用赤泥去除酸性矿井水中重金属的研究
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摘要
赤泥 (red mud,RM)是氧化铝生产过程中产生的废弃物,酸性矿井废水(acid mine drainage,AMD)是矿山开采过程中含硫矿物氧化产生的低pH值高重金属含量的废水,两种废弃物都会对环境产生严重的危害。本文根据地球化学工程学原理,利用改性的赤泥来处理酸性矿井水,同时去除两种污染。首先,利用电感耦合等离子质谱等分析酸性矿井水和赤泥的性质和组成,通过分析可以看出酸性矿井水的呈强酸性,其中所含的重金属的量大大超出了国家地表水水质标准。赤泥为多孔框架结构,比表面积较大,主要化学成分为Al_2O_3和Fe_2O_3,所含矿物成分复杂。其次,通过单因素实验来研究赤泥的改性方法、改性温度、改性时间、赤泥和酸性矿井水反应时的反应温度、反应时间、赤泥和酸性矿井水的固液比对pH值和重金属去除率的影响。最后通过正交实验来研究赤泥去除重金属的最佳条件和各因素对重金属去除率影响的显著度。实验结果表明,改性温度、改性时间、赤泥和酸性矿井水的反应温度、反应时间以及赤泥和酸性矿井水的固液比对重金属的平均去除率的影响均不显著,赤泥去除酸性矿井水的
Red Mud (RM) is the waste material formed during the production of alumina, the Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is the waste water which is low pH and the concentration of heavy metal is heavy. The RM and AMD contaminated seriously. According the geochemical engineering, using the RM to remove the heavy metals in AMD and eliminate the pollution of them at the same time. Using the ICP-MS and so on to analyze RM and AMD, the AMD had a high concentration of acid, it's concentration of heavy metal is greatly exceed of the standard. The red mud is porosity scaffolds and had large specific surface area. Its chemical component is
引文
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