北碚10kV配电网络无功优化软件的开发
|
摘要
根据配电网络潮流及无功优化分析的需要，本文结合电力系统分析的基本理论和现代优化技术，对配电网络的拓扑分析、潮流算法和无功优化问题进行了深入研究，并成功地应用c++Builder、MATLAB和access数据库，独立开发了一套实用的配电网络潮流分析和无功优化计算软件。其主要内容如下：
(1)针对配电网络的树状结构和层次特性，研究了一种新颖的分层前推回代潮流算法，该算法不需要网络节点和支路的特殊编号，可以并行计算同一层次所有支路的功率损耗和电压损耗，从而大幅度提高了潮流的计算速度。
(2)灵活运用MATLAB的矩阵查询函数find，对常规拓扑分析算法进行了改进，大幅度减少了程序代码和复杂度。基于本文的改进算法，在实现网络拓扑分析的基础上，还将其功能扩展，进一步实现了环网查寻功能、联络线查询功能，为配网分析软件的数据检查和修改打下了很好的基础。
(3)配网网络无功优化是一个非常复杂的非线性离散优化问题，为了保证计算结果的快速性、可行性和最优性，本文结合内点法的逐次线性优化方法，以及配网电压调节的特点，对模拟进化优化方法进行了改进，并将该算法应用于配网无功优化问题的求解，取得了显著的效果。
(4)基于C++Builder、MATLAB和access数据库，独立设计和开发了配网拓扑分析、灵敏度分析、潮流分析和无功优化计算软件，该软件具有方便的文本数据输入输出界面、灵活的查询和数据修改功能、批量数据导入功能、多方案多作业的拷贝功能，是一个比较实用的电力系统高级应用软件。
(5)基于北碚供电局配电网络的实际系统，对软件的功能和本文算法的效果进行了效验，结果表明本文算法是有效的，软件功能是可靠的。
The problem of topological analysis, load flow and reactive power optimal of distribution network is deeply researched in this paper for the need of study on load flow and reactive optimal of distribution network. Combining the power system basic theory and modern optimal theory and successfully applying C++Builder, MATLAB and Access Database, a set of load flow and reactive power optimal software is developed. The content including:
(1) According to the radial structure and multilayer characteristic of distribution network, a novel layer-by-layer backward/forward sweep method id developed. The branch power/voltage loss of the same layer can be parallel computed without relabeling buses and branches, that greatly increases the speed of load flow calculation.
(2) The query function find of MATLAB is flexibly applied in general topological analysis and sharply reduce the code and complexity of program. The advanced evolution algorithm presented in this paper extend the topological function to querying loop network and querying connection line, which make a foundation for data check-up and data correction of radial analysis software.
(3) Reactive power optimal of radial network is a very complex nonlinear discrete optimal problem. To ensure the speediness, feasibility and optimality, evolution algorithm is improved by combination with interior point sequence linear optimal algorithm and principle of var balance. The improved algorithm is applied to the reactive power optimization and achieves distinct effect.
(4) Based on the C++ Builder, MATLAB and Access Database, a software for topological analysis, sensitivity analysis, load flow analysis and reactive power optimal compute of distribution network is independently developed. The software has convenient text input/output interface, flexible data query, data correction function and batch data guide-in, copy of multi-project and multi-work function. All this make the software to be a very practical advanced software for power system.
(5) Test on the BeiBei distribution network proves that the algorithm is effective and the software is reliable.
(1)针对配电网络的树状结构和层次特性，研究了一种新颖的分层前推回代潮流算法，该算法不需要网络节点和支路的特殊编号，可以并行计算同一层次所有支路的功率损耗和电压损耗，从而大幅度提高了潮流的计算速度。
(2)灵活运用MATLAB的矩阵查询函数find，对常规拓扑分析算法进行了改进，大幅度减少了程序代码和复杂度。基于本文的改进算法，在实现网络拓扑分析的基础上，还将其功能扩展，进一步实现了环网查寻功能、联络线查询功能，为配网分析软件的数据检查和修改打下了很好的基础。
(3)配网网络无功优化是一个非常复杂的非线性离散优化问题，为了保证计算结果的快速性、可行性和最优性，本文结合内点法的逐次线性优化方法，以及配网电压调节的特点，对模拟进化优化方法进行了改进，并将该算法应用于配网无功优化问题的求解，取得了显著的效果。
(4)基于C++Builder、MATLAB和access数据库，独立设计和开发了配网拓扑分析、灵敏度分析、潮流分析和无功优化计算软件，该软件具有方便的文本数据输入输出界面、灵活的查询和数据修改功能、批量数据导入功能、多方案多作业的拷贝功能，是一个比较实用的电力系统高级应用软件。
(5)基于北碚供电局配电网络的实际系统，对软件的功能和本文算法的效果进行了效验，结果表明本文算法是有效的，软件功能是可靠的。
The problem of topological analysis, load flow and reactive power optimal of distribution network is deeply researched in this paper for the need of study on load flow and reactive optimal of distribution network. Combining the power system basic theory and modern optimal theory and successfully applying C++Builder, MATLAB and Access Database, a set of load flow and reactive power optimal software is developed. The content including:
(1) According to the radial structure and multilayer characteristic of distribution network, a novel layer-by-layer backward/forward sweep method id developed. The branch power/voltage loss of the same layer can be parallel computed without relabeling buses and branches, that greatly increases the speed of load flow calculation.
(2) The query function find of MATLAB is flexibly applied in general topological analysis and sharply reduce the code and complexity of program. The advanced evolution algorithm presented in this paper extend the topological function to querying loop network and querying connection line, which make a foundation for data check-up and data correction of radial analysis software.
(3) Reactive power optimal of radial network is a very complex nonlinear discrete optimal problem. To ensure the speediness, feasibility and optimality, evolution algorithm is improved by combination with interior point sequence linear optimal algorithm and principle of var balance. The improved algorithm is applied to the reactive power optimization and achieves distinct effect.
(4) Based on the C++ Builder, MATLAB and Access Database, a software for topological analysis, sensitivity analysis, load flow analysis and reactive power optimal compute of distribution network is independently developed. The software has convenient text input/output interface, flexible data query, data correction function and batch data guide-in, copy of multi-project and multi-work function. All this make the software to be a very practical advanced software for power system.
(5) Test on the BeiBei distribution network proves that the algorithm is effective and the software is reliable.
引文
[1] 张尧，王琴等(Zhang Yao,Wang Qin,et al)．树状网的潮流算法(A Loadflow Algorithm for Radial Dislribution Power Networks)．中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE)． 1998．18(3)：217～220
[2] R.C.Burchett, et al., "Developments in optimal power flow", IEEE Trans. On Power App. Syst., Vol.PAS-101, No.2, Feb. 1982, pp406-413.
[3] 刘龙瑞，电力系统无功优化的经典法与线性规划相结合方法，重庆大学硕士论文，重庆大学电气工程学院图书室，1993，9-10
[4] 杨毅刚等，电力系统无功最优补偿与无功电源优化的数学模型和计算方法，湖南大学学报，38-43
[5] Hano. Real Time Control of System Voltage and Reactive Power. IEEE PAS-88,Nol,1969, 267-272
[6] Mamandur.K,P.C. Optimal Control of Reactive Power Flow for Improvements in Voltage Profiles and Real Power Loss Minrnization. IEEE PAS-100,No.7,1981 267-271
[7] 朱继忠，徐国禹，秦翼鸿，二滩电站接入系统四川电网无功优化配置研究．重庆大学研究报告，Jan 1995，28-30
[8] 颜伟，熊小伏，徐国禹。基于进化规划方法的新型电压无功优化模型和算法。电网技术。2002．26(6)，14～17
[9] John.Preschon. Optimal Control of Reactive Power Flow. IEEE PAS-87,No.1,1968, 234-240
[10] Hughts.A,Jee.G,Hsiang.P,Shoults.R.R,Chen.M.S. Optimal Reactive Power Planning. IEEE PAS-100,No.5,1981, 121-126
[11] 汤建民，电力系统无功补偿综合规划，重庆大学硕士论文，重庆大学电气工程学院图书室，1995，18-21
[12] 张力民，何大愚，朱太秀，牛顿法最优潮流和最优无功补偿，中国电机工程学报，1992，18(9)，34-39
[13] Wu Q H,Cao Y J,Wen J Y .Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Using an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm. Int J of Electrieal Power & Energy Systems, 1998,20(8):563-569
[14] KenjiIba. Reactive Power Optimization by Genetic Algorithm. IEEE Transon Power Systems,1994,9(2):685-692
[15] 周双喜，杨彬，实现无功优化的新算法——遗传算法，电力系统自动化，1995，19(11)，19-23
[16] 范明天，相年德，张祖平等，基于遗传算法技术的离散无功优化，电网技术，1995，
19(5)，40-45
[17] 文劲宇，江振华，姜霞等，基于遗传算法的无功优化在鄂州电网中的实现，电力系统自动化，2000，24(2)，45-47,60重庆大学硕士学位论文
[18] 周双喜，蔡虎，应用于电力系统无功优化的改进遗传算法，电网技术，1997，21(12)，1-3，11
[19] 赵登福，周文华，张伏生等，遗传算法在无功优化应用中的改进，电网技术，1998，22(10)，34-38，43
[20] 韩祯祥，文福拴，模拟进化优化方法及其应用，人工智能学术讨论会，1988，56,62
[21] LEE K Y,BAI X, PARK Y.M. Optimization method for reactive power planning by using a modified simple genetic algorithm.IEEE Trans on power systems 1995,10(4),1843-1850.
[22] 吴志远，邵惠鹤，吴新余．遗传退火进化算法[J]．上海交通大学学报．1997,31(12)：69-71
[23] GHOSE T ,GOS WAMI S K, BASU S K. Energy loss reduction in distribution system by capacitor placement through combined GA-SA technique. IEEE TENCON98,1998,1234-1243
[24] SUNDHARARA JANS,PAHWA A. Optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution system. IEEE Trans on PD, 1989,4(1),725-734.
[25] YOSHIDA H,KAWATA K, FUKUYAMA Y,etal. A partical swarm optimization for reactive power and voltage control considering voltage stability.ISAP99,1999.126-131.
[26] 倪炜，单渊达，具有优化路径的遗传算法应用于电力系统无功优化，电力系统自动化，2000年11月10日
[27] 徐清平，解学书等一种适合于解决辐射状配电网电容器最优配置问题的遗传算法，继电器，2001年9月
[28] 李亚男，张粒子，舒隽等，结合专家知识的遗传算法在无功规划优化中的应用，电网技术，2001,25(7)，14-17
[29] Tomsovic K. A Fuzzy Linear Programming Approach to Reactive Power/Voltage Control Problem. TEEE Trans on power system,V7 N1 February 1992,287-293
[30] 王平洋，王广生，胡兆光．加快遗传模糊算法的搜索过程[J]．电网技术，1999,23(5)：3-6,10
[31] Abdul-Rahman K H. A Fuzzy-based Optimal Reactive Power Control. TEEE Trans on power system,V8 N2 May 1993,662-670
[32] 谭建成等，电力系统无功结合优化的模糊数学解决，中国电机工程学报，第10卷增刊，1990年11月，32-36
[33] Abdul Rahrnank H,ShahidehpourS M,DaneshdoostM. AI Approach to Optimal VAR Control with Fuzzy Reactive Loads .IEEE Transon Power Systems, 1995,10(1):88-97
[34] SANTOSO N I,TAN O T. Neural-net based real-time control of capacitors installed on distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on power delivery,1990, 5(1):266-272
[35] 陈皓勇，王锡凡．电力系统无功优化的退火选择遗传算法[J]．中国电力，1998,31(2)：3-6
[36] Yutian Liu, Li Ma, Jianjun Zhang, GA/SA/TS hybrid algorithms for reactive power optimization, Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2000. IEEE, Volume: 1, 2000 Page(s): 245-249 vol. 1
[37] 刘明波，程劲晖，陈学军．电力系统无功综合优化的线性规划内点法．电力系统及其自动化学报．1999．11(5-6)：87～92
[38] 许诺，黄民翔，原对偶内点法与定界法在无功优化中的应用，电力系统及其自动化学报,2000年6月第12卷第3期
[39] Ponnambakam K, Quintana V H,VannelliA.A fast algorithm for power system optimization problem using an interior point method .IEEE Trans on PS, 1992,7(2),872-878
[40] Momoh JA ,Guo SX, Ogbuobiri EC etal. The quadratic interior point method solving power system optimization problems .IEEE Trans on PS, 1994,9(3), 1236-1242.
[41] Granville S. Optimal reactive dispatch through interior point methods. IEEE Trans on PS, 1994,9(1),38-42
[42] WuYu-Chi,Debs AS,Marsten RE.A direct nonlinear predictor-corrector primal-dual interior point algorithm for optimal power flows.IEEE Trans on PS, 1994,9(2), 163-167
[43] Chang SK ,Marks GE, Kato K.Optimal real-time voltage control .IEEE Trans on PS, 1990,5(3),462-467
[44] Alsac O,Bright J, Prais Me tal .Further development in LP-based optimal power flow .IEEE Trans on PS, 1990, 5(3), 421-427
[45] 颜伟，朱继忠，徐国禹．电压静态稳定裕度法确定无功补偿点．电力情报．1997．No．2．11～14
[46] 于尔铿．电力系统状态估计。水利电力出版社。1985年6月
[2] R.C.Burchett, et al., "Developments in optimal power flow", IEEE Trans. On Power App. Syst., Vol.PAS-101, No.2, Feb. 1982, pp406-413.
[3] 刘龙瑞，电力系统无功优化的经典法与线性规划相结合方法，重庆大学硕士论文，重庆大学电气工程学院图书室，1993，9-10
[4] 杨毅刚等，电力系统无功最优补偿与无功电源优化的数学模型和计算方法，湖南大学学报，38-43
[5] Hano. Real Time Control of System Voltage and Reactive Power. IEEE PAS-88,Nol,1969, 267-272
[6] Mamandur.K,P.C. Optimal Control of Reactive Power Flow for Improvements in Voltage Profiles and Real Power Loss Minrnization. IEEE PAS-100,No.7,1981 267-271
[7] 朱继忠，徐国禹，秦翼鸿，二滩电站接入系统四川电网无功优化配置研究．重庆大学研究报告，Jan 1995，28-30
[8] 颜伟，熊小伏，徐国禹。基于进化规划方法的新型电压无功优化模型和算法。电网技术。2002．26(6)，14～17
[9] John.Preschon. Optimal Control of Reactive Power Flow. IEEE PAS-87,No.1,1968, 234-240
[10] Hughts.A,Jee.G,Hsiang.P,Shoults.R.R,Chen.M.S. Optimal Reactive Power Planning. IEEE PAS-100,No.5,1981, 121-126
[11] 汤建民，电力系统无功补偿综合规划，重庆大学硕士论文，重庆大学电气工程学院图书室，1995，18-21
[12] 张力民，何大愚，朱太秀，牛顿法最优潮流和最优无功补偿，中国电机工程学报，1992，18(9)，34-39
[13] Wu Q H,Cao Y J,Wen J Y .Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Using an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm. Int J of Electrieal Power & Energy Systems, 1998,20(8):563-569
[14] KenjiIba. Reactive Power Optimization by Genetic Algorithm. IEEE Transon Power Systems,1994,9(2):685-692
[15] 周双喜，杨彬，实现无功优化的新算法——遗传算法，电力系统自动化，1995，19(11)，19-23
[16] 范明天，相年德，张祖平等，基于遗传算法技术的离散无功优化，电网技术，1995，
19(5)，40-45
[17] 文劲宇，江振华，姜霞等，基于遗传算法的无功优化在鄂州电网中的实现，电力系统自动化，2000，24(2)，45-47,60重庆大学硕士学位论文
[18] 周双喜，蔡虎，应用于电力系统无功优化的改进遗传算法，电网技术，1997，21(12)，1-3，11
[19] 赵登福，周文华，张伏生等，遗传算法在无功优化应用中的改进，电网技术，1998，22(10)，34-38，43
[20] 韩祯祥，文福拴，模拟进化优化方法及其应用，人工智能学术讨论会，1988，56,62
[21] LEE K Y,BAI X, PARK Y.M. Optimization method for reactive power planning by using a modified simple genetic algorithm.IEEE Trans on power systems 1995,10(4),1843-1850.
[22] 吴志远，邵惠鹤，吴新余．遗传退火进化算法[J]．上海交通大学学报．1997,31(12)：69-71
[23] GHOSE T ,GOS WAMI S K, BASU S K. Energy loss reduction in distribution system by capacitor placement through combined GA-SA technique. IEEE TENCON98,1998,1234-1243
[24] SUNDHARARA JANS,PAHWA A. Optimal capacitor placement on radial distribution system. IEEE Trans on PD, 1989,4(1),725-734.
[25] YOSHIDA H,KAWATA K, FUKUYAMA Y,etal. A partical swarm optimization for reactive power and voltage control considering voltage stability.ISAP99,1999.126-131.
[26] 倪炜，单渊达，具有优化路径的遗传算法应用于电力系统无功优化，电力系统自动化，2000年11月10日
[27] 徐清平，解学书等一种适合于解决辐射状配电网电容器最优配置问题的遗传算法，继电器，2001年9月
[28] 李亚男，张粒子，舒隽等，结合专家知识的遗传算法在无功规划优化中的应用，电网技术，2001,25(7)，14-17
[29] Tomsovic K. A Fuzzy Linear Programming Approach to Reactive Power/Voltage Control Problem. TEEE Trans on power system,V7 N1 February 1992,287-293
[30] 王平洋，王广生，胡兆光．加快遗传模糊算法的搜索过程[J]．电网技术，1999,23(5)：3-6,10
[31] Abdul-Rahman K H. A Fuzzy-based Optimal Reactive Power Control. TEEE Trans on power system,V8 N2 May 1993,662-670
[32] 谭建成等，电力系统无功结合优化的模糊数学解决，中国电机工程学报，第10卷增刊，1990年11月，32-36
[33] Abdul Rahrnank H,ShahidehpourS M,DaneshdoostM. AI Approach to Optimal VAR Control with Fuzzy Reactive Loads .IEEE Transon Power Systems, 1995,10(1):88-97
[34] SANTOSO N I,TAN O T. Neural-net based real-time control of capacitors installed on distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on power delivery,1990, 5(1):266-272
[35] 陈皓勇，王锡凡．电力系统无功优化的退火选择遗传算法[J]．中国电力，1998,31(2)：3-6
[36] Yutian Liu, Li Ma, Jianjun Zhang, GA/SA/TS hybrid algorithms for reactive power optimization, Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 2000. IEEE, Volume: 1, 2000 Page(s): 245-249 vol. 1
[37] 刘明波，程劲晖，陈学军．电力系统无功综合优化的线性规划内点法．电力系统及其自动化学报．1999．11(5-6)：87～92
[38] 许诺，黄民翔，原对偶内点法与定界法在无功优化中的应用，电力系统及其自动化学报,2000年6月第12卷第3期
[39] Ponnambakam K, Quintana V H,VannelliA.A fast algorithm for power system optimization problem using an interior point method .IEEE Trans on PS, 1992,7(2),872-878
[40] Momoh JA ,Guo SX, Ogbuobiri EC etal. The quadratic interior point method solving power system optimization problems .IEEE Trans on PS, 1994,9(3), 1236-1242.
[41] Granville S. Optimal reactive dispatch through interior point methods. IEEE Trans on PS, 1994,9(1),38-42
[42] WuYu-Chi,Debs AS,Marsten RE.A direct nonlinear predictor-corrector primal-dual interior point algorithm for optimal power flows.IEEE Trans on PS, 1994,9(2), 163-167
[43] Chang SK ,Marks GE, Kato K.Optimal real-time voltage control .IEEE Trans on PS, 1990,5(3),462-467
[44] Alsac O,Bright J, Prais Me tal .Further development in LP-based optimal power flow .IEEE Trans on PS, 1990, 5(3), 421-427
[45] 颜伟，朱继忠，徐国禹．电压静态稳定裕度法确定无功补偿点．电力情报．1997．No．2．11～14
[46] 于尔铿．电力系统状态估计。水利电力出版社。1985年6月