening of the Squares of London:Transformation of Urban Landscapes and Ideals[J].Annals of the Association of American Geographers,1993.Vol.83 (No.1) :90-118.
[43] Fusch Richard.The Piazza in Italian Urban Morphology[J].Geographical Review,1994.Vol.84 (No.4) :424-438.