基于无线网络的便携式飞机维修辅助系统的设计
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摘要
近年来,国内民用飞机制造业取得了丰硕的成果。越来越多的国内民用飞机已经进入工程发展阶段,并且逐渐投放市场,包括新舟60系列和ARJ21系列的支线客机,以及最新的C919客机等。但是,作为民用飞机制造的重要组成部分,国内民用飞机维修技术落后,严重制约了国内民用飞机制造的发展。便携式飞机维修辅助系统的设计与实现将大大提高飞机维修的技术水平,从而进一步提高飞机的维修性能,实现整个民用飞机制造产业的提升。
本文利用无线局域网技术、嵌入式技术和物联网技术等,提出了应用于民用飞机维修的辅助系统的软硬件设计方案。简单介绍了主要硬件电路设计,包括主要处理器芯片的介绍,电源电路的设计及基本硬件电路的设计。详细介绍了基于嵌入式Linux操作系统的软件设计,包括软件运行环境的搭建,软件界面的设计和各部分功能软件的设计与实现。在TQ2440开发板的基础上,应用QT/Embedded图形用户界面实现了各部分软件运行界面。基于无线局域网技术,应用USB无线网卡和无线路由器实现了嵌入式系统与PC机的通信,简单模拟了便携式飞机维修辅助系统与维修信息中心的无线通信。最后,应用FTP传输协议、嵌入式浏览器和SIP协议分别实现了文件传输、电子技术手册查询和语音通话三部分应用软件。便携式飞机维修辅助系统主要应用在民用飞机维修的工作现场。一方面,维修人员不需要查阅大量的纸质维修技术文档,提高了飞机维修的效率。另一方面,可以为维修人员提供远程技术支持,从而保证维修的质量和准确性。此外,可以让维修人员记录维修过程的信息,给今后的飞机维修提供更多的技术资料,实现飞机维修的可持续发展。
In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the industry of China-made civil aircraft. More and more China-made civil aircrafts have been already developed and utilized in practical applications, including MA60 series regional aircrafts, ARJ21 series regional aircrafts, C919 large aircraft etc. However, the under-developed domestic civil aircraft maintenance technology (which is an important component of civil aircraft manufacturing) severely retards the development of domestic civil aircraft manufacturing. Design and implementation of portable aircraft maintenance aids will greatly improve the technological level of aircraft maintenance as well as the maintenance performance of aircraft, so as to upgrade the manufacturing industry of civil aircraft.
Using the technologies of wireless local area network (WLAN), embedded computer and Internet of Things, the software and hardware designs of portable maintenance aids are proposed, which are used in the maintenance of civil aircraft. In this thesis, we simply introduce the hardware design which is composed of the selection of main chips, design of power circuits and basic hardware circuits. The software architecture based on embedded Linux is detailed, including operating environment, user interface and software program. On the basis of TQ2440 development board, all software interfaces are completed by using QT/Embedded. We adopt WLAN technology to enable to communicate with PCs through USB wireless network card and wireless router, which emulates the wireless communications between portable maintenance aids and maintenance information centre in a simple way. Finally, by the use of FTP protocol, embedded browser and SIP protocol, we accomplish three software works consisting of file transfer, inquiry of electronic technical documentations and voice conversation.
Portable maintenance aids are applied in the aircraft maintenance. On the one hand, maintenance staffs do not need to read a large number of hard-copy of technical documents so that the efficiency of maintenance will be greatly improved. On the other hand, portable maintenance aids can provide remote technical support for maintenance staffs, ensuring the quality and accuracy of the maintenance. Besides, portable maintenance aids makes it possible that the information of maintenance procedure is recorded and thus more technical documentations may be provided for future aircraft maintenance, which is vital for the sustainable development of aircraft maintenance.
本文利用无线局域网技术、嵌入式技术和物联网技术等,提出了应用于民用飞机维修的辅助系统的软硬件设计方案。简单介绍了主要硬件电路设计,包括主要处理器芯片的介绍,电源电路的设计及基本硬件电路的设计。详细介绍了基于嵌入式Linux操作系统的软件设计,包括软件运行环境的搭建,软件界面的设计和各部分功能软件的设计与实现。在TQ2440开发板的基础上,应用QT/Embedded图形用户界面实现了各部分软件运行界面。基于无线局域网技术,应用USB无线网卡和无线路由器实现了嵌入式系统与PC机的通信,简单模拟了便携式飞机维修辅助系统与维修信息中心的无线通信。最后,应用FTP传输协议、嵌入式浏览器和SIP协议分别实现了文件传输、电子技术手册查询和语音通话三部分应用软件。便携式飞机维修辅助系统主要应用在民用飞机维修的工作现场。一方面,维修人员不需要查阅大量的纸质维修技术文档,提高了飞机维修的效率。另一方面,可以为维修人员提供远程技术支持,从而保证维修的质量和准确性。此外,可以让维修人员记录维修过程的信息,给今后的飞机维修提供更多的技术资料,实现飞机维修的可持续发展。
In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the industry of China-made civil aircraft. More and more China-made civil aircrafts have been already developed and utilized in practical applications, including MA60 series regional aircrafts, ARJ21 series regional aircrafts, C919 large aircraft etc. However, the under-developed domestic civil aircraft maintenance technology (which is an important component of civil aircraft manufacturing) severely retards the development of domestic civil aircraft manufacturing. Design and implementation of portable aircraft maintenance aids will greatly improve the technological level of aircraft maintenance as well as the maintenance performance of aircraft, so as to upgrade the manufacturing industry of civil aircraft.
Using the technologies of wireless local area network (WLAN), embedded computer and Internet of Things, the software and hardware designs of portable maintenance aids are proposed, which are used in the maintenance of civil aircraft. In this thesis, we simply introduce the hardware design which is composed of the selection of main chips, design of power circuits and basic hardware circuits. The software architecture based on embedded Linux is detailed, including operating environment, user interface and software program. On the basis of TQ2440 development board, all software interfaces are completed by using QT/Embedded. We adopt WLAN technology to enable to communicate with PCs through USB wireless network card and wireless router, which emulates the wireless communications between portable maintenance aids and maintenance information centre in a simple way. Finally, by the use of FTP protocol, embedded browser and SIP protocol, we accomplish three software works consisting of file transfer, inquiry of electronic technical documentations and voice conversation.
Portable maintenance aids are applied in the aircraft maintenance. On the one hand, maintenance staffs do not need to read a large number of hard-copy of technical documents so that the efficiency of maintenance will be greatly improved. On the other hand, portable maintenance aids can provide remote technical support for maintenance staffs, ensuring the quality and accuracy of the maintenance. Besides, portable maintenance aids makes it possible that the information of maintenance procedure is recorded and thus more technical documentations may be provided for future aircraft maintenance, which is vital for the sustainable development of aircraft maintenance.
引文
[1] 2006年02月14日民航总局副局长高宏峰答记者问. http://www.gov.cn/xwfb/2006-02/14/content_188493.htm
[2] 2010年12月22日中航工业副总经理顾惠忠接受记者采访. http://www.mte.net.cn/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=3222
[3]波音提高对中国市场飞机需求的预测. Boeing China Newsletter. December 2010 No.19:18-19
[4]朱林发.航空维修应当成为航空业战略发展的重要内容.航空工业经济研究, 2007(3):35-38
[5] Ross, William A. The Impact of Next Generation Test Technology on Aviation Maintenance. AUTOTESTCON (Proceedings), p 2-9, 2003, Future Sustainment for Military and Aerospace
[6] Gerald W. Bapst, Steven W. Butcher, Regina S. Clifford,Robert L. Jordan, Portable Maintenance Aids[R].Logistics Management Institute, 2001.
[7]郭亮.便携式维修终端PMA安全体系研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].长沙:国防科学技术大学, 2004
[8] Tim S. Leung, Ka Wing Lee. Walter W.C. Chung. Systems and application development for portable maintenance aid (PMA)– a performance perspective. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management Vol. 17 No. 6, 2006 pp. 786-805
[9]杜晓明编译.装备保障信息化中的交互式电子技术手册( IETM)研究
[10] HUANG Wei, BAO Jiang-Qi, CHEN Xiao-hua. Research and Implementation of Wireless Portable Maintenance Aids for China-made Large Aircraft. International Conference on Computational Problem-Solving (ICCP), 2010
[11] Grissom, Troy. Done, Rob. Hands free data collection for aircraft maintainers. AUTOTESTCON (Proceedings), p 496-498, 2008, IEEE Autotestcon 2008 Proceedings
[12] Leo, Marco. D'Orazio, Tiziana. Looney, David. Mandic, Danilo P. Bivariate EMD analysis for aircraft component inspection. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, p 2797-2802, 2010, ISIE 2010
[13] Mattern, Friedemann. Floerkemeier, Christian. From the internet of computers to the internet of things. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in ArtificialIntelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), v 6462 LNCS, p 242-259, 2010
[14]彭辉燕.基于HHT的故障诊断时频分析:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2010
[15]姜志宏,王晖,孙晓,陶钧.穿戴式辅助维修终端系统KD-PMA的设计.兵工自动化,2006,25(9):21-22
[16]曹原,杜晓明.便携维修辅助设备(PMA)的应用研究.第一届维修工程国际学术会议论文集. 2006:358-360
[17] Chang, Yoon S. Oh, Chang H. Whang, Yoon S. Lee, Jae J. Kwon, Jang A. Kang, Min S. Park, Jun.S. Park, Ung Y. Development of RFID enabled aircraft maintenance system. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN'06, p 224-229, 2007
[18]孙弋. ARM-Linux嵌入式系统开发基础.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008,21-22
[19] Anderson, Timothy R. Daim, Tugrul U. Kim, Jisun. Technology forecasting for wireless communication. Technovation, v 28, n 9, p 602-614, September 2008
[20] Dhawan, Sanjeev. Analogy of promising wireless technologies on different frequencies: Bluetooth, WiFi, and WiMAX. The 2nd International Conference on Wireless Broadband and Ultra Wideband Communications, AusWireless 2007
[21] Abu Shariah, Mohammad A. M. Ainon, Raja N. Zainuddin, Roziati. Khalifa, Othman O. Human computer interaction using isolated-words speech recognition technology. 2007 International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS 2007, p 1173-1178, 2007
[22]段道聚,张永祯,张景义,廖小健.基于无线网络的便携式维修辅助终端设计.信息化研究, 2010(8):59-61
[23]赵玉婷,左洪福,潘绍松.便携式维修设备终端PMA的研究.飞机设计, 2010(3):72-74
[24] Tom Nicolai, Thomas Sindt, Hendrik Witt, J¨orn Reimerdes, and Holger Kenn. Wearable Computing for Aircraft Maintenance: Simplifying the User Interface. IFAWC2006. March 15-16. Mobile Research Center, TZI Universit?t Bremen, Germany
[25]冯惊雷,朱家元,张恒喜.航空维修便携式计算机发展现状及挑战.航空维修与工程,2002(5):29-31
[26] Song, Xiangjun. Liu, Long; Jiang, Junrong. IETM technology research in the Integrated: Diagnostics of the Equipment System. ICCASM 2010 - 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling, Proceedings, v 7, p v7643-v7645, 2010
[27]孟飞,吕永健.飞机维修保障中开发和应用PMA的几点思考建议.航空维修与工程, 2008 (4):44-47
[28]郑永靖.民用飞机数字化综合维修信息系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中师范大学,2004
[29]田欣.基于S3C2440A的数字多媒体无线局域网接收端的研发:[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学, 2010
[30] S3C2440A 32-Bit CMOS Microcontroller User's Manual, Revision 1. Publication Number: 21-S3-C2440A-072004. Samsung Electronics, 2004
[31] UDA1341TS Economy audio CODEC for MiniDisc (MD) home stereo and portable applications. Philips Semiconductors, 2002
[32]林晓飞,刘彬,张辉.基于ARM嵌入式Linux应用开发与实例教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2007,163-166
[33] 54M无线USB网卡TL-WN321G+产品规格http://www.tp-link.cn/pages/product-detail.asp?d=28&t=1#tag
[34]王金泉,张学军.机务维修移动终端系统的设计方案.航空维修与工程, 2005(5):57-59
[35] Xlight FTP Server. http://www.xlightftpd.com/index.htm
[36]李洵.基于ARM9的嵌入式SIP终端的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].郑州:郑州大学, 2007
[2] 2010年12月22日中航工业副总经理顾惠忠接受记者采访. http://www.mte.net.cn/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=3222
[3]波音提高对中国市场飞机需求的预测. Boeing China Newsletter. December 2010 No.19:18-19
[4]朱林发.航空维修应当成为航空业战略发展的重要内容.航空工业经济研究, 2007(3):35-38
[5] Ross, William A. The Impact of Next Generation Test Technology on Aviation Maintenance. AUTOTESTCON (Proceedings), p 2-9, 2003, Future Sustainment for Military and Aerospace
[6] Gerald W. Bapst, Steven W. Butcher, Regina S. Clifford,Robert L. Jordan, Portable Maintenance Aids[R].Logistics Management Institute, 2001.
[7]郭亮.便携式维修终端PMA安全体系研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].长沙:国防科学技术大学, 2004
[8] Tim S. Leung, Ka Wing Lee. Walter W.C. Chung. Systems and application development for portable maintenance aid (PMA)– a performance perspective. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management Vol. 17 No. 6, 2006 pp. 786-805
[9]杜晓明编译.装备保障信息化中的交互式电子技术手册( IETM)研究
[10] HUANG Wei, BAO Jiang-Qi, CHEN Xiao-hua. Research and Implementation of Wireless Portable Maintenance Aids for China-made Large Aircraft. International Conference on Computational Problem-Solving (ICCP), 2010
[11] Grissom, Troy. Done, Rob. Hands free data collection for aircraft maintainers. AUTOTESTCON (Proceedings), p 496-498, 2008, IEEE Autotestcon 2008 Proceedings
[12] Leo, Marco. D'Orazio, Tiziana. Looney, David. Mandic, Danilo P. Bivariate EMD analysis for aircraft component inspection. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, p 2797-2802, 2010, ISIE 2010
[13] Mattern, Friedemann. Floerkemeier, Christian. From the internet of computers to the internet of things. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in ArtificialIntelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), v 6462 LNCS, p 242-259, 2010
[14]彭辉燕.基于HHT的故障诊断时频分析:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2010
[15]姜志宏,王晖,孙晓,陶钧.穿戴式辅助维修终端系统KD-PMA的设计.兵工自动化,2006,25(9):21-22
[16]曹原,杜晓明.便携维修辅助设备(PMA)的应用研究.第一届维修工程国际学术会议论文集. 2006:358-360
[17] Chang, Yoon S. Oh, Chang H. Whang, Yoon S. Lee, Jae J. Kwon, Jang A. Kang, Min S. Park, Jun.S. Park, Ung Y. Development of RFID enabled aircraft maintenance system. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN'06, p 224-229, 2007
[18]孙弋. ARM-Linux嵌入式系统开发基础.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2008,21-22
[19] Anderson, Timothy R. Daim, Tugrul U. Kim, Jisun. Technology forecasting for wireless communication. Technovation, v 28, n 9, p 602-614, September 2008
[20] Dhawan, Sanjeev. Analogy of promising wireless technologies on different frequencies: Bluetooth, WiFi, and WiMAX. The 2nd International Conference on Wireless Broadband and Ultra Wideband Communications, AusWireless 2007
[21] Abu Shariah, Mohammad A. M. Ainon, Raja N. Zainuddin, Roziati. Khalifa, Othman O. Human computer interaction using isolated-words speech recognition technology. 2007 International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems, ICIAS 2007, p 1173-1178, 2007
[22]段道聚,张永祯,张景义,廖小健.基于无线网络的便携式维修辅助终端设计.信息化研究, 2010(8):59-61
[23]赵玉婷,左洪福,潘绍松.便携式维修设备终端PMA的研究.飞机设计, 2010(3):72-74
[24] Tom Nicolai, Thomas Sindt, Hendrik Witt, J¨orn Reimerdes, and Holger Kenn. Wearable Computing for Aircraft Maintenance: Simplifying the User Interface. IFAWC2006. March 15-16. Mobile Research Center, TZI Universit?t Bremen, Germany
[25]冯惊雷,朱家元,张恒喜.航空维修便携式计算机发展现状及挑战.航空维修与工程,2002(5):29-31
[26] Song, Xiangjun. Liu, Long; Jiang, Junrong. IETM technology research in the Integrated: Diagnostics of the Equipment System. ICCASM 2010 - 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling, Proceedings, v 7, p v7643-v7645, 2010
[27]孟飞,吕永健.飞机维修保障中开发和应用PMA的几点思考建议.航空维修与工程, 2008 (4):44-47
[28]郑永靖.民用飞机数字化综合维修信息系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中师范大学,2004
[29]田欣.基于S3C2440A的数字多媒体无线局域网接收端的研发:[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学, 2010
[30] S3C2440A 32-Bit CMOS Microcontroller User's Manual, Revision 1. Publication Number: 21-S3-C2440A-072004. Samsung Electronics, 2004
[31] UDA1341TS Economy audio CODEC for MiniDisc (MD) home stereo and portable applications. Philips Semiconductors, 2002
[32]林晓飞,刘彬,张辉.基于ARM嵌入式Linux应用开发与实例教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2007,163-166
[33] 54M无线USB网卡TL-WN321G+产品规格http://www.tp-link.cn/pages/product-detail.asp?d=28&t=1#tag
[34]王金泉,张学军.机务维修移动终端系统的设计方案.航空维修与工程, 2005(5):57-59
[35] Xlight FTP Server. http://www.xlightftpd.com/index.htm
[36]李洵.基于ARM9的嵌入式SIP终端的研究与实现:[硕士学位论文].郑州:郑州大学, 2007