耐磨、柔软SBS鞋用弹性体材料的制备与性能
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SBS)是一种重要的热塑性弹性体,广泛用作皮鞋、运动鞋和旅游鞋的鞋底材料。它具有重量轻、穿着舒服、抗湿滑、没有橡胶特有的臭味以及边角废料可回收利用等优点,已成为鞋底材料最主要的原材料之一。单纯采用充油SBS制作鞋底材料,存在耐磨性较差等缺点。SBS作为鞋底材料,其柔软性和耐磨性是其中的两项重要指标,一味提高柔软性将会造成耐磨性能不达标。因此,在保持充油SBS柔软性能不降低或少许降低的前提下,如何提高其耐磨性能,即如何制备得到兼具有柔软性和耐磨性的SBS鞋底材料成为一个重要的研究课题。
     本论文在充油SBS的基础上,选用不同种类和特性的高分子改性剂及其与无机粒子并用对SBS进行改性,考察材料的力学性能、柔软性(硬度)及耐磨性能的变化规律,揭示改性体系宏观性能与微观结构之间的相应关系。主要研究内容及结果如下:
     1.考察PS及其与无机粒子(CaCO_3、nano-CaCO_3、SiO_2、nano-SiO_2)并用,以及母料法对SBS的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、定伸强度、扯断永久变形、柔软性(硬度)和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:当加入15份PS时,SBS/PS共混物的拉伸性能最优,耐磨性提高,柔软性降低幅度不大。普通无机粒子(CaCO_3、SiO_2)的加入,降低了SBS/PS共混物的拉伸性能及柔软性。而加入1份纳米无机粒子(nano-CaCO_3、nano-SiO_2)时,可提高SBS/PS共混物的拉伸性能和耐磨性。采用母料法可进一步提高SBS/PS/nano-CaCO_3三元复合弹性体材料的性能。
     2.考察EVA及其与纳米无机粒子(nano-CaCO_3、nano-SiO_2)并用,以及母料法对SBS力学性能的影响。结果表明:当加入15份EVA时,SBS/EVA共混物的拉伸强度及柔软性增加,但耐磨性下降。加入1份纳米无机粒子(nano-CaCO_3、nano-SiO_2)可提高SBS/EVA共混物的拉伸强度和耐磨性。相比之下,SBS/EVA/nano-CaCO_3体系的性能较好。采用母料法可进一步改善SBS/EVA/nano-CaCO_3三元复合弹性体材料的性能。
     3.在1和2基础上,进一步考察了BR、P83及其与nano-CaCO_3并用对SBS力学性能的影响。采用SEM观察了纳米无机粒子的分散对弹性体材料性能的影响,以及各种改性剂对弹性体材料耐磨性的影响。结果发现:当SBS/BR配比为90/10时,材料的综合性能较好,其柔软性及耐磨性进一步提高。当加入10份P83时,SBS/P83共混物的耐磨性和柔软性得到提高。两种改性材料都兼具有较好的柔软性和耐磨性能。
SBS is one kind of important thermoplastic elastomer(TPE), It is widely used as sole materials of leather shoes, gym shoes and travel shoes. SBS has become one of main raw materials of sole materials for lots of merits such as: low weight density, being comfortable, anti-wetslides, and no rubber's unique odor, and waste materials may be recycled, and so on. Oiled SBS has worse wear-resisting performance used as shoe soles. The flexibility and wear-resisting performance are two important targets when regarding SBS as the shoe sole material. If we consider only enhancing the flexibility, the wear-resisting performance of oiled SBS will be reduced. Therefore, it has become an important research topic to prepare SBS shoe sole materials with flexibility and wear-resisting performance together.
     This paper selects the different polymer modifier and filler to modify SBS on the base of oiling SBS. The tensile properties, flexibility (degree of hardness) and wear-resisting performance were researched. The relations between the modified system's mechanical properties and micro-structure were also exposed. Main research contents and results as follows:
     1. The mechanical properties of the blends, such as tensile strength at break, elongation at break, tensile strength, permanent tensile deformation, flexibility and wear-resisting performance are studied. The relations between mechanical properties and PS, filler(CaCO_3、nano-CaCO_3、SiO_2、nano-SiO_2) contents as well as master batch blending are obtained. By analyzing theoretical and experimental data, we discovered that the mechanical properties is superior when PS content was up to 15wt% in SBS/PS binary blends, it can increase the tensile and wear-resisting properties, decrease slightly flexibility. The ordinary filler(CaCO_3、SiO_2) decrease tensile property and flexibility of SBS/PS binary blends. The mechanical properties is superior when nano-filler(nano-CaCO_3、nano-SiO_2)content was 1wt% in SBS/PS binary blends, it can increase the tensile and wear-resisting properties. The master batch blending can further improve mechanical properties of SBS/PS/nano-CaCO3 ternary blends.
     2. The mechanical properties of the blends are studied. The relations between mechanical properties and EVA, nano-filler(nano-CaCO_3、nano-SiO_2) contents as well as master batch blending are obtained. By analyzing theoretical and experimental data, we discovered that the mechanical properties is superior when EVA content was up to 15wt% in SBS/EVA binary blends, it can increase the tensile property and flexibility, decrease wear-resisting performance. The mechanical properties are superior when nano-filler content was 1wt% in SBS/EVA binary blends, it can increase the tensile and wear-resisting properties. In comparison, the mechanical properties are better of SBS/EVA/nano-CaCO_3 ternary blends. The master batch blending can further improve mechanical properties of SBS/EVA/nano-CaCO_3 ternary blends.
     3. The mechanical properties of the blends are studied on the base of 1 and 2. The relations between mechanical properties and BR, P83 as well as nano-CaCO_3 contents are obtained. It is also studied the effect of each kind modifier contents on the mechanical properties used the abrasion and nano-filler disperser SEM microphotographs. By analyzing theoretical and experimental data, we discovered that the mechanical properties is superior when the SBS/BR proportion is 90/10 in SBS/PS/BR/nano-CaCO_3 quarternary blends, it can further increase the wear-resisting performance and flexibility. The mechanical properties are superior when P83 content was 10wt% in SBS/P83 binary blends, it can increase flexibility and wear-resisting performance. Both of two modified materials have better flexibility and wear-resisting performance.
引文
1 崔小明.我国SBC的发展空间广阔.中国石油,2005,3:20-21
    2 陈中华,綦书银,王斌,等.国内SBS的改性研究及应用.弹性体,1993,3(2):44-46
    3 陈洪波.SBS产品市场现状及发展前景.化工技术经济,2004,22(11):26~30
    4 傅政.橡胶材料性能与设计应用.化学工业出版社,2003(9):47~48
    5 W. H. Korcz, etal. Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology. 1982: 220~275
    6 李文波,赵艳芬.SBS的化学改性及其应用.广东橡胶,2001,8:2~6
    7 韩丙勇等.二嵌段SB对SBS性能的影响.合成橡胶工业,2002,25(4):245~247
    8 辛浩波,邓涛,邓本诚.塑料合金及塑橡共混改性(配方.工艺.性能.应用技术).北京:中国轻工业出版社,2000,674~700
    9 傅命杰,吴汾.PP/SBS/CaCO_3三元共混母料改性HDPE性能的研究.现代塑料加工应用,1991,(2):1~3.
    10 王红明.SBS接枝共聚的研究.广东教育学院学报.2003,23(2):41~43
    11 方少明,李福刚,车三弟.SBS和BR对PP增韧改性协同作用的研究.塑料工业,1991,(6):39~41
    12 方少明,周立明,白宝丰等.SBS/EVA改性PP力学性能的研究.弹性体,2001,11(6):9~11
    13 韩萍,徐宏德,瞿雄伟.PP/SBS/OMMT复合材料的结构和形态.合成树脂及塑料,2006,23(3):63~66
    14 陆冲,周达飞.PP/SBS/PE/硅灰石共混改性研究.高分子材料科学与工程,1994,10(6):60~62
    15 何继辉,庞纯,叶华等.PP/LIDPE/SBS交联共混体系增韧机理的研究.塑料工业,2004,32(12):36~45
    16 Gonzalez-montiel A, Keskkula H, Paul D R. Morphology of nylon 6/polypropylene blends compatibilized with maleated polypropylene. J polym sci: Part B: polym phys, 1995, (33): 1751
    17 杨军,刘景江.用SBS或SBR或BR改进HIPS的冲击性能.合成橡胶工业,1995,18(4):226~229
    18 康永锋.PS/PE合金的研究.石化技术与应用,2000,18(5):269~271
    19 刘新民.PS/SBS共混体系的性能研究.医用塑料,2003,4:18~22
    20 孙凤,彭红瑞,张志煜.nTiO2/SBS/PS复合材料的制备.青岛科技大学学报,2003,24(5):415~418
    21 敖宁建,王琪,张爱民.SBS改性研究及应用.石油化工,2001,30(11):874~877
    22 王奇观,乔聪震,高青雨.PVC/EVA/SBS共混体系研究.化学研究,2000,11(1):43~44
    23 甄健.PVC/SBS共混改性波纹套线管的研制.塑料加工,2001,34(6):36~37
    24 徐建波,邬智勇,夏金魁.极性化SBS与PVC的抗冲改性.高分子材料科学与工程,2005,21(3):197~200
    25 邹华维,徐闻.碾磨对PVC/SBS共混体系增容增韧效应的研究.高分子材料科学与工程,2005,21(1):214~217
    26 陈晓浪,罗筑,于杰等.ABS/PBT/弹性体三元共混合金的研究.塑料工业,2005,33(6):16~18
    27 敖宁建,王琪,张爱民.SBS改性研究及应用.石油化工.2001,30(11):874~877
    28 沈金安.改性沥青与SMA路面.北京:人民交通出版杜,1999,34~56
    29 林寅福,吴起,吕德水等.橡胶改性道路沥青及其微观结构.合成橡胶工业,2000,23(3):196~199
    30 郭玉文.SBS现状及其在塑料改性方面的应用.当代石油石化,2006,14(7):29
    31 Jennifer S. Polyolefins in a flagging market, producers profit from improvements in a technology. Chem Engng, 1992, 99(8): 61~62
    32 陈建军,李伟,冯增国等.茂钛催化剂用于SBS均相加氢的研究.石化技术,2004,11(1):1~5
    33 谢洪泉,李骁东.合成橡胶常压氢化及产物性能.合成橡胶工业,1998,21(4):194~197
    34 Mc-Menus N T, Rempel G L. Macromol Chem Phys, 1995, 35(2): 239~245
    35 杨京伟,鲍浪,徐瑞清.苯乙烯.丁二烯.苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物新型加氢催化剂的研究.合成橡胶工业,2000,23(1):31~34
    36 Rempel G L, MeManus N T, Parent J S. Hydrogenation of diene copolymers. US: 5561197, 1996-10-01
    37 Guo X G, Scott P J, Rempel G L. Catalytic hydrogenation of diene polymers. J. M. C. 1992, 72: 193-208
    38 Comils B, Herrmarm W A Aqueous-phase Organometallic catalysis. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 1998: 306~320
    39 Dupont J, Souza R F. Two-phase catalytic NBR hydyogenation by RuHCI(CO)(Pcy3)2 immobilized in 1-butyl-3-methylimid-azolium tetrafluoroborate molten salt. Macromol, Rapid Commun. 1998, 19: 409~411
    40 Udipi K. Epoxidation of styrene-Butadiene Block ploymers. J Appl Polym Sci. 1979, 23 (11): 3301
    41 蹇锡高,Hay A S,郑海滨.中国,CN93109179.9,1993-07-26
    42 赵龙,穆瑞凤,王用成等.SBS的环氧化反应.合成橡胶工业,1997,(2):94~95
    43 邹其超,张玉红,何本桥.SBS的环氧化.胶体与聚合物,2003,18(1):29~31
    44 代模栏,张琳,朱如瑾等.聚烯烃用溶剂型胶粘剂.中国:CN85105449,1987.01.14
    45 代模栏,张琳,唐继业等.PVC地板用胶粘剂的研制.粘合剂,1991,(4):2~4
    46 孙平,王广佳.丙烯酸与SBS接枝离子聚合物的研究.合成橡胶工业,1991,(1):53
    47 李文波,赵艳芬.SBS的化学改性及其应用.广东橡胶,2001,8:2~6
    48 向福如,马兴明,丁明双等.甲基丙烯酸甲酯对丁苯嵌段共聚物的化学接枝改性.粘合剂,1987(4):4~10
    49 陈中华,李建宗.SBS与醋酸乙烯酯本体接枝物的合成.中国胶粘剂,1993,2(1):13~15
    50 代模栏,王仕坤.丙烯酸酯干式复合胶粘剂研制及应用.粘接,1993,6:23
    51 李己明,王晓敏,白功健等.以具有核壳结构的聚丙烯酸酯颗粒增韧环氧树脂胶粘剂.粘接,1993,14(1):1~4
    52 韦异,陈薇,赵文锋等.SBS的磺化改性.精细石油化工,2002,(5):23~25
    53 甄健.(PS/SBS)/(SBS/PE)吸水管的研制.塑胶工业,2003,6:24~27
    54 陈卫丰,戴培邦,于传柏等.SBS/LDPE共混型热塑性弹性体的性能研究(Ⅰ).塑料科技,2003,2(5):16~19
    55 陈卫丰,虞锦洪,戴培邦等.SBS/LDPE共混型热塑性弹性体的性能研究(Ⅱ).塑料科技,2003,158(6):7~9
    56 阳范文.一种超高耐磨热塑性橡胶鞋底材料.合成橡胶工业,2003,28:76
    57 Rudolph. D. Deanin. Studies of the Strength of SBS and LDPE Blends. Elastomers Plastics, 1986, 18(1): 35~38.
    58 Danuta Zuchowska. Properties of Dynamically Vulcanized SBS and PP Blends. polymer1989, 30(6): 1085~1090
    59 罗志锦.TPR鞋材专用料的试制与生产.现代塑料加工应用,1994.6(4):53~56
    60 刘新民,PS/SBS共混体系的性能研究.医用塑料,2003,4:18~22
    61 王荣海,等.SDS型粘接剂的研究.合成橡胶工业,1988,(4):276~278
    62 王奇观,乔聪震,高青丽.PVC/EVA/SBS共混体系研究.化学研究,2000,11(1):43~44
    63 王红明,吕广镛.CPE改性SBS接枝胶粘剂的研制.中国胶粘剂,2001,12(1):11~13
    64 陈庆华,钱庆荣,肖荔人.BR/PVC/SBS热塑性弹性体鞋用材料的研究.中国塑料,2001,15(2):39~41
    65 Gupta A K, Purwar S N. J. appl. Polym. Sci, 1984, 29: 15950
    66 Torregrosa J. I., Escoto Palacios M. J., Plast. Rubb. Compo, Proces. Appl., 1996, 25(9): 427
    67 Soong D. s., Sivashinsky N., Kelterborn J. C., J. Elastomers Plastics, 1983, 15(3): 193
    68 吴绍吟,马文石,叶展.无机填料填充SBS性能的研究.特种橡胶制品,2002,23(2):4~7
    69 陈庆华,钱庆荣.新型SBS鞋用材料的配方设计与工艺研究.现代塑料加工应用,1998,10(3):23~25
    70 削鹏,孙陆逸,肖敏等.膨胀石墨填充SBS复合材料的界面相互作用.合成橡胶工业,2000,23(4):240
    71 刘洋,王国全,陈建峰等.纳米CaC03/SBS共混改性研究.特种橡胶制品,2005,26(5):23~26
    72 陈中华,刘书银,龚克成.丁苯三嵌段共聚物/改性纳米层状白泥复合弹性体的力学性能.应用化学,2000,17(1):14~17
    73 Chen Z, Gong K. Preparation and dynamic mechanical properties of poly (styrene-b-butadiene)-modified clay nanocomposites. Appl Polym Sci. 2002, 84: 1499~1503
    74 朱结东,徐宏德,杨力等.SBS/粘土纳米复合材料的制备和性能研究.合成树脂及塑料,2003,20(3):81~82
    75 徐宏德.弹性体/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及改性研究.北京化工大学博士学位论文,2005:43~124
    76 陈洪波.SBS产品市场现状及发展前景.化工技术经济,2004,22(11):26~28

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700