石灰浆荷电雾化脱硫内部气液两相流流场的数值模拟
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摘要
湿法脱硫技术是目前世界上技术成熟度最高、使用最广泛的脱硫工艺。本文将静电效应引入石灰浆脱硫工艺中，以实验室模拟的石灰浆荷电喷雾脱硫塔内部流场为研究对象，运用相关的数值方法及测试手段进行研究，为荷电喷浆脱硫技术的应用提供相关的理论基础。
本文以颗粒拟流体模型以及前人建立的荷电喷雾两相湍流κ-ε-κ_p模型为理论基础，建立荷电石灰浆喷雾的两相湍流模型，同时建立了Ca(OH)_2雾滴的脱硫反应模型以及SO_2的传质方程。运用建立的湍流基本方程对石灰浆荷电雾化脱硫立式吸收塔内的二维流场进行数值计算，计算中采用差分方法，运用交错网格，以速度和压力作为原始变量，用混合物连续方程建立压力修正方程，采用压力速度耦合求解的方法。用SIMPLE算法进行编程运算，并运用商业计算软件包STAR-CD对脱硫塔内部气液两相流流场进行了模拟计算，最后给出了吸收塔内荷电气液两相湍流速度场的二维分布。在数值模拟部分运用粒子动态分析仪(PDA)测试技术得出了荷电喷雾雾滴的速度边界条件。
采用激光相位多普勒粒子分析(PIV)技术对吸收塔内石灰浆荷电喷雾流场进行了测试，获得了瞬时速度矢量图、速度云图等一系列反映石灰浆荷电雾化脱硫流场的详细信息，测量结果表明：在电场力的作用下，流场特性变化明显，荷电后喷雾雾化角明显增大，雾滴直径变小，整个湍流流场速度分布趋向均匀，这有助于提高脱硫效率，在喷雾边缘可看见明显的卷吸和回流区。将试验结果与数值模拟结果进行比较分析，结果表明建立的数学模型可以实现对荷电气液两相流流场的模拟。
The wet Flue Gas Desulphurization method has been one of the most mature and most useful process in the world. With this understanding of introducing electrostatic effect to the wet FGD, the research object of this thesis is a limestone-gypsum wet FGD adsorption column in the use of experimental simulation. We hope that with using computer and suitable experimental method to simulate the flow field inside the adsorption column, the results will offer relational theoretical basis to the application of lime slurry electrostatic spraying desulphurization technology.
In this thesis, the particle simulated fluid model is applied to establish two-phase turbulence model of lime slurry electrostatic spraying arrcoding to electrostatic sprayingκ-ε-κ_p turbulence model which has been builded. At the meantime, establishing Ca(OH)_2 droplet adsorption reaction model and SO_2 transfer equation. The turbulence fundamental equations which have been established are used to simulate charged gas-liquid two-phase turbulence in the adsorption column. The different method and crisscross mesh are used in the calculation. Velocity and pressure are taken as original variables to compile operational program by using SIMPLE algorithm, then the mixture continuity equation is used in the modeling. The thesis uses the software STAR-CD to simulate charged gas-liquid two-phase turbulence, then the numerical simulation of planar velocity fields in the charged gas-droplet two-phase turbulent of lime slurry electrostatic spraying is accomplished. In the part of numerical simulation, particle dynamic analyzer (PDA) is used to measure velocity boundary condition of charged spraying droplets.
The flow field of electro-spray in the adsorption column is measured by means of PIV. The distributions of velocity vector, velocity nephogram and some other details flow information in the field are obtained. With these researches, we obtain the following research views: In the effect of electrical field, flow field characteristics vary obviously, charging spraying angles change clearly, and lime slurry droplets' diameter is smaller. The whole turbulence flow field is well-proportioned, this result conduces to improve desulphurization efficiency. In the margin of spraying, we see visible entrainment phenomena and inverse flow. Comparing experimental results with numerical simulation results, the consequents indicate that the founded mathematical model can carry out numerical simulation of the charged gas-liquid two-phase turbulence flow field.
本文以颗粒拟流体模型以及前人建立的荷电喷雾两相湍流κ-ε-κ_p模型为理论基础，建立荷电石灰浆喷雾的两相湍流模型，同时建立了Ca(OH)_2雾滴的脱硫反应模型以及SO_2的传质方程。运用建立的湍流基本方程对石灰浆荷电雾化脱硫立式吸收塔内的二维流场进行数值计算，计算中采用差分方法，运用交错网格，以速度和压力作为原始变量，用混合物连续方程建立压力修正方程，采用压力速度耦合求解的方法。用SIMPLE算法进行编程运算，并运用商业计算软件包STAR-CD对脱硫塔内部气液两相流流场进行了模拟计算，最后给出了吸收塔内荷电气液两相湍流速度场的二维分布。在数值模拟部分运用粒子动态分析仪(PDA)测试技术得出了荷电喷雾雾滴的速度边界条件。
采用激光相位多普勒粒子分析(PIV)技术对吸收塔内石灰浆荷电喷雾流场进行了测试，获得了瞬时速度矢量图、速度云图等一系列反映石灰浆荷电雾化脱硫流场的详细信息，测量结果表明：在电场力的作用下，流场特性变化明显，荷电后喷雾雾化角明显增大，雾滴直径变小，整个湍流流场速度分布趋向均匀，这有助于提高脱硫效率，在喷雾边缘可看见明显的卷吸和回流区。将试验结果与数值模拟结果进行比较分析，结果表明建立的数学模型可以实现对荷电气液两相流流场的模拟。
The wet Flue Gas Desulphurization method has been one of the most mature and most useful process in the world. With this understanding of introducing electrostatic effect to the wet FGD, the research object of this thesis is a limestone-gypsum wet FGD adsorption column in the use of experimental simulation. We hope that with using computer and suitable experimental method to simulate the flow field inside the adsorption column, the results will offer relational theoretical basis to the application of lime slurry electrostatic spraying desulphurization technology.
In this thesis, the particle simulated fluid model is applied to establish two-phase turbulence model of lime slurry electrostatic spraying arrcoding to electrostatic sprayingκ-ε-κ_p turbulence model which has been builded. At the meantime, establishing Ca(OH)_2 droplet adsorption reaction model and SO_2 transfer equation. The turbulence fundamental equations which have been established are used to simulate charged gas-liquid two-phase turbulence in the adsorption column. The different method and crisscross mesh are used in the calculation. Velocity and pressure are taken as original variables to compile operational program by using SIMPLE algorithm, then the mixture continuity equation is used in the modeling. The thesis uses the software STAR-CD to simulate charged gas-liquid two-phase turbulence, then the numerical simulation of planar velocity fields in the charged gas-droplet two-phase turbulent of lime slurry electrostatic spraying is accomplished. In the part of numerical simulation, particle dynamic analyzer (PDA) is used to measure velocity boundary condition of charged spraying droplets.
The flow field of electro-spray in the adsorption column is measured by means of PIV. The distributions of velocity vector, velocity nephogram and some other details flow information in the field are obtained. With these researches, we obtain the following research views: In the effect of electrical field, flow field characteristics vary obviously, charging spraying angles change clearly, and lime slurry droplets' diameter is smaller. The whole turbulence flow field is well-proportioned, this result conduces to improve desulphurization efficiency. In the margin of spraying, we see visible entrainment phenomena and inverse flow. Comparing experimental results with numerical simulation results, the consequents indicate that the founded mathematical model can carry out numerical simulation of the charged gas-liquid two-phase turbulence flow field.
引文
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