仿生智能层层组装涂层
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摘要
悬臂式掘进机主要用于巷道的掘进，由于其工作环境恶劣，截割机构受力复杂，且工作过程中载荷波动范围比较大，振动较大，振动产生冲击载荷，冲击机器零件的强度。为大幅度提高掘进机的生产效率和机械化程度，对掘进机提出了更高的要求，需要掘进机对工作环境有更好的适应性和更高的稳定性。
本论文以EBH360型悬臂式掘进机的截割臂为研究对象。掘进机在向前掘进时，截割臂受力复杂，主要包括法向阻力、切向阻力和顶推阻力等，且法向阻力的方向不定，此外还有动载荷的影响，截割臂的合理结构决定掘进机器的工作性能及整机的稳定性，如果截割臂的结构强度和刚度不满足要求，将会使得掘进机的整体性能下降和疲劳破裂，甚至造成事故。论文对截割臂的各组成部分进行应力分析，然后进行强度校核，对应力集中或者危险区域进行优化设计和结构改进，具体内容如下：
（1）分析了掘进机的工作过程及原理，确定出截割头的工况载荷，用于结构件静强度计算。通过分析，确定出四种危险工况，分别为截割臂处于水平位置、垂直力最大位置、最高位置和最低位置。
（2）建立了截割臂的三维实体模型，并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对以上四种工况进行了有限元分析，经过分析发现掘进机在工作过程中容易发生损坏的零部件包括外筒、轴套以及后座板。
（3）根据有限元分析的结果，针对最大应力出现的具体位置，对各个件进行了改进设计，然后建立修改后的有限元模型，选择截割臂处于水平位置工况进行分析，结果表明，经过修改后的模型应力明显降低，满足设计要求。
Roadheader, whose development improves the tunneling speed and efficiency of minetunnels greatly, is commonly used equipment in drifting tunnel. In the adverse workingenvironment, the load fluctuation range of cutting mechanism that with complexity of stressis large during working process. Meanwhile the large vibration has an impact to the strengthof the machine parts. For the production efficiency and mechanization degree couldimprove greatly, better adaptability and higher stability for working environment is neededto boring machine.
This paper study on EBH360cantilevered boring machine’s cutting arm. During workingprocess, the cutting arm is forced by various resistances, such as tangential resistance,incremental launching resistance, normal resistance whose direction is uncertain, and thedynamic load. The work performance and the stability of the whole machine are determinedby the rational structure of boring machine. And deficient structure strength and stiffnesswill decrease the cutting performance and cause fatigue break. With stress analysis andstrength check of components of cutting arm, this paper optimized the design and improvedthe structure for stress concentration and hazardous areas. Details are as follows:
1) The work process and the principles of the boring machine were analyzed to determinethe condition load that use to calculate static strength of structural components. Accordin tothe analysis, four dangerous condition were determined which are the cutting arm in theposition of the horizontal, the vertical force maxium, the highest, the lowest, respectively.
2) Pro/e is a3D modeling software that was used to establish three-dimensional solidmodel of cutting arm. And the ANSYS, a finite element analysis software, was used in thefinite element analysis of above mentioned conditions. The analysis suggests that duringworking the parts that easy to damage include the outer cylinder, the axle sleeve and thebackseat plate.
3) According to the result of finite element analysis, for the specific position of the maximum stress, various parts were designed and modified. Then the finite element analysismodel that was modified was established. The analysis of the condition that cutting arm inthe horizontal position suggests that the stress of the modified model decreased significantly,which meets the design requirements.
本论文以EBH360型悬臂式掘进机的截割臂为研究对象。掘进机在向前掘进时，截割臂受力复杂，主要包括法向阻力、切向阻力和顶推阻力等，且法向阻力的方向不定，此外还有动载荷的影响，截割臂的合理结构决定掘进机器的工作性能及整机的稳定性，如果截割臂的结构强度和刚度不满足要求，将会使得掘进机的整体性能下降和疲劳破裂，甚至造成事故。论文对截割臂的各组成部分进行应力分析，然后进行强度校核，对应力集中或者危险区域进行优化设计和结构改进，具体内容如下：
（1）分析了掘进机的工作过程及原理，确定出截割头的工况载荷，用于结构件静强度计算。通过分析，确定出四种危险工况，分别为截割臂处于水平位置、垂直力最大位置、最高位置和最低位置。
（2）建立了截割臂的三维实体模型，并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对以上四种工况进行了有限元分析，经过分析发现掘进机在工作过程中容易发生损坏的零部件包括外筒、轴套以及后座板。
（3）根据有限元分析的结果，针对最大应力出现的具体位置，对各个件进行了改进设计，然后建立修改后的有限元模型，选择截割臂处于水平位置工况进行分析，结果表明，经过修改后的模型应力明显降低，满足设计要求。
Roadheader, whose development improves the tunneling speed and efficiency of minetunnels greatly, is commonly used equipment in drifting tunnel. In the adverse workingenvironment, the load fluctuation range of cutting mechanism that with complexity of stressis large during working process. Meanwhile the large vibration has an impact to the strengthof the machine parts. For the production efficiency and mechanization degree couldimprove greatly, better adaptability and higher stability for working environment is neededto boring machine.
This paper study on EBH360cantilevered boring machine’s cutting arm. During workingprocess, the cutting arm is forced by various resistances, such as tangential resistance,incremental launching resistance, normal resistance whose direction is uncertain, and thedynamic load. The work performance and the stability of the whole machine are determinedby the rational structure of boring machine. And deficient structure strength and stiffnesswill decrease the cutting performance and cause fatigue break. With stress analysis andstrength check of components of cutting arm, this paper optimized the design and improvedthe structure for stress concentration and hazardous areas. Details are as follows:
1) The work process and the principles of the boring machine were analyzed to determinethe condition load that use to calculate static strength of structural components. Accordin tothe analysis, four dangerous condition were determined which are the cutting arm in theposition of the horizontal, the vertical force maxium, the highest, the lowest, respectively.
2) Pro/e is a3D modeling software that was used to establish three-dimensional solidmodel of cutting arm. And the ANSYS, a finite element analysis software, was used in thefinite element analysis of above mentioned conditions. The analysis suggests that duringworking the parts that easy to damage include the outer cylinder, the axle sleeve and thebackseat plate.
3) According to the result of finite element analysis, for the specific position of the maximum stress, various parts were designed and modified. Then the finite element analysismodel that was modified was established. The analysis of the condition that cutting arm inthe horizontal position suggests that the stress of the modified model decreased significantly,which meets the design requirements.
引文
[1]朱进.悬臂式掘进机发展初探[J].中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊),2011,(12).
[2]马平. EBZ系列横轴式掘进机的技术发展[J].煤炭技术,2006,(10).
[3]毛君,吴常田,谢苗.浅谈悬臂式掘进机的发展及趋势[J].中国工程机械学报,2007,(2).
[4]马跃.谈我国悬臂式掘进机的发展及趋势[J].煤,2006,(2).
[5]汪胜陆,孟国营,田劼,赵立新.悬臂式掘进机的发展状况及趋势[J].煤矿机械,2007,(6).
[6]高承兴,刘德林.掘进机的技术现状及发展趋势[J].煤矿机械,2009,(5).
[7]邢印成,王凤林,郭滨.掘进机的发展[J].煤炭技术,2005,(5).
[8]王秀香,张珏,刘汉昌,李晓霞.掘进机在我国的应用前景[J].水利水电工程设计,2003,(4).
[9]王喜胜,姜希琴,王学成.我国悬臂式掘进机新技术的应用与发展[A]..[C].:,2007.
[10]叶仿拥,马永辉,徐晋勇,向家伟,.掘进装备在我国煤矿中的发展及趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,(4).
[11]王虹，黄华城.煤和半煤岩巷掘进机的现状与发展[J].煤矿机电,1994,(2).
[12]李中才,.掘进机的操作稳定性分析[J].煤矿机械,2006,(4).
[13]李晓豁,姜鹤,赵悦,何洋,.基于ARM7的悬臂式掘进机截割机构故障监测系统的研究[J].矿山机械,2009,(23).
[14]王学成. EBH315掘进机的静态稳定性分析[J].煤矿机械,2011,(12).
[15]李北平. EBH-132型悬臂式掘进机振动截割机构动力学分析研究[D].西安科技大学:西安科技大学,2008.
[16]汪亮,侯祥明,张立祥.基于ADAMS的EBH-120掘进机截割头受力动态仿真[J].煤矿机械,2009,(4).
[17]侯祥明.横轴式掘进机截割头受力及整机振动分析[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2008.
[18]朱延松. EBH-120掘进机有关零部件动力学特性研究[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2007.
[19]任中全,李北平,张昆. EBH-132型悬臂掘进机截割头受力稳定性分析[J].煤矿机械,2008,(1).
[20]张红顺.掘进机截割臂动态载荷识别[J].煤矿机械,2011,(12).
[21] CHEN Guoqiang, YANG Yang, WANG Hongyao. Application and testing of a verticalangle control for a boom-type road header[J]. Mining Science and Technology,2010,(1).
[22] Mao Jun, Li Jiangang, Li Weikang. Building Model and Dynamic Simulation ofProfiling Cutting for Roadheader[A]. Tongji University Press,2007.
[23]高春花.悬臂式掘进机开发设计方向的探讨[J].煤矿机械,2009,(3).
[24]马平. EBZ系列横轴式掘进机的技术发展[J].煤炭技术,2006,(10).
[25]王彦海. EBH300(A)岩石掘进机截割部设计及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,(10).
[26]王韶蓓. EBH/J-132型掘进机的研制与试验[J].煤矿机电,2005,(1).
[27]李振国. EBZ-240型悬臂式掘进机的研制[J].煤矿机械,2011,(12).
[28]饶玉平,方麟祥,王安豪. EBH35悬臂式掘进机在沿沟煤矿的应用[J].江西煤炭科技,2011,(4).
[29]李平.对EBH-120型悬臂式掘进机的技术改进[A].何国家,赵庆彪.煤炭工业出版社[C].煤炭工业出版社:煤炭工业出版社,2010.
[30]涂兆平,王世良. EBZ-55悬臂式煤巷掘进机的改进[J].江西煤炭科技,2007,(3).
[31]马玉久,. EBZ—220半煤岩掘进机快速掘进技术研究[J].科技情报开发与经济,2008,(28).
[32]王学成. EBH315掘进机总体设计中重要参数的确定[J].价值工程,2012,(1).
[33]王立新,李震,韩玉坤. EBH-132型掘进机接地比压及有效长度探讨[J].煤矿机械,2009,(1).
[34]汪昌玲. EBH-120型悬臂式掘进机[Z].安徽省:凯盛重工有限公司.
[35]朱传平. EBZ260H型掘进机在隧道施工中的应用[J].西北水电,2011,(4).
[36]李凌山,魏裕博. EBZ160TY型掘进机在巷道掘进中的应用[J].山东煤炭科技,2008,(2).
[37]代秋巍,刘雪川. EBZ200H悬臂式纵轴掘进机在岩巷施工中的应用[A].[C].合肥工业大学出版社,2008.
[38]王琦,史学嵩,王洪宝,.掘进机内喷雾系统及三层螺旋式喷嘴的设计与应用[J].山东煤炭科技,2009,(5).
[39]张明敏,高英,马健康. EBH/J—132型掘进机用于短壁开采的试验研究[J].煤,2005,(2).
[40]郑德胜. EBH-132型悬臂式掘进机关键零部件的应力分析研究[D].吉林大学:吉林大学,2006.
[41]周仕来,刘勇,杨勇,康向涛. EBZ-160型综掘机的实践与应用[J].煤矿机械,2010,(8).
[42]马秀岭. EBH-90型掘进机技术改造[J].中国煤炭,2008,(5).
[43]王羽玲.吕家坨矿业公司掘进机存在的问题及改进措施[J].矿山机械,2010,(2).
[44]刘英林. EBZ-135掘进机截割头结构优化设计[J].煤炭工程,2011,(9).
[45]方志淮. EBH-120型掘进机关键零部件的优化设计[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2005.
[46]程东平,彭树权,梁超. EBZ255型掘进机工作臂有限元分析[A]..[C].:,2010.
[47]张安宁,尹中会,梁超,彭树权. EBZ255悬臂式掘进机升降臂有限元分析[J].煤矿机械,2011,(9).
[48]朱家祥. EBZ-160型掘进机内伸缩臂参数优化设计[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2010.
[49]戴宏胜. EBZ40掘进机工作机构的设计与有限元分析及优化[D].湘潭大学:湘潭大学,2010.
[50]刘松.横轴式掘进机截割部传动系统动态特性研究[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2009.
[2]马平. EBZ系列横轴式掘进机的技术发展[J].煤炭技术,2006,(10).
[3]毛君,吴常田,谢苗.浅谈悬臂式掘进机的发展及趋势[J].中国工程机械学报,2007,(2).
[4]马跃.谈我国悬臂式掘进机的发展及趋势[J].煤,2006,(2).
[5]汪胜陆,孟国营,田劼,赵立新.悬臂式掘进机的发展状况及趋势[J].煤矿机械,2007,(6).
[6]高承兴,刘德林.掘进机的技术现状及发展趋势[J].煤矿机械,2009,(5).
[7]邢印成,王凤林,郭滨.掘进机的发展[J].煤炭技术,2005,(5).
[8]王秀香,张珏,刘汉昌,李晓霞.掘进机在我国的应用前景[J].水利水电工程设计,2003,(4).
[9]王喜胜,姜希琴,王学成.我国悬臂式掘进机新技术的应用与发展[A]..[C].:,2007.
[10]叶仿拥,马永辉,徐晋勇,向家伟,.掘进装备在我国煤矿中的发展及趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,(4).
[11]王虹，黄华城.煤和半煤岩巷掘进机的现状与发展[J].煤矿机电,1994,(2).
[12]李中才,.掘进机的操作稳定性分析[J].煤矿机械,2006,(4).
[13]李晓豁,姜鹤,赵悦,何洋,.基于ARM7的悬臂式掘进机截割机构故障监测系统的研究[J].矿山机械,2009,(23).
[14]王学成. EBH315掘进机的静态稳定性分析[J].煤矿机械,2011,(12).
[15]李北平. EBH-132型悬臂式掘进机振动截割机构动力学分析研究[D].西安科技大学:西安科技大学,2008.
[16]汪亮,侯祥明,张立祥.基于ADAMS的EBH-120掘进机截割头受力动态仿真[J].煤矿机械,2009,(4).
[17]侯祥明.横轴式掘进机截割头受力及整机振动分析[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2008.
[18]朱延松. EBH-120掘进机有关零部件动力学特性研究[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2007.
[19]任中全,李北平,张昆. EBH-132型悬臂掘进机截割头受力稳定性分析[J].煤矿机械,2008,(1).
[20]张红顺.掘进机截割臂动态载荷识别[J].煤矿机械,2011,(12).
[21] CHEN Guoqiang, YANG Yang, WANG Hongyao. Application and testing of a verticalangle control for a boom-type road header[J]. Mining Science and Technology,2010,(1).
[22] Mao Jun, Li Jiangang, Li Weikang. Building Model and Dynamic Simulation ofProfiling Cutting for Roadheader[A]. Tongji University Press,2007.
[23]高春花.悬臂式掘进机开发设计方向的探讨[J].煤矿机械,2009,(3).
[24]马平. EBZ系列横轴式掘进机的技术发展[J].煤炭技术,2006,(10).
[25]王彦海. EBH300(A)岩石掘进机截割部设计及应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,(10).
[26]王韶蓓. EBH/J-132型掘进机的研制与试验[J].煤矿机电,2005,(1).
[27]李振国. EBZ-240型悬臂式掘进机的研制[J].煤矿机械,2011,(12).
[28]饶玉平,方麟祥,王安豪. EBH35悬臂式掘进机在沿沟煤矿的应用[J].江西煤炭科技,2011,(4).
[29]李平.对EBH-120型悬臂式掘进机的技术改进[A].何国家,赵庆彪.煤炭工业出版社[C].煤炭工业出版社:煤炭工业出版社,2010.
[30]涂兆平,王世良. EBZ-55悬臂式煤巷掘进机的改进[J].江西煤炭科技,2007,(3).
[31]马玉久,. EBZ—220半煤岩掘进机快速掘进技术研究[J].科技情报开发与经济,2008,(28).
[32]王学成. EBH315掘进机总体设计中重要参数的确定[J].价值工程,2012,(1).
[33]王立新,李震,韩玉坤. EBH-132型掘进机接地比压及有效长度探讨[J].煤矿机械,2009,(1).
[34]汪昌玲. EBH-120型悬臂式掘进机[Z].安徽省:凯盛重工有限公司.
[35]朱传平. EBZ260H型掘进机在隧道施工中的应用[J].西北水电,2011,(4).
[36]李凌山,魏裕博. EBZ160TY型掘进机在巷道掘进中的应用[J].山东煤炭科技,2008,(2).
[37]代秋巍,刘雪川. EBZ200H悬臂式纵轴掘进机在岩巷施工中的应用[A].[C].合肥工业大学出版社,2008.
[38]王琦,史学嵩,王洪宝,.掘进机内喷雾系统及三层螺旋式喷嘴的设计与应用[J].山东煤炭科技,2009,(5).
[39]张明敏,高英,马健康. EBH/J—132型掘进机用于短壁开采的试验研究[J].煤,2005,(2).
[40]郑德胜. EBH-132型悬臂式掘进机关键零部件的应力分析研究[D].吉林大学:吉林大学,2006.
[41]周仕来,刘勇,杨勇,康向涛. EBZ-160型综掘机的实践与应用[J].煤矿机械,2010,(8).
[42]马秀岭. EBH-90型掘进机技术改造[J].中国煤炭,2008,(5).
[43]王羽玲.吕家坨矿业公司掘进机存在的问题及改进措施[J].矿山机械,2010,(2).
[44]刘英林. EBZ-135掘进机截割头结构优化设计[J].煤炭工程,2011,(9).
[45]方志淮. EBH-120型掘进机关键零部件的优化设计[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2005.
[46]程东平,彭树权,梁超. EBZ255型掘进机工作臂有限元分析[A]..[C].:,2010.
[47]张安宁,尹中会,梁超,彭树权. EBZ255悬臂式掘进机升降臂有限元分析[J].煤矿机械,2011,(9).
[48]朱家祥. EBZ-160型掘进机内伸缩臂参数优化设计[D].安徽理工大学:安徽理工大学,2010.
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