基于旅游地生命周期理论的五大连池风景名胜区旅游开发研究
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摘要
火山地质遗迹是在地球演化的漫长地质历史时期,由火山作用形成、演化并遗留下来的珍贵的、不可再生的地质资源。五大连池风景名胜区拥有罕见的火山地貌,优质的矿泉水资源,这些不仅在地质学发展史方面对人类有着重大意义,而且在自然美学和环境医学方面更具有独特的观赏和实用价值。笔者通过对五大连池风景名胜区的实地考察,发现其旅游发展还存在一些问题。不解决这些问题就难以实现资源的保护及其旅游景区的可持续发展。在此背景下,笔者希望借助旅游地生命周期理论,运用问卷调查、实地考察、查阅资料等相关研究方法,通过定性与定量分析判断五大连池风景名胜区所处的生命周期阶段,以此为根据提出有益于五大连池风景名胜区发展的开发策略,以实现资源的可持续利用。
本文采用了层次分析法对五大连池风景名胜区旅游资源进行评价。在对五大连池生命周期进行判断时笔者借鉴了国内大多数专家学者的方法,通过分析旅游人数和旅游收入两项参数以及分析影响生命周期主要因素来对生命周期进行判断。确定生命周期后笔者对比分析了五大连池风景名胜区开发策略的效果与不足,提出了自己的一些相应的开发建议。
The volcanic geological vestige is the non-renewable geological resources by the volcanism which evolves in the Earth forms, evolves and leaves behind preciously in the long geologic history time, Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area have the rare volcano landform and the high quality mineral water resources, and these not only have the great significance in the geology history aspect to the humanity, but also have unique watching and the practical value in the natural esthetics and the environmental medicine aspect. The author through the on-the-spot investigation of Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area, discovered there were also some problems in its tour development. On to realize if does not solve these problems, it will be difficult for the resources protection and the traveling scenic area sustainable development. Under this background, first through the tourist resources quantitative analysis the author discovered that Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area included twoⅠLevel scenic area ,twoⅡLevel scenic area and threeⅢLevel scenic area. The grade of these tourist resources is high, and it also has the good development potential. Then with the aid of the traveling life cycle theory, through the quantitative analysis and determines the nature of judging Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area, we can realize it is at the life cycle stage of the development phase at present. According to various stages of the contrast life cycle development strategy, we proposed: we could take“the mineral spring robust paradise world and the keeping in good health heaven---The Chinese·Wudalianchi Lake”as the whole localization of Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area,“the better healthy station”as the foreign image of Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area, and make the unique traveling brand.Take the sub-healthy community as the core goal customer, the region of“two countries and one city”(China, Russia, Heihe) as the foundation market, then gradually to the Northeast, the Southern and the Northern of China, Russia far east area, even all over the world. Simultaneously we can take the market strategy which is high to low, shallow by the deep drawing, and sightseeing traveling drawing by leisure. Take“The only of China, the first-class of World”as the localization of the traveling product, and promote the new traveling product.
本文采用了层次分析法对五大连池风景名胜区旅游资源进行评价。在对五大连池生命周期进行判断时笔者借鉴了国内大多数专家学者的方法,通过分析旅游人数和旅游收入两项参数以及分析影响生命周期主要因素来对生命周期进行判断。确定生命周期后笔者对比分析了五大连池风景名胜区开发策略的效果与不足,提出了自己的一些相应的开发建议。
The volcanic geological vestige is the non-renewable geological resources by the volcanism which evolves in the Earth forms, evolves and leaves behind preciously in the long geologic history time, Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area have the rare volcano landform and the high quality mineral water resources, and these not only have the great significance in the geology history aspect to the humanity, but also have unique watching and the practical value in the natural esthetics and the environmental medicine aspect. The author through the on-the-spot investigation of Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area, discovered there were also some problems in its tour development. On to realize if does not solve these problems, it will be difficult for the resources protection and the traveling scenic area sustainable development. Under this background, first through the tourist resources quantitative analysis the author discovered that Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area included twoⅠLevel scenic area ,twoⅡLevel scenic area and threeⅢLevel scenic area. The grade of these tourist resources is high, and it also has the good development potential. Then with the aid of the traveling life cycle theory, through the quantitative analysis and determines the nature of judging Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area, we can realize it is at the life cycle stage of the development phase at present. According to various stages of the contrast life cycle development strategy, we proposed: we could take“the mineral spring robust paradise world and the keeping in good health heaven---The Chinese·Wudalianchi Lake”as the whole localization of Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area,“the better healthy station”as the foreign image of Wudalianchi Lake scenery scenic spot area, and make the unique traveling brand.Take the sub-healthy community as the core goal customer, the region of“two countries and one city”(China, Russia, Heihe) as the foundation market, then gradually to the Northeast, the Southern and the Northern of China, Russia far east area, even all over the world. Simultaneously we can take the market strategy which is high to low, shallow by the deep drawing, and sightseeing traveling drawing by leisure. Take“The only of China, the first-class of World”as the localization of the traveling product, and promote the new traveling product.
引文
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[3] 周常春,苗学玲,戴光全 主译.国际旅游规划案例分析[M].南开大学出版社,2004-1
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[8] 周虹.旅游开发对风景区可持续发展的影响及对策:[硕士学位论文]北京:北京林业大学,2004-6
[9] 王少华.旅游开发可行性研究的理论、方法与实践:[硕士学位论文]兰州:西北师范大学
[10] 胡书林,张策,任炜鑫.泰山旅游市场发展规模预测及对策[J].商业现代化,2007-1
[11] 和丽春.区域旅游客源市场分析-以丽江为例:[硕士学位论文]昆明:云南师范大学,2004-6
[12] 王同文,田明中.地质公园可持续发展模式创新研究[J] .资源开发与市场,2007
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[14] 张桂兰.五大连池风景区旅游发展问题与对策研究[J].北方论丛,2002-3
[15] 孙化江,钟帮权.五大连池火山地貌景观及其开发保护[J].国土与自然资源研究,2004-3
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[17] 中国地质科学数据网:http://www.wdcgeo.net/geopark/
[18] 郑耀星,储德平.区域旅游规划、开发与管理[M].高等教育出版社,2004-9
[19] 黑龙江省五大连池世界地质公园保护条例
[20] 五大连池风景区网站:www.wdlc.com.cn
[21] Мюллер, Й . Гостинца на колесах . Ж . -д .мира,1991
[22] 郭凤辉,郭锦超,刘濂.五大连池资源评价与开发对策[J].河北师范大学学报(自然科学版),1997-6
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[25] 鲁敏.旅游地可持续发展评价模式:[硕士学位论文]武汉:华中师范大学,2001-05
[26] 任敬.旅游地生命周期研究——以云南典型旅游地为例[硕士学位论文]昆明:云南师范大学,2000-05
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[28] Gilbert E. The growth of island and seaside health resorts in England[J].Scottish Geographical Magazine, 1939
[29] Christaller W. Some consideration of tourism location in Europe: the perirheral regions underdeveloped countries recreation areas [J].Regional Science Association Papers, 1963
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[31] Stansfield C. Atlantic city and the resort cycle [J].Annals of Tourism Research, 1978
[32] Debbage K. Oligopoly and the resort cycle in the Bahamas [J].Annals of Tourism Research, 1990
[33] 孙仲明.旅游开发研究论集[C] .北京旅游教育出版社,1990
[34] 保继刚.旅游地生命周期理论与旅游规划[J] .建筑师,1998
[35] 杨振之.试论延长旅游地生命周期的模式[J] .人文地理,2003
[36] 吕宗文.黑龙江五大连池火山群现代火山构造及其形成机制[J] .火山地质与矿产,1994
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[38]陶伟.中国世界遗产地的旅游研究进展[J] .城市规划汇刊,2002
[39]李晓阳.用科学发展观构建五大连池特色旅游产业[J] .哈尔滨职业技术学院学报,2007
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[42]高兴.五大连池风景区旅游资源开发战略研究:[硕士学位论文]长春:东北师范大学,2006-4
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[44]刘静霞.国内外地质公园研究初探[J] .国土资源导刊,2004-5
[45]后立胜,许学工.国家地质公园的内涵及其旅游开发[J] .地域研究与开发,2003
[46]样森林,潘震宇,潘玉林.五大连池火山区地热显示及开发前景探讨[J] .东北地震研究,2004-6
[47]俞万源.关于旅游地生命周期理论的模型作为预测工具的思考[J] .嘉应大学学报,2001
[48] 许春晓.旅游产品生命周期论的理论思考[J] .旅游学刊,1997
[49]孙根年,吴晓娟.中国六大遗产地旅游非线性成长及比较研究[J] .陕西师范大学学报,2007
[50]蔡梅良.南岳景区生命周期的分析与调控[J] .经济地理,2006
[51]伍海琳.旅游地生命周期的控制策略[J] .企业经济,2005
[52]杨效忠,陆林.旅游地生命周期的回顾和展望[J] .人文地理,2004
[53]高凤清,马英华.五大连池保健旅游基地开发与建设要素分析[J] .时代经贸,2006-7
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