电磁环网解环方案综合评价研究
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摘要
随着电力需求的快速增长,为减小网络的传输损失,需要采用更高等级电压的电网进行传输,这在一定时期内确实为电网带来了立竿见影的效益,但同时也形成了电磁环网。随着电网规模的不断扩大,电磁环网的负面效应也逐渐显现出来。由于电磁环网问题产生的事故屡次发生,并给国家和社会造成了重大的经济损失,因此电磁环网的开环已经成为供电网络中急需解决的重大问题。目前,我国电磁环网解环的条件已经成熟,各地已逐步开始了开环工作。由于电力系统的安全及发展是关系到国计民生的重大问题,因此在电磁环网解环等电网项目实施前,必须对其进行系统的评估,以保证项目的顺利实施。因此,研究电磁环网解环方案的评价有着重要的现实意义。
本文首先研究了已有的电磁环网解环方面的文献,总结了现有研究中的优点和不足之处。通过分析发现,目前我国对于电磁环网解环技术方面的研究已比较成熟,并制定了解环的技术原则,但在对解环效果分析、评价等问题的研究方面还有所欠缺。为此本文作者针对我国在该方面研究的不足之处采用综合评价的方法进行了更为深入的研究。为了使本文的技术背景更易于被理解,文中介绍了电磁环网相关的理论,主要有电磁环网的概念及产生原因、对电网的利弊影响、解环的原则和一般步骤。接着,本文根据综合评价过程中指标的筛选办法和评价体系建立的原则,针对高压电网的具体特点,为电磁环网解环方案的评价系统提出了一个实用的指标评价体系。该体系综合考虑了技术合理性、供电经济性、运行可靠性等多方面因素,结合实际应用,选择了多个能够全面反映解环方案优劣的指标,并对综合评价中经常使用的方法做了总结。然后,以某电网的实际情况和未来规划为基础,研究了其电磁环网解环的可行性,确立了其指标体系的权重。最后,采用传统的层次分析法和基于熵权的模糊评价法两种方法对该项目方案进行综合评价,并将两种方法的评价结果进行了对比,指出了它们各自的优缺点。
With the rapid growth of electric power demand, electric power grid of higher voltage class is needed for power transmission to reduce the transferring loss in grid. That really brings benefits to grid in a certain period. But the negative effects of electromagnetic loop network are emerging gradually due to the continuous expansion of the scale grid. Great loss has happened frequently resulting from the problems of electromagnetic loop network. So open-loop of electromagnetic loop network has been the significant problem in electric power network. At present, conditions for decoupling of electromagnetic loop network have been permitted and many places have begun to conduct open-loop work. The safe and speedy developments of power system are extremely important to national welfare and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the system must be estimated before the project is implemented to ensure the conducting of the project. On condition of this situation, it has important practical significance to study the evaluation of the scheme of unlocking electromagnetic loop network.
Because of this, the author has done in-depth study of inadequacies of the method in the areas of research by adopting a comparatively complete comprehensive evaluation system. At first, as for understanding the context more clearly and easily, the paper introduces related theory of electromagnetic loop network, which includes the conception and causes of electromagnetic loop network, advantages and disadvantages of the electromagnetic loop network on electric network, the principles of decoupling scheme of electromagnetic loop network and steps it follows. Then, a practical evaluation system of unlocking of electromagnetic loop network for the specific characteristics of high voltage power grid is proposed which is according to screening methods and indicators to establish the principles of evaluation system in comprehensive evaluating process. The evaluation system is suitable for practical application for comprehensively considering the technical soundness, power economy, reliability and other factors, and then select more than one solution to fully reflect the merits of the unlocking of electromagnetic loop program. It also summarizes methods which are usually used in comprehensive evolutions. At last, in case of the project of decoupling of one electromagnetic loop network, the paper evaluates performance about decoupling of electromagnetic loop network by applying traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight fuzzy evaluation method. The evaluation results of these two methods agree well. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were obtained by comparing solving processes.
本文首先研究了已有的电磁环网解环方面的文献,总结了现有研究中的优点和不足之处。通过分析发现,目前我国对于电磁环网解环技术方面的研究已比较成熟,并制定了解环的技术原则,但在对解环效果分析、评价等问题的研究方面还有所欠缺。为此本文作者针对我国在该方面研究的不足之处采用综合评价的方法进行了更为深入的研究。为了使本文的技术背景更易于被理解,文中介绍了电磁环网相关的理论,主要有电磁环网的概念及产生原因、对电网的利弊影响、解环的原则和一般步骤。接着,本文根据综合评价过程中指标的筛选办法和评价体系建立的原则,针对高压电网的具体特点,为电磁环网解环方案的评价系统提出了一个实用的指标评价体系。该体系综合考虑了技术合理性、供电经济性、运行可靠性等多方面因素,结合实际应用,选择了多个能够全面反映解环方案优劣的指标,并对综合评价中经常使用的方法做了总结。然后,以某电网的实际情况和未来规划为基础,研究了其电磁环网解环的可行性,确立了其指标体系的权重。最后,采用传统的层次分析法和基于熵权的模糊评价法两种方法对该项目方案进行综合评价,并将两种方法的评价结果进行了对比,指出了它们各自的优缺点。
With the rapid growth of electric power demand, electric power grid of higher voltage class is needed for power transmission to reduce the transferring loss in grid. That really brings benefits to grid in a certain period. But the negative effects of electromagnetic loop network are emerging gradually due to the continuous expansion of the scale grid. Great loss has happened frequently resulting from the problems of electromagnetic loop network. So open-loop of electromagnetic loop network has been the significant problem in electric power network. At present, conditions for decoupling of electromagnetic loop network have been permitted and many places have begun to conduct open-loop work. The safe and speedy developments of power system are extremely important to national welfare and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the system must be estimated before the project is implemented to ensure the conducting of the project. On condition of this situation, it has important practical significance to study the evaluation of the scheme of unlocking electromagnetic loop network.
Because of this, the author has done in-depth study of inadequacies of the method in the areas of research by adopting a comparatively complete comprehensive evaluation system. At first, as for understanding the context more clearly and easily, the paper introduces related theory of electromagnetic loop network, which includes the conception and causes of electromagnetic loop network, advantages and disadvantages of the electromagnetic loop network on electric network, the principles of decoupling scheme of electromagnetic loop network and steps it follows. Then, a practical evaluation system of unlocking of electromagnetic loop network for the specific characteristics of high voltage power grid is proposed which is according to screening methods and indicators to establish the principles of evaluation system in comprehensive evaluating process. The evaluation system is suitable for practical application for comprehensively considering the technical soundness, power economy, reliability and other factors, and then select more than one solution to fully reflect the merits of the unlocking of electromagnetic loop program. It also summarizes methods which are usually used in comprehensive evolutions. At last, in case of the project of decoupling of one electromagnetic loop network, the paper evaluates performance about decoupling of electromagnetic loop network by applying traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight fuzzy evaluation method. The evaluation results of these two methods agree well. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods were obtained by comparing solving processes.
引文
[1]孔涛,王洪涛,刘玉田,杨明辉,牟宏.500kV-220kV电磁环网开环研究[J].电力自动化设备,2003,23(12):13-16.
[2]雷晓蒙.美国西部电网1996年两次大面积停电事故初步分析[Z].中国电力,1996,29(12):62-67.
[3]张艳.500/220kV高压电网电磁解环的理论与方法研究[D].广东工业大学,2008.
[4]王加庆,吴迪,叶彬,石雪梅.安徽电网2008～2015年电磁环网的解环方案[J].华东电力,2008,36(12):59-60.
[5]王刚,王海林,郑卫洪,陈玉涛.对近期天津电网解环方案的探讨[J].供用电,2006,23(1):27-29.
[6]张祖平,范明天,周莉梅.城市电网电磁环网的解环问题研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(19):42-44.
[7]程海辉.500/220kV电磁环网开环运行分析[J].江苏电机工程,2005,24(5):38~40.
[8]成涛,成连生.电力系统的电磁环网运行[J].湖南电力,2001,21(5):3-5
[9]冯任卿,张智远,翟万生,夏保安,董昕.河北省南部电网500 kV /220 kV电磁环网解环方案的研究[J].河北电力技术,2006,25(5):13-14.
[10]万卫,蔡恒,钟士元.江西电网500 kV/220 kV电磁环网解环方案研究[J].江西电力,2008,32(5):19-21.
[11]林章岁,郑春平,吴威.福建电网500kV/220kV电磁环网解环运行的可行性研究[J].福建电力与电工,2003,23(2):1-4.
[12]林武汉.500 kV /220 kV高低压环网电磁解环的相关研究[J].华电技术,2008,30(10):4-6.
[13]段满银.电磁环网解环决策的分析和评断[D].华北电力大学,2006.
[14] Falcone, C.A.Electric utility industry structure in the united States. IEEE Power Engineering Review. 1992, 12(4):13–17.
[15] Bresesti,P., Sforna,M., Allegranza,V., Canever. Application of phase shifting transformers for a secure and efficient operation of the interconnection corridors. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2004. Vol.2:1192–1197.
[16] Kim,S.Y., Yoon,J.S., Chang,B.H.. The Operation Experience of KEPCO UPFC. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems. ICEMS 2005. Vol. 3:2502-2505.
[17]郝娟.大乌海地区电网电磁环网解环方案研究[D] .华北电力大学,2010.
[18]程林.电磁环网解合环分析与控制研究[D] .华北电力大学,2007.
[19]林章岁,郑春平,吴威.福建电网500kV/220kV电磁环网解环运行的可行性研究[J].福建电力与电工,2003(6):1-4.
[20]安徽中调调度规程[Z].安徽省电力公司.
[21]程琳,安徽电网江南江北电磁环网解环可行性分析[D].合肥工业大学,2009.
[22]叶义成,柯丽华,黄德育.系统综合评价技术及其应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006.
[23]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.中华人民共和国电力行业标准DL/T861-2004.电力可靠性基本名词术语[Z].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.7.13.
[24]桂敏,罗安.配电网可靠性评估系统[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(24):31-33,34.
[25]张鹏,王守相.大规模配电系统可靠性评估的区间算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(3):77-84.
[26]崔艳妍.电网规划综合评价方法研究与应用[D].天津大学,2008.
[27]胡永宏,贺思辉.综合评价方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[28]郭亚军.多属性综合评价[M].沈阳:东北农业大学出版社,1996.
[29]张目.基于数据包络分析的地理信息工程综合评价研究[D].武汉大学,2005.
[30]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[31]郭亚军.综合评价理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[32]王璐,包革军,王雪峰.综合评价中一种新的指标选择方法[J].数理统计与管理,2004,23(1):72-76.
[33] Weiwei Zhao, Jianhua Zhang, Jingfu Shang. Study on Eliminating Electromagnetic Loop In a Bulk Power system[J]. The 8th International Power Engineering Conference(IPEC2007), 2007.
[34] Jun Xiao, Yanyan Cui, Fengzhang Luo, et al. Comprehensive Method on Evaluation of Distribution Network Planning[C]. The Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies(DRPT2008), Nanjing, 2008.
[35] Tang Huizhi,Peng Jianchun. Research on synthetic and quantificated appraisal index of power quality based on fuzzy theory[J]. Power System technology, 2003, 27(12).
[36] Xia Xiang, Xiong Jun, Hu Liexiang. Analysis and control of loop Power flow in regional Power network [J]. Power System Technology, 2004, 28(22).
[37] Jun Xiao, Yanyan Cui, Fengzhang Luo, et al. Comprehensive Method on Evaluation of Distribution Network Planning[C]. The Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies(DRPT2008), Nanjing, 2008.
[2]雷晓蒙.美国西部电网1996年两次大面积停电事故初步分析[Z].中国电力,1996,29(12):62-67.
[3]张艳.500/220kV高压电网电磁解环的理论与方法研究[D].广东工业大学,2008.
[4]王加庆,吴迪,叶彬,石雪梅.安徽电网2008～2015年电磁环网的解环方案[J].华东电力,2008,36(12):59-60.
[5]王刚,王海林,郑卫洪,陈玉涛.对近期天津电网解环方案的探讨[J].供用电,2006,23(1):27-29.
[6]张祖平,范明天,周莉梅.城市电网电磁环网的解环问题研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(19):42-44.
[7]程海辉.500/220kV电磁环网开环运行分析[J].江苏电机工程,2005,24(5):38~40.
[8]成涛,成连生.电力系统的电磁环网运行[J].湖南电力,2001,21(5):3-5
[9]冯任卿,张智远,翟万生,夏保安,董昕.河北省南部电网500 kV /220 kV电磁环网解环方案的研究[J].河北电力技术,2006,25(5):13-14.
[10]万卫,蔡恒,钟士元.江西电网500 kV/220 kV电磁环网解环方案研究[J].江西电力,2008,32(5):19-21.
[11]林章岁,郑春平,吴威.福建电网500kV/220kV电磁环网解环运行的可行性研究[J].福建电力与电工,2003,23(2):1-4.
[12]林武汉.500 kV /220 kV高低压环网电磁解环的相关研究[J].华电技术,2008,30(10):4-6.
[13]段满银.电磁环网解环决策的分析和评断[D].华北电力大学,2006.
[14] Falcone, C.A.Electric utility industry structure in the united States. IEEE Power Engineering Review. 1992, 12(4):13–17.
[15] Bresesti,P., Sforna,M., Allegranza,V., Canever. Application of phase shifting transformers for a secure and efficient operation of the interconnection corridors. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2004. Vol.2:1192–1197.
[16] Kim,S.Y., Yoon,J.S., Chang,B.H.. The Operation Experience of KEPCO UPFC. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems. ICEMS 2005. Vol. 3:2502-2505.
[17]郝娟.大乌海地区电网电磁环网解环方案研究[D] .华北电力大学,2010.
[18]程林.电磁环网解合环分析与控制研究[D] .华北电力大学,2007.
[19]林章岁,郑春平,吴威.福建电网500kV/220kV电磁环网解环运行的可行性研究[J].福建电力与电工,2003(6):1-4.
[20]安徽中调调度规程[Z].安徽省电力公司.
[21]程琳,安徽电网江南江北电磁环网解环可行性分析[D].合肥工业大学,2009.
[22]叶义成,柯丽华,黄德育.系统综合评价技术及其应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006.
[23]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.中华人民共和国电力行业标准DL/T861-2004.电力可靠性基本名词术语[Z].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.7.13.
[24]桂敏,罗安.配电网可靠性评估系统[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(24):31-33,34.
[25]张鹏,王守相.大规模配电系统可靠性评估的区间算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(3):77-84.
[26]崔艳妍.电网规划综合评价方法研究与应用[D].天津大学,2008.
[27]胡永宏,贺思辉.综合评价方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[28]郭亚军.多属性综合评价[M].沈阳:东北农业大学出版社,1996.
[29]张目.基于数据包络分析的地理信息工程综合评价研究[D].武汉大学,2005.
[30]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[31]郭亚军.综合评价理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[32]王璐,包革军,王雪峰.综合评价中一种新的指标选择方法[J].数理统计与管理,2004,23(1):72-76.
[33] Weiwei Zhao, Jianhua Zhang, Jingfu Shang. Study on Eliminating Electromagnetic Loop In a Bulk Power system[J]. The 8th International Power Engineering Conference(IPEC2007), 2007.
[34] Jun Xiao, Yanyan Cui, Fengzhang Luo, et al. Comprehensive Method on Evaluation of Distribution Network Planning[C]. The Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies(DRPT2008), Nanjing, 2008.
[35] Tang Huizhi,Peng Jianchun. Research on synthetic and quantificated appraisal index of power quality based on fuzzy theory[J]. Power System technology, 2003, 27(12).
[36] Xia Xiang, Xiong Jun, Hu Liexiang. Analysis and control of loop Power flow in regional Power network [J]. Power System Technology, 2004, 28(22).
[37] Jun Xiao, Yanyan Cui, Fengzhang Luo, et al. Comprehensive Method on Evaluation of Distribution Network Planning[C]. The Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies(DRPT2008), Nanjing, 2008.