基于E-Connections理论的本体集成研究
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摘要
语义网(Semantic Web)是当前网络的扩展,在语义网中信息都被赋予了明确的含义,使得人机交互处理更加容易。本体(Ontology)通过提供了共享资源和定义了描述网络资源的精确术语而成为语义网应用中的关键。随着人们认识的不断提高,本体的数量不断增多,规模不断增大。然而,随着本体的构建目的不同、构建方法不同、表述方式不同,不同的本体具有不同的推理能力,这给本体的集成、推理、查询和维护带来巨大的困难。如何实现本体知识的共享和重用成为人工智能领域的研究热点。
描述逻辑(Description Logics,DL)是本体表示语言(Web Ontology Language,OWL,万维网组织推荐)的数学基础,OWL的表达能力直接由支持它的DL决定。OWL为合并本体提供的唯一方式是owl:imports构造子,它允许通过引用本体来包括分布在网络上的那个知识库的所有公理,这样仅提供了语法层次的模块化,而非逻辑上的模块化,而后者在现实中更加有意义。
E-Connections是用于合并其他逻辑形式的框架逻辑,它最主要的特色是有很强的计算能力。从建模的角度看,用E-Connection连接的每个本体都是在不同的应用域上的模型,而E-Connection本身是这些域的并集。
本文提出了一个基于E-Connections理论的本体集成框架和一系列相关的算法,设计并实现了一个原型系统(E-Connections based Ontology Integration System,EBOIS)。本文的目的是提供一种模块化本体集成的新方法和工具。实验结果表明本文的框架和算法是可行的,也是有效的。
The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation. Ontologies are expected to be a key element of Semantic Web applications by providing a source of shared and precisely defined terms that can be used for describing Web resources. With the continuous improvement of human awareness, ontologies are growing in number and scale. However, as the difference in building purpose, building methods and description, different ontologies have different reasoning ability, which bring tremendous difficulties in ontology combining, ontology reasoning, ontology inquiry and ontology maintaining. How to realize the knowledge sharing and ontology reusing is becoming a hot topic in the field of artificial intelligence.
Description logic (DL) is the mathematical basis of the Web Ontology Language (OWL) which is being standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The expressive ability of OWL is directly from DL by which it is supported. The only means that the OWL standard provides for combining ontologies is the owl:imports construct, which allows to include by reference in a knowledge base all the axioms contained in another ontology, published elsewhere on the Web. This certainly provides some syntactic modularity, but not a logical modularity, which is indeed more desirable, as will shown in this thesis.
E-Connections are a framework for combining logical formalisms, and have many desirable properties and, in particular, they are characterized by a very robust computational behavior. From the modeling perspective, each of the connected ontologies in an E-Connection is modeling a different application domain, while the E-Connection itself is the union of all these domains.
This thesis presents a framework for ontology integration based on E-Connections theory and series relative algorithms, as well designs and implements a prototype system (E-Connections based Ontology Integration System, EBOIS). The work presented here aims at providing new method for ontology integration by ontology modularization. The experimental results reveal that the framework and algorithm are effective and valid.
描述逻辑(Description Logics,DL)是本体表示语言(Web Ontology Language,OWL,万维网组织推荐)的数学基础,OWL的表达能力直接由支持它的DL决定。OWL为合并本体提供的唯一方式是owl:imports构造子,它允许通过引用本体来包括分布在网络上的那个知识库的所有公理,这样仅提供了语法层次的模块化,而非逻辑上的模块化,而后者在现实中更加有意义。
E-Connections是用于合并其他逻辑形式的框架逻辑,它最主要的特色是有很强的计算能力。从建模的角度看,用E-Connection连接的每个本体都是在不同的应用域上的模型,而E-Connection本身是这些域的并集。
本文提出了一个基于E-Connections理论的本体集成框架和一系列相关的算法,设计并实现了一个原型系统(E-Connections based Ontology Integration System,EBOIS)。本文的目的是提供一种模块化本体集成的新方法和工具。实验结果表明本文的框架和算法是可行的,也是有效的。
The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation. Ontologies are expected to be a key element of Semantic Web applications by providing a source of shared and precisely defined terms that can be used for describing Web resources. With the continuous improvement of human awareness, ontologies are growing in number and scale. However, as the difference in building purpose, building methods and description, different ontologies have different reasoning ability, which bring tremendous difficulties in ontology combining, ontology reasoning, ontology inquiry and ontology maintaining. How to realize the knowledge sharing and ontology reusing is becoming a hot topic in the field of artificial intelligence.
Description logic (DL) is the mathematical basis of the Web Ontology Language (OWL) which is being standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The expressive ability of OWL is directly from DL by which it is supported. The only means that the OWL standard provides for combining ontologies is the owl:imports construct, which allows to include by reference in a knowledge base all the axioms contained in another ontology, published elsewhere on the Web. This certainly provides some syntactic modularity, but not a logical modularity, which is indeed more desirable, as will shown in this thesis.
E-Connections are a framework for combining logical formalisms, and have many desirable properties and, in particular, they are characterized by a very robust computational behavior. From the modeling perspective, each of the connected ontologies in an E-Connection is modeling a different application domain, while the E-Connection itself is the union of all these domains.
This thesis presents a framework for ontology integration based on E-Connections theory and series relative algorithms, as well designs and implements a prototype system (E-Connections based Ontology Integration System, EBOIS). The work presented here aims at providing new method for ontology integration by ontology modularization. The experimental results reveal that the framework and algorithm are effective and valid.
引文
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[6]Peter F.Patel-Schneider,Patrick Hayes,Ian Horrocks.OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax,W3C Recommendation,February 10,2004.
[7]Mike Dean,Guus Schreiber,Frank van Harmelen.OWL Web Ontology Language Reference,W3C Recommendation,February 10,2004.
[8]辛昕.语义Web技术在电子政务系统中的研究与应用[D].北京邮电大学,2006.
[9]聂志强,李信利.基于本体的电子政务信息集成研究[J].微计算机信息,2007,(06)
[10]徐剑波.基于本体的电子政务资源管理系统研究[D].东华大学,2007.
[11]花开明.基于本体的元数据互操作在电子政务中的应用研究[D].东华大学,2007.
[12]刘涛.基于本体的电子政务数据集成研究[D].北京邮电大学,2006
[13]巨少辉.基于语义的政务信息服务系统的研究与设计[D].西北工业大学,2007.
[14]谷建军.基于叙词表的中医古籍文献领域本体建模方法研究[D].中国中医科学院,2006.
[15]黄利辉.本体论及其在生物医学领域的应用[J].医学情报工作,2006,(02).
[16]周肖彬,曹存根.基于本体的医学知识获取[J].计算机科学,2003,(10).
[17]陈焱,姜慧敏.医学领域本体研究现状[J].情报科学,2006,(10).
[18]朱歆华,赵大哲,于亚新,刘积仁.基于本体的医学资源库系统的设计与实现[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2007,(01).
[19]沈磊.基于本体的论文检索系统的设计与实现[J].现代图书情报技术,2007,(02).
[20]黄丰.浅论基于语义网的信息检索[J].情报探索,2006,(05).
[21]邹文科,孟祥武.基于语义Web的商品语义检索系统[A].2006年全国理论计算机科学学术年会论文集[C],2006.
[22]廖军.基于领域本体的信息检索研究[D].中南大学,2007.
[23]黄大鹏.基于语义Web的搜索引擎研究[D].西安理工大学,2004.
[24]凌海云.基于语义网的智能搜索技术的研究与实现[D].电子科技大学,2004.
[25]肖小聪,贺小箭,朱建军.基于本体论的网格服务组合方法[J].北京联合大学学报,2006,(03).
[26]郭英,栗君,陆菊康.基于语义的网格服务优化匹配[J].计算机工程,2007,(20).
[27]卢国明,顾小丰,孙世新,李建平.基于本体的网格资源匹配算法研究[J].计算机科学,2006,(04).
[28]刘柏嵩,高济.面向知识网格的本体学习研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,(20).
[29]张燕,王锋,张睿.基于本体的网格服务语义匹配方法[J].计算机工程,2007,(07)
[30]倪欢.语义门户网站本体查询技术研究[D].河海大学,2006.
[31]张峻峰.面向语义Web的领域本体表示、推理、集成及其应用研究[D].国防科技大学,2006.
[32]王真星,但唐仁,叶长青,刘岩,吕腾,丁天怀.本体集成的研究[J].计算机工程,2007,(02).
[33]林松涛.模块化本体建设研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2006.
[34]张维一,陆汝占.本体模块化的研究与实现[J].计算机应用研究,2007,(11):206-209.
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