广东省陆生野生动物疫源疫病监测预警体系科学化管理的研究
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摘要
陆生野生动物疫源疫病监测预警工作是林业部门一项全新的、法定的职责。2005年3月国家林业局启动了全国陆生野生动物疫源疫病监测体系建设,作为广东省动物防疫体系建设的重要组成部分的广东省陆生野生动物疫源疫病监测预警体系,对提高广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测和防控能力,防止野生动物与人类之间的疾病传播,将有关疫情的发生及危害降到最低水平,保障人与野生动物的安全等方面有着重要意义。
本文运用公共管理基础理论,采用实地调研、问卷调查、电话调查等方法研究了广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测体系管理和建设的现状,深入分析其存在的问题,并提出了相关的建议和措施;为进一步促进广东省各级监测站点的建设和科学化管理,本文还探讨了广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测体系管理及建设规范。本文的主要结论如下:(1)目前广东省已初步构建了野生动物疫源疫病监测预警体系;(2)广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测体系管理及建设中主要存在无专门机构和人员、监测站点布设不足等问题;(3)提出了成立监测机构、加快监测网络体系建设、配备专职人员等建议和措施;(4)探讨了包括监测站建设、监测站管理及监测站职责等方面的制度规范。
通过本文的调查和研究,首次掌握了广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测工作开展的现状,并首次探讨了广东省野生动物疫源疫病机构的建设和管理规范,以期为推动广东省乃至全国野生动物疫源疫病监测公共事业的科学化管理提供科学依据。
Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease is a first-new and legal responsibility of forestry administration, which was begin by State Forestry Administration in march 2005. The system of Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease is an important part of Animal Epidemic Prevention system in Guangdong province, and which have important meaning for improving the capability Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease and Prevention, reducing the happenstance epidemic situation and harm, insuring the public safety of human and wildlife.
The thesis studyed general situation of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease in Guangdong province, and analysed existing problems, and provided countermeasures by theory of public management, on-the-spot investigation, questionaire investigation. At the same time, this study was also discussed the construction and management criterion of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease in Guangdong province. There are four conclusions in the thesis. The first is that the system of Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease was primary builded. To the second conclusion, there are several problems in the system, such as no staffer and administration, etc. The three is provided countermeasures, such as equip monitoring staffer, etc. To the last conclusion, construction and management criterion of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease in Guangdong province were discussed.
Base on the investigation and analysis, we know the general situation of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease for the first time, and set down firstly the construction and management criterion. So as to provide scientific information for the management of Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease for Guangdong province or china.
本文运用公共管理基础理论,采用实地调研、问卷调查、电话调查等方法研究了广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测体系管理和建设的现状,深入分析其存在的问题,并提出了相关的建议和措施;为进一步促进广东省各级监测站点的建设和科学化管理,本文还探讨了广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测体系管理及建设规范。本文的主要结论如下:(1)目前广东省已初步构建了野生动物疫源疫病监测预警体系;(2)广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测体系管理及建设中主要存在无专门机构和人员、监测站点布设不足等问题;(3)提出了成立监测机构、加快监测网络体系建设、配备专职人员等建议和措施;(4)探讨了包括监测站建设、监测站管理及监测站职责等方面的制度规范。
通过本文的调查和研究,首次掌握了广东省野生动物疫源疫病监测工作开展的现状,并首次探讨了广东省野生动物疫源疫病机构的建设和管理规范,以期为推动广东省乃至全国野生动物疫源疫病监测公共事业的科学化管理提供科学依据。
Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease is a first-new and legal responsibility of forestry administration, which was begin by State Forestry Administration in march 2005. The system of Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease is an important part of Animal Epidemic Prevention system in Guangdong province, and which have important meaning for improving the capability Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease and Prevention, reducing the happenstance epidemic situation and harm, insuring the public safety of human and wildlife.
The thesis studyed general situation of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease in Guangdong province, and analysed existing problems, and provided countermeasures by theory of public management, on-the-spot investigation, questionaire investigation. At the same time, this study was also discussed the construction and management criterion of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease in Guangdong province. There are four conclusions in the thesis. The first is that the system of Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease was primary builded. To the second conclusion, there are several problems in the system, such as no staffer and administration, etc. The three is provided countermeasures, such as equip monitoring staffer, etc. To the last conclusion, construction and management criterion of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease in Guangdong province were discussed.
Base on the investigation and analysis, we know the general situation of Monitoring Wildlife Epidemic Disease for the first time, and set down firstly the construction and management criterion. So as to provide scientific information for the management of Monitoring terricolous Wildlife Epidemic Disease for Guangdong province or china.
引文
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[16]Guan Y,Zheng B J,He Y Q,et al.Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China[J].Science.2003,10:276-278.
[17]Li W,Shi Z L,Yu M,et al.Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses[J],science.2005,310(5748):676-679.
[18]Wormser G P,Ramanathan R,Nowakowski J,et al.Duration of antibiotic therapy for early Lyme disease:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[j].Ann Intern Med.2003,138:697-704.
[19]杜娈英,陈晓宁.莱姆病研究进展[J].承德医学院学报.2005,22(2):144-146.
[20]Cross M L,Buddle B M,Aldwell F E.The potential of oral vaccines for disease control in wildlife species[J].The Veterinary Journal.2006,10:1-9.
[21]李小川.林业系统突发公共事件应急管理[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2008,第1版,93-114.
[22]宋玉双,黄北英.论林业有害生物管理工作的标准化[J].防护林科技.2006,73(4):52-55.
[23]夏保成.西方公共安全管理[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2006,第1版,97-120.
[24]郭济生.政府应急管理事务[M],北京:中共中央党校出版社,2004,第1版,1-463.
[25]闪淳昌.建立突发公共事件应急机制的探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术.2005,1(2):24-26.
[26]张勇.动物疫情监测分析与疫病预防控制技术规范实施手册[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社.1997,第1版,1-2043.
[2]何翔舟.现代公共管理的发展趋势及其理性思考[J].宁波大学学报(人文科学版).2006,19(3):98-103.
[3]夏咸柱.野生动物疫病与公共卫生[J].动物保健.2006,7:21-25.
[4]王付民,谢远崧,廖庆祥.野生动物重大疫病的公共卫生问题及对策[J].广东林业科技.2007.4:38-40.
[5]Nestorowicz A,Kawaolca Y,Bean W J,et al.Molecular analysis of the hemagglutinin genes of Australian H7N7 influenza viruses:role of passerine birds in maintenance or transmission[J].Virology.1987,160(2):411-418.
[6]Peroulis I,Riley K.Detection of avian paramyxoviruses and influenza viruses among wild bird populations in Victoria[J].Aust Vet J.2004,82(1):79-82.
[7]Alexander D J.A review of avian infuenza in different bird species.Veterinary[J].Microbiology.2000,74:3-13.
[8]龚震宇,白冰.有关全球HIV艾滋病流行的最新报道[J].国外医学情报.2002,23(2):5-6.
[9]Douglas I C,Baldock F C,Black P.Outbreak investigation of an emerging disease(equine morbillivirus),Epidem.Sante[C].Anim.Proc.Of 8th ISVEE conference.Paris,1997,4:81-83.
[10]国家林业局野生动植物保护司.陆生野生动物疫源疫病监测[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2007年,第一版,1-476.
[11]王显军,韩其厚,丁淑军.狂犬病国外研究进展[J].中国人兽共患病杂志.2004,20(9):805-810.
[12]Tepsumethanon S,Tepsumethanon V,Wilde H.Risk of rabies after mammal bites in Thai[J].J Med Assoc Thai.2002,85(1):77-81.
[13]World Health Organization(WHO).Strategies for the control and elimination of rabies in Asia[M].Geneva,Switzerland.2001,2.
[14]Rota P,Oberste M S,Monroe S S,et al.Characterization of a novel corona virus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome[J],science,2003,300:1394-1398.
[15]Song H D,Tu C C,Zhang G W,et al.Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human[J].Science.2005,102:2430-2435.
[16]Guan Y,Zheng B J,He Y Q,et al.Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China[J].Science.2003,10:276-278.
[17]Li W,Shi Z L,Yu M,et al.Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses[J],science.2005,310(5748):676-679.
[18]Wormser G P,Ramanathan R,Nowakowski J,et al.Duration of antibiotic therapy for early Lyme disease:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial[j].Ann Intern Med.2003,138:697-704.
[19]杜娈英,陈晓宁.莱姆病研究进展[J].承德医学院学报.2005,22(2):144-146.
[20]Cross M L,Buddle B M,Aldwell F E.The potential of oral vaccines for disease control in wildlife species[J].The Veterinary Journal.2006,10:1-9.
[21]李小川.林业系统突发公共事件应急管理[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2008,第1版,93-114.
[22]宋玉双,黄北英.论林业有害生物管理工作的标准化[J].防护林科技.2006,73(4):52-55.
[23]夏保成.西方公共安全管理[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2006,第1版,97-120.
[24]郭济生.政府应急管理事务[M],北京:中共中央党校出版社,2004,第1版,1-463.
[25]闪淳昌.建立突发公共事件应急机制的探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术.2005,1(2):24-26.
[26]张勇.动物疫情监测分析与疫病预防控制技术规范实施手册[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社.1997,第1版,1-2043.