面向服务的土地资源空间信息多级语义网格研究
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摘要
随着土地资源信息化建设的不断深入,由各种多元异构问题引起的“信息孤岛”现象日益突出,并逐渐成为土地资源信息全面共享的最大障碍。近年来,网络服务技术的成熟以及网格服务(Grid Services)技术体系的形成,为解决地理空间信息共享与实现地理信息服务(GIS Services)提供了有效的手段。本文将地理信息共享与互操作技术、网格技术和土地信息管理方法与技术三者相结合,选取了基于开放地理空间联盟(OGC)技术集成网格技术的途径,提出了面向土地资源管理的土地资源网络服务模型,并在该模型基础上构架了土地资源多级语义网格,最后,实现了按省、市、县三级划分的土地资源语义网格原型平台。具体研究内容如下:
1、分析了当前GIS与网格技术集成的两种途径。鉴于传统途径,即在已有网格平台上搭建GIS功能的方法,在设计思路、采用的技术手段、遵循的标准规范、适合的应用场景等方面对区域管理领域的不适宜性,选取了基于OGC技术集成网格技术的途径。该技术途径目前在国内仅限于理论探讨,在国内外尚无在土地管理等区域管理领域的实践尝试。为此,本文深入剖析了在区域管理领域实现该技术途径所涉及的各种问题。
2、从语法角度探讨网络环境下地理信息服务的框架结构和实现技术,在借鉴OGC网络服务体系结构和面向服务体系架构(SOA)参考架构的基础上,通过制定土地资源服务的分类体系,提出了面向土地资源管理的土地资源网络服务模型,重点分析了模型的框架结构,并结合地理空间开放源码项目,给出了模型的解决方案。
3、从语义角度尝试解决土地资源的语义异构问题。在对信息科学中的本体理论和本体工程方法进行较深入研究的基础上,分析了土地资源混合本体的结构,提出了本体开发和应用的一般技术路线,并通过解决三个具体问题,建立了本体应用的三种模式。
4、在土地资源网络服务模型的基础上,从土地资源网格的内涵着手,结合网格理论和网格技术,设计了基于网格服务的土地资源多级语义平台,研究了该平台的体系结构、网格服务的分级模式和网格结点的部署策略。
5、在上述研究的基础上,构建和部署了按照省、市、县三级划分的土地资源语义网格平台,并经过大数据量的测试,在实践中进行试用。
研究表明,本文选取的OGC技术集成网格技术的途径是正确的;提出的面向土地资源管理的土地资源网络服务模型是可行的;所构架的土地资源多级语义网格具有实用性;本研究所实现的按省、市、县三级划分的土地资源语义网格原型平台,达到预期目标。本文提出的方法,为提高土地资源共享与互操作水平,提供了一条可行的新途径。
With the further development of land resource informationization, "Information Silos" caused by multi-resources and heterogeneity have gained more and more attentions and gradually become the biggest barrier to fully share land resource information. The maturity of Web Services and the formation of Grid Services provide an effective facility to share geographic information and implement GIS Services in recent years. In this dissertation, by combining the theories and technologies of geographic information sharing and interoperability, Grid and land information management, and adopting an approach of integrating OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) technology with Grid, a land resource management oriented web services model for land resources (LR-WSM) is proposed, based on which a land multi-level semantic grid for land resources (LR-MSG) is designed. Finally, a province-city-county three-level semantic grid for land resources is realized. The main research contents are as follows.
1. Analyzing the two approaches of integrating GIS and Grid. In view of the unsuitability of the traditional approach, namely building GIS functionalities on existing Grid platform, for regional management area, in respect of system design, adopted technology, standards and specifications, applicable scenarios, etc., the approach of integrating OGC technology with Grid is preferred, which is limited to theoretical exploratory stage and has not yet been adopted by any practical attempts in regional management area such as land management at home and abroad. Therefore, various issues related to implementing this approach in the area of regional management are dissected.
2. Discussing the geographic information services framework and implementation technology in the Web from the syntactic aspect. Based on OGC Web Services (OWS) Framework and Reference Architecture for Service Oriented Architecture (SOA-RA) and by formulating land resources service taxonomy, a land resource management oriented web services model for land resources is put forward. The architecture of this model is focused on and a solution is given based on Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G).
3. Attempting to solve semantic heterogeneity of land resources. After exploring the ontology theory and ontological engineering method from information science, the structure of the land resource hybrid ontology is analyzed and a general technology roadmap for developing and applying ontology is presented. Three patterns of ontology application are established by solving three semantic problems.
4. On the basis of LR-WSM, commencing with the explanation of the characteristics of land resource grid and combined with the theory and technology of Grid, a grid service based multi-level semantic grid platform for land resources is designed. The architecture, hierarchical mode of grid services and deployment strategy of grid nodes of this platform are studied in detail.
5. A province-city-county three-level semantic grid platform for land resources is developed and deployed, which has been tested with massive data and tried out in practice.
The research shows: the adopted approach of integrating OGC technology with Grid is of correctness; the proposed LR-WSM is of feasibility; the built LR-MSG is of practicability. The prototype platform achieves the expected goals. The method presented in this dissertation provides a new way to improve the sharing and interoperation of the land resource information.
1、分析了当前GIS与网格技术集成的两种途径。鉴于传统途径,即在已有网格平台上搭建GIS功能的方法,在设计思路、采用的技术手段、遵循的标准规范、适合的应用场景等方面对区域管理领域的不适宜性,选取了基于OGC技术集成网格技术的途径。该技术途径目前在国内仅限于理论探讨,在国内外尚无在土地管理等区域管理领域的实践尝试。为此,本文深入剖析了在区域管理领域实现该技术途径所涉及的各种问题。
2、从语法角度探讨网络环境下地理信息服务的框架结构和实现技术,在借鉴OGC网络服务体系结构和面向服务体系架构(SOA)参考架构的基础上,通过制定土地资源服务的分类体系,提出了面向土地资源管理的土地资源网络服务模型,重点分析了模型的框架结构,并结合地理空间开放源码项目,给出了模型的解决方案。
3、从语义角度尝试解决土地资源的语义异构问题。在对信息科学中的本体理论和本体工程方法进行较深入研究的基础上,分析了土地资源混合本体的结构,提出了本体开发和应用的一般技术路线,并通过解决三个具体问题,建立了本体应用的三种模式。
4、在土地资源网络服务模型的基础上,从土地资源网格的内涵着手,结合网格理论和网格技术,设计了基于网格服务的土地资源多级语义平台,研究了该平台的体系结构、网格服务的分级模式和网格结点的部署策略。
5、在上述研究的基础上,构建和部署了按照省、市、县三级划分的土地资源语义网格平台,并经过大数据量的测试,在实践中进行试用。
研究表明,本文选取的OGC技术集成网格技术的途径是正确的;提出的面向土地资源管理的土地资源网络服务模型是可行的;所构架的土地资源多级语义网格具有实用性;本研究所实现的按省、市、县三级划分的土地资源语义网格原型平台,达到预期目标。本文提出的方法,为提高土地资源共享与互操作水平,提供了一条可行的新途径。
With the further development of land resource informationization, "Information Silos" caused by multi-resources and heterogeneity have gained more and more attentions and gradually become the biggest barrier to fully share land resource information. The maturity of Web Services and the formation of Grid Services provide an effective facility to share geographic information and implement GIS Services in recent years. In this dissertation, by combining the theories and technologies of geographic information sharing and interoperability, Grid and land information management, and adopting an approach of integrating OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) technology with Grid, a land resource management oriented web services model for land resources (LR-WSM) is proposed, based on which a land multi-level semantic grid for land resources (LR-MSG) is designed. Finally, a province-city-county three-level semantic grid for land resources is realized. The main research contents are as follows.
1. Analyzing the two approaches of integrating GIS and Grid. In view of the unsuitability of the traditional approach, namely building GIS functionalities on existing Grid platform, for regional management area, in respect of system design, adopted technology, standards and specifications, applicable scenarios, etc., the approach of integrating OGC technology with Grid is preferred, which is limited to theoretical exploratory stage and has not yet been adopted by any practical attempts in regional management area such as land management at home and abroad. Therefore, various issues related to implementing this approach in the area of regional management are dissected.
2. Discussing the geographic information services framework and implementation technology in the Web from the syntactic aspect. Based on OGC Web Services (OWS) Framework and Reference Architecture for Service Oriented Architecture (SOA-RA) and by formulating land resources service taxonomy, a land resource management oriented web services model for land resources is put forward. The architecture of this model is focused on and a solution is given based on Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G).
3. Attempting to solve semantic heterogeneity of land resources. After exploring the ontology theory and ontological engineering method from information science, the structure of the land resource hybrid ontology is analyzed and a general technology roadmap for developing and applying ontology is presented. Three patterns of ontology application are established by solving three semantic problems.
4. On the basis of LR-WSM, commencing with the explanation of the characteristics of land resource grid and combined with the theory and technology of Grid, a grid service based multi-level semantic grid platform for land resources is designed. The architecture, hierarchical mode of grid services and deployment strategy of grid nodes of this platform are studied in detail.
5. A province-city-county three-level semantic grid platform for land resources is developed and deployed, which has been tested with massive data and tried out in practice.
The research shows: the adopted approach of integrating OGC technology with Grid is of correctness; the proposed LR-WSM is of feasibility; the built LR-MSG is of practicability. The prototype platform achieves the expected goals. The method presented in this dissertation provides a new way to improve the sharing and interoperation of the land resource information.
引文
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