从甜菜制糖副产品中提取果胶及其降脂作用研究
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摘要
目的:建立甜菜干粕中果胶的提取工艺,测定果胶多糖的含量,并进一步研究甜菜果胶对小鼠实验性高脂血症的影响。方法:首先用稀酸提取,乙醇沉淀法提取果胶,采用正交实验优选出最佳工艺。用果胶的含量测定代替传统的提取率为指标考察提取工艺。再用所提果胶进行调脂实验研究,采用雄性昆明种小鼠84只,按体重随机分为模型组、果胶高、中、低剂量组、齐墩果酸组(OA)及空白对照组,每组14只。模型组每日早晨灌喂一次高脂乳剂;果胶组和齐墩果酸组除每日早晨灌喂一次高脂乳剂外,下午灌喂受试物一次;空白对照组灌喂同容积的生理盐水。一周后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL),并取一叶肝组织固定后病理检查。结果:筛选出的最佳提取条件为:20倍体积0.1M HCl,温度80℃,时间4小时;最佳醇沉条件为:提取液浓缩至密度为0.972,加4倍体积的95%乙醇,所得果胶含量最高。血清学检查发现中、高剂量果胶组都能降低TC,高剂量果胶组还能降低TG;病理学检查显示高剂量果胶组及OA组小鼠的肝脏脂肪沉积明显好于高脂模型组。结论:实验证实用酸提取、醇沉法可提取到含量较高的果胶。动物实验提示果胶可能具有降脂作用。
Objectives:It was studied to extract pectin from dried beet pellet and effect of beet pectin on hyperlipemia mice .Methods: Acid extraction and ethanol sedimentary method were used to extract pectin from dried beet pellet. Orthogonal design was used to optimize the better acid extraction conditions. 84 health mice, male, were divided into six groups on the base of the weight , 14 mice each group. The experimental control group was administrated with high cholesterol,while the groups of Oleanolic acid(OA) and Pectin were administrated with their own sample except high cholesterol .One week later , the contents of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(TG) and HDL were measured ;the livers were fixation with formaline. Results:The optimum acid extraction from dried beet pellet was 20 times volumn 0. 1M HC1,80℃ for 4 hours. The optimum ethanol sedimentary conditions : density of the liquor was 0.972, the volumn of 95% ethanol was 4 times. Beet Pectin showed the actions of decreasing the levels of TC and TG. OA also decreased the levels of TC and TG. Conclusions: Pectin can be extracted by acid extraction and ethanol sedimentary method. Beet Pectin is an effective agent for hyperlipemia.
Objectives:It was studied to extract pectin from dried beet pellet and effect of beet pectin on hyperlipemia mice .Methods: Acid extraction and ethanol sedimentary method were used to extract pectin from dried beet pellet. Orthogonal design was used to optimize the better acid extraction conditions. 84 health mice, male, were divided into six groups on the base of the weight , 14 mice each group. The experimental control group was administrated with high cholesterol,while the groups of Oleanolic acid(OA) and Pectin were administrated with their own sample except high cholesterol .One week later , the contents of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(TG) and HDL were measured ;the livers were fixation with formaline. Results:The optimum acid extraction from dried beet pellet was 20 times volumn 0. 1M HC1,80℃ for 4 hours. The optimum ethanol sedimentary conditions : density of the liquor was 0.972, the volumn of 95% ethanol was 4 times. Beet Pectin showed the actions of decreasing the levels of TC and TG. OA also decreased the levels of TC and TG. Conclusions: Pectin can be extracted by acid extraction and ethanol sedimentary method. Beet Pectin is an effective agent for hyperlipemia.
引文
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[10] 孙小健,张秀珍,吴晖云,等.果胶对大鼠心脑及血管组织脂类含量和脂质过氧化的影响[J].青岛医学院学报.1997,33(1):15
[11] 万良才,颜淑芬,许德珍,等.从甜菜粕中提取食用纤维和果胶的研究[J].食品与发酵工业.1994,(3):10
[12] 曾明,张汉明,郑水庆,等.葛根多糖含量的比较测定[J].中国现代应用药学杂志.2002,19(2):25
[13] 鲁建江,王莉,顾承志,等.板蓝根多糖的提取及含量测定[J].广东医学.2001,11(4):17
[14] 余大鹏,方肇年.降脂灵胶囊对高脂血症模型动物血脂的影响[J].中国中医药科技.1999,6(40):257
[15] 李茂言,何利城,吴志成,等.微孔草总油对大鼠实验性高脂血症 的防治作用[J].中国中药杂志.1999,24(2):106
[1
[16] 侯俊.高脂血症的分型与用药[J].首都医药.2000,7(1):51
[17] 刘爱文,陈析,关晓锋.从芒果皮中提取果胶的工艺研究[J].化学研究与应用.2002,14(3):345
[18] 陈雪锋,詹雪英,杨大庆.苹果渣中提取果胶的工艺研究[J].食品工业科技.2000,(3):20
[19] 孙润仓,王妹清,刘建朝,等.离子交换树脂法从甜菜渣中提取果胶[J].食品工业科技.1989,(2):40
[20] 孙又吉.雷尼替丁,阿莫西林及胶体果胶铋合用对十二指肠溃疡的疗效[J].中国新药与临床杂志.1999,18(2):18
[21] Kei Sonoyama, Shuhachi Kiriyama, Ryoya Niki. Expression of apolipoprotein A-ImRNA in liver and intestine of cecectomized rats fed feet fiber[J]. Nutritional Biochemistry. 1995(6): 380
[22] 孙小健,李玉声,张秀珍,等.果胶对大鼠脂质代谢、脂质过氧化和血浆纤维蛋白的影响[J].中国公共卫生学报.1999,18(1):25
[23] 姚雪艳,郑源庞,沈今美,等.果胶对高脂模型家兔的降脂作用[J].现代应用药学.1993,10(1):14
[24] Johanna W Lamape. Serum lipid and fecal bile acid change with cereal, vegetable, and sugar beet fiber feeding[J]. Journal of American Clinic Nutrition. 1991, 53: 1235
[25] 何锦风,郝利民.论膳食纤维[J].食品与发酵工.1998,23(5):65
[2] 柯铭清编 中草药有效成分理化与药理特性[M].长沙:湖南科技出版社,1982:243
[3] 田三德,任红涛,果胶生产技术工艺现状及发展前景[J].食品科技.2003(1):53
[4] 杨孝扑,文奋武,张小玲,等.甜菜颗粒干粕与甜菜渣提取果胶的比较研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报.1996,31(4):361
[5] 张延坤.膳食纤维在食品中的应用[J].食品工业.1997,(6):30
[6] Hoshine, Hiroshi. Skin-lighening cosmetics comprising plant extracts and other actives[J]. Kokai Tokkyo Koho Japan. 2001, 181(2): 173
[7] 宋扬,温兆霞,梁惠,等.果胶对大鼠体内脂质过氧化作用的影响[J].青岛医学院学报.1997,33(3):231
[8] 潘赞红,李薇,金鑫.姜黄素对高脂血症动物的实验研究[J].天津中医.1999,16(5):35
[9] 董文彦,张东平,伍立居,等.三种膳食纤维降血脂、通便与减肥作用的比较研究[J].中国粮油学报.2000:15(1):40
[10] 孙小健,张秀珍,吴晖云,等.果胶对大鼠心脑及血管组织脂类含量和脂质过氧化的影响[J].青岛医学院学报.1997,33(1):15
[11] 万良才,颜淑芬,许德珍,等.从甜菜粕中提取食用纤维和果胶的研究[J].食品与发酵工业.1994,(3):10
[12] 曾明,张汉明,郑水庆,等.葛根多糖含量的比较测定[J].中国现代应用药学杂志.2002,19(2):25
[13] 鲁建江,王莉,顾承志,等.板蓝根多糖的提取及含量测定[J].广东医学.2001,11(4):17
[14] 余大鹏,方肇年.降脂灵胶囊对高脂血症模型动物血脂的影响[J].中国中医药科技.1999,6(40):257
[15] 李茂言,何利城,吴志成,等.微孔草总油对大鼠实验性高脂血症 的防治作用[J].中国中药杂志.1999,24(2):106
[1
[16] 侯俊.高脂血症的分型与用药[J].首都医药.2000,7(1):51
[17] 刘爱文,陈析,关晓锋.从芒果皮中提取果胶的工艺研究[J].化学研究与应用.2002,14(3):345
[18] 陈雪锋,詹雪英,杨大庆.苹果渣中提取果胶的工艺研究[J].食品工业科技.2000,(3):20
[19] 孙润仓,王妹清,刘建朝,等.离子交换树脂法从甜菜渣中提取果胶[J].食品工业科技.1989,(2):40
[20] 孙又吉.雷尼替丁,阿莫西林及胶体果胶铋合用对十二指肠溃疡的疗效[J].中国新药与临床杂志.1999,18(2):18
[21] Kei Sonoyama, Shuhachi Kiriyama, Ryoya Niki. Expression of apolipoprotein A-ImRNA in liver and intestine of cecectomized rats fed feet fiber[J]. Nutritional Biochemistry. 1995(6): 380
[22] 孙小健,李玉声,张秀珍,等.果胶对大鼠脂质代谢、脂质过氧化和血浆纤维蛋白的影响[J].中国公共卫生学报.1999,18(1):25
[23] 姚雪艳,郑源庞,沈今美,等.果胶对高脂模型家兔的降脂作用[J].现代应用药学.1993,10(1):14
[24] Johanna W Lamape. Serum lipid and fecal bile acid change with cereal, vegetable, and sugar beet fiber feeding[J]. Journal of American Clinic Nutrition. 1991, 53: 1235
[25] 何锦风,郝利民.论膳食纤维[J].食品与发酵工.1998,23(5):65