多挂靠港的商品车滚装船配载优化
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摘要
伴随商品车滚装船运输市场的蓬勃发展,船舶持续大型化,可以预见多层的商品车滚装船进行多挂靠港的运输会变得越来越普及,对滚装汽车整车运输的需求也会越来越旺盛。为推进商品车滚装船运输市场的可持续发展,相应的商品车滚装船配载优化问题变得不容忽视。基于这一现实问题,本文研究的船舶配载是多层的、多类型商品车的、多装货港的和多卸货港的多阶段的商品车滚装船配载。根据装货港的不同划分成不同阶段,对每个阶段进行配载。即在每个装货港口对这个港口现有的车辆进行配载,船舱会根据车辆所要达到不同的卸货港口来分配相应的船舱(配载面或甲板)和车道,船舱(配载面或甲板)和车道的划分会根据整个航线上各个港口的车辆到达不同卸货港的比例来进行划分,然后采用遗传算法作为主程序,首先利用遗传算法全局优化能力将车辆分配到各层甲板,以航次收益最大化为目标,在此基础上,基于满足现实约束的多层配载的启发式规则,设计启发式-变异算法产生各层甲板的装载方案,并将其嵌入到主程序之中,使启发式算法与遗传算法交互进行,搜索全船及各层甲板的配载优化解。并在此研究基础上,利用计算机技能,开发商品车滚装船的配载系统,实现信息化的管理。
With the development of auto transportation market and large-scale ships, it will become more and more popular that multi-port commodity car ro-ro ship with multilayer. It will also become exuberant to ro-ro vehicle transport demand. Base on this problem, the ship stowage is defined as multilayer, many types of commodity vehicles, multi loading ports, multi unloading ports. That is to say, it is a multi-stage stowage according to different load ports and unload ports. The vehicles are loaded or unloaded with the better deck or lane in each port according to which port they will get to and how many vehicles will get to the same port. Genetic algorithm is as the main program. Firstly, genetic algorithm is used to assign the vehicles to each deck, in order to get the maximization revenue. Based of that, to meet the practical constraints on the multi-loading heuristic rules, heuristic-variation algorithm is designed which is used in very deck and embedded into the main algorithm. In order to search the optimal solution of the ro-ro ship stowage. And on the basis of this study, developing the commercial vehicle ro-ro ship stowage system to realize the information management with the computer skills.
With the development of auto transportation market and large-scale ships, it will become more and more popular that multi-port commodity car ro-ro ship with multilayer. It will also become exuberant to ro-ro vehicle transport demand. Base on this problem, the ship stowage is defined as multilayer, many types of commodity vehicles, multi loading ports, multi unloading ports. That is to say, it is a multi-stage stowage according to different load ports and unload ports. The vehicles are loaded or unloaded with the better deck or lane in each port according to which port they will get to and how many vehicles will get to the same port. Genetic algorithm is as the main program. Firstly, genetic algorithm is used to assign the vehicles to each deck, in order to get the maximization revenue. Based of that, to meet the practical constraints on the multi-loading heuristic rules, heuristic-variation algorithm is designed which is used in very deck and embedded into the main algorithm. In order to search the optimal solution of the ro-ro ship stowage. And on the basis of this study, developing the commercial vehicle ro-ro ship stowage system to realize the information management with the computer skills.
引文
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[21]郑云峰.滚装船车辆绑扎系固系统动态模拟及安全性研究[D].大连海事大学,2002.
[22]孙海涛.船舶波浪性的数学模型及在滚装船上的应用[D].大连海事大学,2002.
[23]宋振洪.客滚船舶车辆的动态装载算法[J].计算机工程,2004,30(S1)：522-523.
[24]王启友.装载重型车辆的滚装船局部强度校核[J].上海海事大学学报,2008,29(1)：41-44.
[25]刘培学.客滚船预配载软件系统的研究[D].大连海事大学,2004.
[26]杜嘉立,张义军.船舶智能配载中的知识获取技术[J].大连海事大学学报,2006,32(2)：31-34.
[27]靳志宏,金燕燕.滚装船配载优化算法及其软件化实现[J].中国航海,2010,33(2)：84-87.
[28]金燕燕.滚装船舶配载优化问题的研究[D].大连海事大学,2011.
[29]李传兴.规则波浪中的船舶稳性研究[D].大连理工大学,2005.
[30]吴小平.大型汽车滚装船参数横摇研究[J].上海造船,2011(3)：14-18.
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[36]蒋力,武坤.0-1背包问题贪婪算法应用研究[J].计算机与数字工程,2007,38(6)：32-33.
[37]任瑞征,严蔚敏.整数背包问题的应用及其算法研究[J].小型微型计算机系统,2001,22(2)：204-206.
[38]陆鹏,高茂庭,李迎新.遗传算法在0-1一维背包问题上的应用研究[J].计算机与数 字工程,2007,35(10)：35-37.
[39]虞安波,杨家本.多背包问题的遗传算法求解[J].计算基数与自动化,2002,21(2)：59-63.
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[43]贺毅朝,刘坤起,张翠军,张巍.求解背包问题的贪心遗传算法及其应用[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(11)：2655-2657.
[44]严太山.用基于贪婪算法的混合遗传算法求解0/1背包问题[J].现代计算机,2007(8)：14-17.
[45]张瑜,娄卉芳,文良浩,熊颉.一种改进的遗传算法交叉策略[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(1)：94-97.
[46]鲍江宏.用遗传算法实现罚函数法解多选择背包问题[J].计算机工程与设计,2008,29(17)：4518-4520.
[47]周云鹏,题正义.遗传算法在组合优化中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2005(z1)：283-285.
[48]郭贝贝,靳志宏,石丽红,李肇坤.现实约束条件下的集装箱多箱装载优化[J].上海海事大学学报,2009,30(2)：8-13.
[49]靳志宏,兰辉,郭贝贝.基于现实约束的集装箱配载优化及可视化[J].系统工程理论与实践,2010,30(9)：1722-1728.
[50]张敏健.中大型汽车滚装船设计[J].船舶设计通讯,2010(2)：19-26.
[2]高勇军.汽车滚装运输船的特点和发展趋势[J].船舶设计通讯,2007(1)：69-72.
[3]孙文一.中国汽车滚装船运输市场分析[J].世界海运,2007,30(6)：9-11.
[4]崔桂青,段贵军,王宝阔.我国汽车滚装船运输的发展分析[J].现代商贸工业,2008,20(12)：160-161.
[5]王青春.滚装船发展前景及安全性[J].世界海运,2000(23),4：16-17.
[6]苗文钢,刘红.中国汽车滚装船运输发展存在的问题及应对措施[J].港口经济,2009(5)：31-33.
[7]王彦,吕靖.国际航运经济与市场(第二版)[M],大连海事大学出版社,2009.
[8]Jia Jun-bo. Invesigations of vehicle securing without lashings for Ro-Ro ships [J]. Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2007,12(1):43-57.
[9]Turnbull, S. R., Dawson, D.. Dynamic behaviour of flexible semi-trailers on board ro-ro ship [J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,1999,41 (12):1447-1460.
[10]Surendran S., Lee, S. K., Venkata J., Lee G. Nonlinear roll dynamics of a Ro-Ro ship in waves[J]. Ocean Engineering,2005,32(14-15):1818-1828.
[11]Karminski J. Ro-Ro passenger ship for Adriatic outer isles and the Croatian national waters[J]. Brodogradnja,2005:315-322.
[12]Chan Hoi-Sang, Mehmet Atlar, Atilla Incecik. Large-amplitude motion responses of a Ro-Ro ship to regular oblique waves in intact and damaged conditions [J]. Journal of Marine Science and Technology,2002,7(2):91-99.
[13]Hua, J.. A study of the parametrically excited roll motion of a ro-ro ship in following and heading waves[J]. Ritish Maritime Technology,1990,39(420):345-367.
[14]Emin Korkut, Mehmet Atlar, Atilla Incecik. An experimental study of motion behaviour with an intact and damaged Ro-Ro ship model [J]. Ocean Engineering, 2004,31(3-4):483-512.
[15]Santos T. A., Guedes Soares C.. Ro-ro ship damage stability calculations using the pressure integration technique [J]. International Shipbuilding Progress, 2001,48 (2):169-188.
[16]Qing Shen, Yue Li and Xu-jun Chen. Dynamic analysis of multibodies system with a floating base for rolling of ro-ro ship caused by wave and slip of heavy load [J].Journal of Marine Science and Application,2003,2(2):17-24.
[17]李冬梅.滚装客船承载车辆的积载、系固及其管理[J].中国海事,2008(4)：47-49.
[18]王全作.滚装客船的积载、系固及其管理[J].航海技术,2000(1)：22-24.
[19]洪碧光,夏国忠.滚装客船的安全性改进[J].世界海运,1999(6)：4-5.
[20]张宁.滚装船上车辆绑扎系固动态模拟的数学模型[D].大连海事大学,2001.
[21]郑云峰.滚装船车辆绑扎系固系统动态模拟及安全性研究[D].大连海事大学,2002.
[22]孙海涛.船舶波浪性的数学模型及在滚装船上的应用[D].大连海事大学,2002.
[23]宋振洪.客滚船舶车辆的动态装载算法[J].计算机工程,2004,30(S1)：522-523.
[24]王启友.装载重型车辆的滚装船局部强度校核[J].上海海事大学学报,2008,29(1)：41-44.
[25]刘培学.客滚船预配载软件系统的研究[D].大连海事大学,2004.
[26]杜嘉立,张义军.船舶智能配载中的知识获取技术[J].大连海事大学学报,2006,32(2)：31-34.
[27]靳志宏,金燕燕.滚装船配载优化算法及其软件化实现[J].中国航海,2010,33(2)：84-87.
[28]金燕燕.滚装船舶配载优化问题的研究[D].大连海事大学,2011.
[29]李传兴.规则波浪中的船舶稳性研究[D].大连理工大学,2005.
[30]吴小平.大型汽车滚装船参数横摇研究[J].上海造船,2011(3)：14-18.
[31]http://baike.baidu.com/view/1654819.htm.
[32]http://wenku.baidu.com/view/4779896faf1ffc4ffe47ac43.html.
[33]曾国清.0/1背包问题的遗传算法求解[J].科技信息,2006(3)：242-243.
[34]林鑫.基于0/1背包问题的讨论[J].微型电脑应用,2007,23(4)：15-16.
[35]黄宇林.0/1背包问题的贪心算法[J].鄂州大学学报,2006,13(6)：38-40.
[36]蒋力,武坤.0-1背包问题贪婪算法应用研究[J].计算机与数字工程,2007,38(6)：32-33.
[37]任瑞征,严蔚敏.整数背包问题的应用及其算法研究[J].小型微型计算机系统,2001,22(2)：204-206.
[38]陆鹏,高茂庭,李迎新.遗传算法在0-1一维背包问题上的应用研究[J].计算机与数 字工程,2007,35(10)：35-37.
[39]虞安波,杨家本.多背包问题的遗传算法求解[J].计算基数与自动化,2002,21(2)：59-63.
[40]http://baike.baidu.com/view/752809.htm.
[41]http://wenku.baidu.com/view/eacfe08102d276a200292ef9.html.
[42]王涛.遗传算法及其应用[J].新乡学院学报(自然科学版),2008,25(1)：56-58.
[43]贺毅朝,刘坤起,张翠军,张巍.求解背包问题的贪心遗传算法及其应用[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(11)：2655-2657.
[44]严太山.用基于贪婪算法的混合遗传算法求解0/1背包问题[J].现代计算机,2007(8)：14-17.
[45]张瑜,娄卉芳,文良浩,熊颉.一种改进的遗传算法交叉策略[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,27(1)：94-97.
[46]鲍江宏.用遗传算法实现罚函数法解多选择背包问题[J].计算机工程与设计,2008,29(17)：4518-4520.
[47]周云鹏,题正义.遗传算法在组合优化中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2005(z1)：283-285.
[48]郭贝贝,靳志宏,石丽红,李肇坤.现实约束条件下的集装箱多箱装载优化[J].上海海事大学学报,2009,30(2)：8-13.
[49]靳志宏,兰辉,郭贝贝.基于现实约束的集装箱配载优化及可视化[J].系统工程理论与实践,2010,30(9)：1722-1728.
[50]张敏健.中大型汽车滚装船设计[J].船舶设计通讯,2010(2)：19-26.