直流光学电流互感器信号检测技术的研究
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摘要
基于法拉第磁光效应的直流光学电流互感器具有广阔的发展前景,但在实用化道路上还存在一些问题,本文针对提高直流光学电流互感器的信号检测性能展开研究。本文首先设计了直流光学电流互感器的结构,对其在测量过程中引入的内部噪声及其信噪特性进行理论分析和试验,验证了其存在噪声与信号频带相重叠的问题。其次,分析和比较了微弱信号检测的各种方法,针对直流输电系统电流测量的要求,确定采用调制解调方法对直流输电线路上的直流电流进行测量,采用相关检测方法测量直流输电线路的谐波电流。再次,设计了直流光学电流互感器的直流电流测量系统,在LabVIEW环境下进行了仿真验证,并设计了直流检测实验电路和信号检测结构,仿真和试验结果表明本文所设计的直流测量系统能够满足测量要求。最后,应用相关检测法设计了特征谐波测量系统,在LabVIEW环境下进行了仿真验证,结果满足谐波检测的精度要求。
The Optical Direct Current Transducer based on Faraday Magneto-optic effects have a great future,but still some problems exist in the application.In this paper,firstly it designs the structure of the Optical Direct Current Transducer and analyzes and tests the interior noise which is led into from the measurement and the signal to noise characteristic.And also it verifies the noise overlaps the signal band.Then,it analyzes and compares the methods of measurement of weak signal,to contend with the precision of current measurement in the DC transition system,it uses the method of modulate and demodulate to measure DC current on the DC line and uses the correlation detection to harmonic waves on DC line.Thirdly it designs the DC current measurement system of The Optical Direct Current Transducers, simulates and verifies by the LabVIEW software,also designs a structure of signal measurement and a test circuit of DC measurement.The results of simulation and test indicate the DC measurement system contends with measurement standard.Lastly,it designs the characteristic harmonic wave measurement system by the same principle.Also simulates and verifies on the LabVIEW software,the result contends the precision standard of harmonic waves.
The Optical Direct Current Transducer based on Faraday Magneto-optic effects have a great future,but still some problems exist in the application.In this paper,firstly it designs the structure of the Optical Direct Current Transducer and analyzes and tests the interior noise which is led into from the measurement and the signal to noise characteristic.And also it verifies the noise overlaps the signal band.Then,it analyzes and compares the methods of measurement of weak signal,to contend with the precision of current measurement in the DC transition system,it uses the method of modulate and demodulate to measure DC current on the DC line and uses the correlation detection to harmonic waves on DC line.Thirdly it designs the DC current measurement system of The Optical Direct Current Transducers, simulates and verifies by the LabVIEW software,also designs a structure of signal measurement and a test circuit of DC measurement.The results of simulation and test indicate the DC measurement system contends with measurement standard.Lastly,it designs the characteristic harmonic wave measurement system by the same principle.Also simulates and verifies on the LabVIEW software,the result contends the precision standard of harmonic waves.
引文
[1]徐雁.光电直流电流及谐波电流互感器的研究:[博士学位论文].武汉,华中科技大学电气学院,2004
[2]徐雁,张艳,朱明钧,等.基于空心线圈的HVDC谐波电流测量及性能分析.电力系统自动化,2005,29(22):87-90
[3]张德赛,罗道军,彭剑.国内外光电式电流互感器研究现状.四川电力技术,1999,2:53-55
[4]王晓菁.光学电流互感器的研究方向与现状.电力科学与工程.2008,24(2):34-36
[5]李岩松.高精度自适应光学电流互感器及其稳定性研究:[博士学位论文].北京,华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,2004
[6]J.Song,P.G.McLaren,D.J.Thomson,R.L.Middleton.A Faraday effect based clamp-on magneto-optical current transducer for power systems.IEEE WESCANEX' 95 PROCEEDINGS,329-333
[7]K.Bohnert,H.Brandle,G.Frosio.Field test of interferometric optical fiber high-voltage and current sensors,in Tenth International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors,B.Culshaw,J.D.C.Jones,Editors,Proc.SPIE,vol.2360,1994,16-19
[8]邓凡.基于Rogowski线圈的高压直流谐波电流测量:[硕士学位论文].武汉,华中科技大学电气学院,2005
[9]尚秋峰,王仁洲,杨以涵.光学电流互感器及其在电力系统中的应用.华北电力大学学报,2001,28(2):14-18
[10]张艳,叶妙元,徐雁,等.光电式直流电流互感器的研制与挂网运行.高压电器,2006,42(1):73-76
[11]郭毅军.高压直流输电系统的现状及发展概述.中国西部科技,2008,7(15):12-14
[12]张健,及洪泉,远振海,李岩松,郭志忠.光学电流互感器及其应用评述.高电压技术,2007,33(5):32-36
[13]S.X.Short,P.Tantaswadi,R.T.de Carvalho,B.D.Russell,and J.Blake.An experimental study of acoustic vibration effects in optical fiber current sensors.IEEE Trans.Power Delivery,Vol.11,No.4,1996,1702-1706
[14]高晋占.微弱信号检测.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[15]杨祥龙.随机共振理论在弱信号检测中的应用研究:[博士学位论文].杭州, 浙江大学研究生院,2003
[16]张文爱,宁爱平.混沌背景下基于小波神经网络的弱信号检测.太原理工大学学报,2006,37(3):281-283
[17]苏中元,贾民平.基于希尔伯特黄变换周期平稳类微弱故障信号检测.东南大学学报,2006,36(3):389-392
[18]朱志宇,姜长生,张冰,刘维亭.基于混沌理论的微弱信号检测方法.传感器技术,2005,24(5):65-68
[19]陈华敏,师学明,李大心.二维相干技术在微弱信号检测中的应用.西安工业学院学报,2004,24(2):118-122
[20]邹燕,冯丽爽,张春熹,刘军.锁定放大器在微弱光信号检测中的应用.电测与仪表,2005,42(479):15-18
[21]李岩松,张国庆,于文斌,杨以涵,高曙,郭志忠.基于自适应滤波的光学电流互感器的信噪分离.电网技术,2003,27(11):64-67
[22]I.J.Moon and L.R.Carley.Performance comparison of detection methods in magnetic recording.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS.,vol.26,no.E.A.Lee and D.G.Messerschmitt,Digital Communications,Boston:Kluwer Academic Publisher,1988
[23]马凤鸣,刘鸣,杨文敏,窦丽民.信号调制解调实验设计.实验科学与技术,2006,6(3)
[24]Paul Horowitz,Winfield Hill(美).电子学.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[25]K.Bohnert,P.Gabus,J.Nehring,and H.Brandle.Temperature and vibration insensitive fiber-optic current sensor.J.Lightw.Technol.,vol.20,no.2,2002,67-276
[26]K.Kurosawa,S.Yoshida,K.Sakamoto,1.Masuda,and T.Yamashita.An optical fiber-type current sensor utilizing the Faraday effect of flint glass fiber,in Tenth International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors,B.Culshaw,J.D.C.Jones,Editors,Proc.SPIE,vol.,1994,24-27
[27]伦振坚.高压直流输电系统的谐波分析.技术与管理,25-28
[28]Robert H.Bishop(美).Labview7实用教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[29]P.A.Nicatti and P.Robert.Stabilized current sensor using a Sagnac interferometer.J.Phys.E:Sci.Instrum.,vol.21,1988,791-796
[30]邓凡,徐雁,毕然,朱明均,叶妙元,张艳,王建生.一种新型高压直流谐波电流测量方法.高电压技术,2005,31(2):46-48
[31]John G.Kenney,Richard Carley,Roger W.Wood,et al.Multi-level Decision Feedback Equalization for Saturation Recording.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS.VOL.29.NO.3,JULY 1993,2160-2171
[32]John P.Fonseka.Improved Decision Boundaries of Narrowband M-ary CPFSK.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS,VOL.42,NO.6,JUNE 1994,2204-2207
[33]Char-Dir Chung.Differentially Coherent Detection Technique for Direct-Sequence Code Acquisition in a Rayleigh Fading Mobile Channel.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS,VOL.43,NO.2/3/4,FEBRUARY/MARCH/APRIL 1995,1116-1126
[34]LukaszBednarz,Rashmi,GhaniaFarhi,BenoitHaekens,VineentBayot,IsabelleHuynen.Solutions for in put impedance matching of nanodevices:Application to Y-Branch Junction HF to DC rectifie.Proceedings of the 1st European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference,1-8
[35]J.J.SMIT.HIGH VOLTAGE INSULATION DIAGNOSIS FOR LIFETIME MANAGEMENT.Proceedings of 1998 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials,in conjunction with 1998 Asian International Conference on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation and the 30th Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials,Toyohashi,Japan,Sept.27-30,1998,23-28
[36]郭志忠.电子式电流互感器研究评述.继电器,2005,33(14):11-14
[37]李士林.Duffing 振子微弱信号检测方法的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].北京,华北电力大学,2003
[38]J.G.Kenney,P.A.McEwen,L.R.Carley.Evaluation of magnetic recording detection schemes for thin film media.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS,VOL.27,no.6,Nov.1991
[39]R.W.Wood and D.A.Petersen.Viterbi detection of class Ⅳ partial response on a magnetic recording channel.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS,VOL.COM-34,no.5,May1986,454-461
[40]EdwardA.Ulmer,Jr.Member.A HIGH-ACCURACY OPTICAL CURRENT TRANSDUCER FOR ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,Vol.5,No.2,April 1990,892-898
[41]Choong Soo LIM,Kijang OH,Dalwoo KIM and Kyuman CHO.Hybrid Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Using Two Faraday Glass-Slab Magnetic Field Sensors.Japanese Journal of AppliedPhysics,Vol.43,No5A 2004,2737-2741
[42]G.Frosio and R.Dandliker.Reciprocal reflection interfere ometer for a fiber-optic Faraday current sensor.Appl.Opt,vol.33,no.25,1994,6111-6122
[43]黄方能.天广交直流并联输电系统的谐波分析:[硕士学位论文].广西,广西大 学,2001
[44]赵芫萍.直流输电系统的谐波危害及抑制措施.广西电力工程,2000,2:56-60
[45]F.Maystre and A.Bertholds.Magneto-optic current sensor using a helical-fiber Fabry-Perot resonator.Opt.Left,Vol.14,No.11,1989,587-589
[46]李琨,张汉富,张树丹,于宗光.一种基于DDS的改进信号合成电路设计.半导体技术,2007,32(1):52-54
[47]王慧梅,周静.基于C8051F060单片机控制AD9833实现FSK调制.世界电子元器件,2008
[48]胡德明.基于DDS的频率合成技术的应用.科技资讯,2007,02:32-33.
[49]A.Papp and H.Harms.Magneto optical current transformer 1:Principles,Appl.Optics,vol.19,no.22,1980,3729-3734
[2]徐雁,张艳,朱明钧,等.基于空心线圈的HVDC谐波电流测量及性能分析.电力系统自动化,2005,29(22):87-90
[3]张德赛,罗道军,彭剑.国内外光电式电流互感器研究现状.四川电力技术,1999,2:53-55
[4]王晓菁.光学电流互感器的研究方向与现状.电力科学与工程.2008,24(2):34-36
[5]李岩松.高精度自适应光学电流互感器及其稳定性研究:[博士学位论文].北京,华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,2004
[6]J.Song,P.G.McLaren,D.J.Thomson,R.L.Middleton.A Faraday effect based clamp-on magneto-optical current transducer for power systems.IEEE WESCANEX' 95 PROCEEDINGS,329-333
[7]K.Bohnert,H.Brandle,G.Frosio.Field test of interferometric optical fiber high-voltage and current sensors,in Tenth International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors,B.Culshaw,J.D.C.Jones,Editors,Proc.SPIE,vol.2360,1994,16-19
[8]邓凡.基于Rogowski线圈的高压直流谐波电流测量:[硕士学位论文].武汉,华中科技大学电气学院,2005
[9]尚秋峰,王仁洲,杨以涵.光学电流互感器及其在电力系统中的应用.华北电力大学学报,2001,28(2):14-18
[10]张艳,叶妙元,徐雁,等.光电式直流电流互感器的研制与挂网运行.高压电器,2006,42(1):73-76
[11]郭毅军.高压直流输电系统的现状及发展概述.中国西部科技,2008,7(15):12-14
[12]张健,及洪泉,远振海,李岩松,郭志忠.光学电流互感器及其应用评述.高电压技术,2007,33(5):32-36
[13]S.X.Short,P.Tantaswadi,R.T.de Carvalho,B.D.Russell,and J.Blake.An experimental study of acoustic vibration effects in optical fiber current sensors.IEEE Trans.Power Delivery,Vol.11,No.4,1996,1702-1706
[14]高晋占.微弱信号检测.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[15]杨祥龙.随机共振理论在弱信号检测中的应用研究:[博士学位论文].杭州, 浙江大学研究生院,2003
[16]张文爱,宁爱平.混沌背景下基于小波神经网络的弱信号检测.太原理工大学学报,2006,37(3):281-283
[17]苏中元,贾民平.基于希尔伯特黄变换周期平稳类微弱故障信号检测.东南大学学报,2006,36(3):389-392
[18]朱志宇,姜长生,张冰,刘维亭.基于混沌理论的微弱信号检测方法.传感器技术,2005,24(5):65-68
[19]陈华敏,师学明,李大心.二维相干技术在微弱信号检测中的应用.西安工业学院学报,2004,24(2):118-122
[20]邹燕,冯丽爽,张春熹,刘军.锁定放大器在微弱光信号检测中的应用.电测与仪表,2005,42(479):15-18
[21]李岩松,张国庆,于文斌,杨以涵,高曙,郭志忠.基于自适应滤波的光学电流互感器的信噪分离.电网技术,2003,27(11):64-67
[22]I.J.Moon and L.R.Carley.Performance comparison of detection methods in magnetic recording.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS.,vol.26,no.E.A.Lee and D.G.Messerschmitt,Digital Communications,Boston:Kluwer Academic Publisher,1988
[23]马凤鸣,刘鸣,杨文敏,窦丽民.信号调制解调实验设计.实验科学与技术,2006,6(3)
[24]Paul Horowitz,Winfield Hill(美).电子学.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[25]K.Bohnert,P.Gabus,J.Nehring,and H.Brandle.Temperature and vibration insensitive fiber-optic current sensor.J.Lightw.Technol.,vol.20,no.2,2002,67-276
[26]K.Kurosawa,S.Yoshida,K.Sakamoto,1.Masuda,and T.Yamashita.An optical fiber-type current sensor utilizing the Faraday effect of flint glass fiber,in Tenth International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors,B.Culshaw,J.D.C.Jones,Editors,Proc.SPIE,vol.,1994,24-27
[27]伦振坚.高压直流输电系统的谐波分析.技术与管理,25-28
[28]Robert H.Bishop(美).Labview7实用教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[29]P.A.Nicatti and P.Robert.Stabilized current sensor using a Sagnac interferometer.J.Phys.E:Sci.Instrum.,vol.21,1988,791-796
[30]邓凡,徐雁,毕然,朱明均,叶妙元,张艳,王建生.一种新型高压直流谐波电流测量方法.高电压技术,2005,31(2):46-48
[31]John G.Kenney,Richard Carley,Roger W.Wood,et al.Multi-level Decision Feedback Equalization for Saturation Recording.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS.VOL.29.NO.3,JULY 1993,2160-2171
[32]John P.Fonseka.Improved Decision Boundaries of Narrowband M-ary CPFSK.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS,VOL.42,NO.6,JUNE 1994,2204-2207
[33]Char-Dir Chung.Differentially Coherent Detection Technique for Direct-Sequence Code Acquisition in a Rayleigh Fading Mobile Channel.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS,VOL.43,NO.2/3/4,FEBRUARY/MARCH/APRIL 1995,1116-1126
[34]LukaszBednarz,Rashmi,GhaniaFarhi,BenoitHaekens,VineentBayot,IsabelleHuynen.Solutions for in put impedance matching of nanodevices:Application to Y-Branch Junction HF to DC rectifie.Proceedings of the 1st European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference,1-8
[35]J.J.SMIT.HIGH VOLTAGE INSULATION DIAGNOSIS FOR LIFETIME MANAGEMENT.Proceedings of 1998 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials,in conjunction with 1998 Asian International Conference on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation and the 30th Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials,Toyohashi,Japan,Sept.27-30,1998,23-28
[36]郭志忠.电子式电流互感器研究评述.继电器,2005,33(14):11-14
[37]李士林.Duffing 振子微弱信号检测方法的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].北京,华北电力大学,2003
[38]J.G.Kenney,P.A.McEwen,L.R.Carley.Evaluation of magnetic recording detection schemes for thin film media.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS,VOL.27,no.6,Nov.1991
[39]R.W.Wood and D.A.Petersen.Viterbi detection of class Ⅳ partial response on a magnetic recording channel.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS,VOL.COM-34,no.5,May1986,454-461
[40]EdwardA.Ulmer,Jr.Member.A HIGH-ACCURACY OPTICAL CURRENT TRANSDUCER FOR ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS.IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,Vol.5,No.2,April 1990,892-898
[41]Choong Soo LIM,Kijang OH,Dalwoo KIM and Kyuman CHO.Hybrid Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Using Two Faraday Glass-Slab Magnetic Field Sensors.Japanese Journal of AppliedPhysics,Vol.43,No5A 2004,2737-2741
[42]G.Frosio and R.Dandliker.Reciprocal reflection interfere ometer for a fiber-optic Faraday current sensor.Appl.Opt,vol.33,no.25,1994,6111-6122
[43]黄方能.天广交直流并联输电系统的谐波分析:[硕士学位论文].广西,广西大 学,2001
[44]赵芫萍.直流输电系统的谐波危害及抑制措施.广西电力工程,2000,2:56-60
[45]F.Maystre and A.Bertholds.Magneto-optic current sensor using a helical-fiber Fabry-Perot resonator.Opt.Left,Vol.14,No.11,1989,587-589
[46]李琨,张汉富,张树丹,于宗光.一种基于DDS的改进信号合成电路设计.半导体技术,2007,32(1):52-54
[47]王慧梅,周静.基于C8051F060单片机控制AD9833实现FSK调制.世界电子元器件,2008
[48]胡德明.基于DDS的频率合成技术的应用.科技资讯,2007,02:32-33.
[49]A.Papp and H.Harms.Magneto optical current transformer 1:Principles,Appl.Optics,vol.19,no.22,1980,3729-3734