超空泡高速射弹变深度航行振动特性研究
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摘要
当水下航行体在一定速度下运动时会在弹体表面生成超空泡,这时水下航行体的粘湿面积可以达到最小状态,使水下航行体表面的液体摩擦阻力降到很小的值,是实现水下航行体超高速运动的一种理想手段。超空泡航行体在300m/s到1000m/s航速下,航行体与空泡壁发生连续的碰撞即尾拍现象。在连续的尾拍冲击作用下,航行体的结构动力学特性不同于传统的航行器。本文采用理论和仿真研究的手段对尾拍过程中,变深度航行时超空泡航行体的尾部激振力和结构振动特性进行了研究。主要内容如下:
在前人的基础上,对小型超空泡射弹变深度航行时的尾拍冲击载荷进行了研究,得出了变深度航行时尾拍载荷的时间变化形式,通过计算得出航行深度对尾拍运动的影响。
在尾拍载荷研究基础上,对射弹变深度航行时尾拍振动的结构响应进行了仿真模拟。得到了弹体各部位应力应变随时间的变化和频域特性,以及弹体加速度响应的时域和频域特性。
应用流固耦合仿真分析方法对变深度航行时尾拍载荷进行了研究,得出深度和角速度对尾拍运动的影响。
本文的研究结果,可以为以后的超空泡航行体尾拍振动方面的实验研究提供参考,并为超空泡航行体的结构优化设计等工作提供必要的基础。
Moving in a certain speed, underwater vehicle will produce supercavitation on the surface .At the same time, its sticky area reach to the minimum and this make fluid friction of surface reach to the minimum. Theoretically, the underwater vehicle will reach to the ultra-high speed in this situation. When the vehicle move in the speed from 300m/s to 1000m/s, it will make lasting tail-slaps to keep balance. Under the impact of the continuing tail-slaps, the structure of underwater vehicle is different from the traditional vehicle. In this paper we use theoretical and simulation methods to do some research on the tail exciting force and vibration characteristics of supercavitation underwater vehicles in the tail-slaps process. Main content as follows:
Based on the last research,we do the research on the vibration characteristic of Supercavitation high-speed projectile navigation in different depths. Also,we get the time variations of tail-slaps in variable depth navigation and the effect of variable depth on tail-slaps.
Based on the tail slaps research, we study structural response simulation of tail-slaps vibration when supercavitation projectile move in the different depth. We get the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of projectile body parts stress and acceleration response. Using FSI simulation analysis, we do the research on the tail-slaps vibration structure response in the high-speed navigation and get depth and angular velocity effect on the tail beat movement.
The results of this study can provide reference to the supercavitating vibration experiment and become the necessary basis of the work the supercavitation structure optimization design.
在前人的基础上,对小型超空泡射弹变深度航行时的尾拍冲击载荷进行了研究,得出了变深度航行时尾拍载荷的时间变化形式,通过计算得出航行深度对尾拍运动的影响。
在尾拍载荷研究基础上,对射弹变深度航行时尾拍振动的结构响应进行了仿真模拟。得到了弹体各部位应力应变随时间的变化和频域特性,以及弹体加速度响应的时域和频域特性。
应用流固耦合仿真分析方法对变深度航行时尾拍载荷进行了研究,得出深度和角速度对尾拍运动的影响。
本文的研究结果,可以为以后的超空泡航行体尾拍振动方面的实验研究提供参考,并为超空泡航行体的结构优化设计等工作提供必要的基础。
Moving in a certain speed, underwater vehicle will produce supercavitation on the surface .At the same time, its sticky area reach to the minimum and this make fluid friction of surface reach to the minimum. Theoretically, the underwater vehicle will reach to the ultra-high speed in this situation. When the vehicle move in the speed from 300m/s to 1000m/s, it will make lasting tail-slaps to keep balance. Under the impact of the continuing tail-slaps, the structure of underwater vehicle is different from the traditional vehicle. In this paper we use theoretical and simulation methods to do some research on the tail exciting force and vibration characteristics of supercavitation underwater vehicles in the tail-slaps process. Main content as follows:
Based on the last research,we do the research on the vibration characteristic of Supercavitation high-speed projectile navigation in different depths. Also,we get the time variations of tail-slaps in variable depth navigation and the effect of variable depth on tail-slaps.
Based on the tail slaps research, we study structural response simulation of tail-slaps vibration when supercavitation projectile move in the different depth. We get the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of projectile body parts stress and acceleration response. Using FSI simulation analysis, we do the research on the tail-slaps vibration structure response in the high-speed navigation and get depth and angular velocity effect on the tail beat movement.
The results of this study can provide reference to the supercavitating vibration experiment and become the necessary basis of the work the supercavitation structure optimization design.
引文
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[2]曹伟,魏英杰,王聪,邹振祝等.超空泡技术现状、问题与应用.力学进展. 2006,36(4):571~579
[3]魏平,侯健,杨柯.超空泡射弹研究综述.舰船电子工程. 2008(28)4:13~17
[4]陈兢.新概念武器——超空泡水下高速武器.飞航导弹. 2004(10):34~37
[5]谭顺谋.“水下快车”美国研制超高速潜艇.现代船舶. 2007年第2期
[6]黄继汤.空化与空蚀的原理与应用.清华大学出版社. 1991:7~14
[7] Y. N. Savchenko, V. N. Semenenko, S. I. Putlin, G. Yu. Savchenko, and Ye. I. Naumova. Some Problems of the Supercavitating Motion Management. Sixth International Symposium on Cavitation, Cav2006, Wageningen, September 2006
[8] J. A. Geurst. Linearized Theory for Partially Cavitated Hydrofoils. International Shipbuilding Progress,1959,6(60):369~384
[9] M. P. Tulin. Supercavitating Flows—Small Perturbation Theory. Journal of Ship Research,1964,5(1):13~33
[10] M. P. Tulin. Steady Two-Dimensional Cavity Flows about Slender Bodies. The David W. Taylor Model Basin, Washington,1953,Report 834
[11] H. Cohen, C. D. Sutherland, Y. O. Tu. Wall Effects in Cavitating Hydrofoil Flow. Journal of Ship Research,1957,3:31~39
[12] Y. S. Chou. Axisymmetric Cavity Flows Past Slender Bodies of Revolution. Hydronautics,1974,8(1)
[13] A. N. Varghese, J. S. Uhman, I. N. Kirchner. Axisymmetric Slender-Bodies Analysis of Supercavitating High-Speed Bodies in subsonic Flow. PhD Dissertation, in Gieseke, 1997
[14] A. D. Vasin. Supercavities in Compressible Fluid. RTO AVT/VKI special course:supercavitating flows, von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium, 12–16 February 2001
[15] V. Serebryakov. Supercavitation Flows with Gas Injection Prediction and Drag Redaction Problems. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Cavitation. Osaka, Japan:cav2003,Cav03-OS-7-003
[16] I. Nesteruk. Influence of the Unsteadiness, Compressibility and Capillarity on Long Axisymmetrie Cavities. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Cavitation. Osaka,Japan:Cav2003,Cav03.GS.6-004
[17] G. V. Logvinovich. On Law of an Unsteady Cavity Expansion. Applied hydromechanics, Kiev, v. 2(74), #3, 2000: 60-64 (in Russian)
[18] G. V. Logvinovich, V. N. Buyvol, A. S.Dudko, S. I.Putilin and Yu. R. Shevchuk. Flows with Free Boundaries. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1985: 296 (in Russian)
[19]张学伟,张亮,王聪,张嘉钟,魏英杰.基于Logvinovich独立膨胀原理的超空泡形态计算方法.兵工学报. 2009,30(3):361~365
[20] H. Lemonnier, A. Rowe. Another approach in modelling cavitating flows. J Fluid Mech, 1988, 195: 557~580
[21] S. A. Kinnas, N. E. Fine. A numerical nonlinear analysis of the flow around 2-D and 3-D partially cavitating hydrofoils. J Fluid Mech, 1993, 254(9): 151~181
[22] M. Deshpande, J. Feng, C. L. Merkle. Nonlinear euler analysis of 2-D cavity flow. Cavitation and Multiphase Flow Forum FED, 1993, 135: 149~155.
[23] Y. Chen, S. D. Heister. A numerical treatment for attached cavitation. J Fluid Eng, 1994, 116: 613
[24] C. L. Merkle, J. Feng. Buelow. Computational modeling of the dynamics of sheet cavitation. In 3rd International Symposium on Cavitation, Grenoble, France, 1998
[25] R. F. Kunz, D. A. Boger, T. S. Chyczewski, et al. Multi-phase CFD analysis of natural and ventilated cavitation about submerged bodies. ASME FEDSM 99-7364, San Francisco, USA, 1999
[26] I. Senocak. Computatuonal methodology for the simulation of turbulentcavitating flows. PhD Dissertation, University of Florida, USA, 2002
[27] R. Vaidyanathan, I. Senocak, J. Wu, W. Shyy. Sensitivity Evaluation of a Transport Equation Based Turbulent Cavitation Model. AIAA, 2002~3184
[28]黄海龙,魏英杰,黄文虎,王聪,于开平,黄庆新.重力场对通气超空泡影响的数值模拟研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报. 2007,39(5):800~803
[29]王海斌,张嘉钟,魏英杰,等.空泡形态与典型空化器参数关系的研究——小空泡数下的发展空泡形态.水动力学研究与进展. 2005, 20(2):251~257
[30]张鹏,傅慧萍.跨超音速射弹的超空泡数值模拟. 2009, 29(5):166~169
[31]易文俊,李月洁,王中原,熊天红,钱吉胜.小攻角下水下高速射弹的空泡形态特性.南京理工大学学报(自然科学版). 2008, 32(4):464~467
[32] A. Kubota, H. Kato, H. Yamaguchi. A new modeling of cavitating flows: a numerical study of unsteady cavitation on a hydrofoil section. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1992, 240:59~96
[33] C. C. S. Song, Q. Qin. Numerical simulation of unsteady cavitating flow. In 4th International Symposium on Cavitation, Pasadena, USA, 2001
[34] Q. Qin, C. C. S. Song, R. E. A. Arndt. A virtual single-phase nature cavitation model and its application to CAV2003 hydrofoil. In 5th International Symposium on Cavitation, Osaka, Japan, 2003
[35]冯光,颜开.超空泡航行体水下弹道的数值计算.船舶力学. 2005, 9(2):1~8
[36]程晓俊,鲁传敬.二维水翼的局部空泡流研究.应用数学和力学. 2000, 21(12):1310~1317
[37]袁绪龙,张宇文,杨武刚.高速超空化航行体典型空化器多相流CFD分析弹箭与制导学报. 2005, 25(1):53~55
[38]贾力平,张嘉钟,于开平,王聪,王海斌.空化器线形与超空泡减阻效果关系研究.船舶工程. 2006, 28(2):20~23
[39]褚学森,王志,颜开.自然空化流动数值模拟中参数取值影响的研究.船舶力学. 2007,11(1):32~39
[40]曹伟,魏英杰,韩万金,等.超空泡航行体阻力系数的数值模拟研究.工程力学. 2008, 25(12):208~212
[41]易文俊,李铁鹏,熊天红,等.水下高速航行体自然超空泡形态特性仿真研究.南京理工大学学报. 2009, 33(3):330~334
[42] Y. D. Vlasenko. Experimental Investigations of High Speed Unsteady Supercavitating Flows. Proceedings of Third International Symposium on Cavitation, 1998(24):524-528
[43] Y. N. Savchenko. Modeling the Supercavitation Processes. International Journal of Fluid Mechanics research. 2001, 28(5):644-659
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