黔东锦屏八克金矿毒砂和黄铁矿标型特征研究
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摘要
黔东锦屏八克金矿床以金高度富集,矿体和围岩中广泛出现毒砂和黄铁矿而与该区其它金矿有明显区别。本文以成因矿物学和找矿矿物学的理论和方法为指导,在前人对该矿床的地质背景、成矿条件、矿床地球化学等方面进行分析的基础上,利用现代测试技术和手段对该矿区中产出的毒砂和黄铁矿进行了标型特征研究,填补了研究空白,从另一个角度取得了矿床成因方面的重要信息。
矿体含金毒砂粒度小,结晶程度差,晶胞参数接近理论值,热电性为N型电热场且均值在-195.(?)V·℃~(-1)明显低于围岩值,化学成分中S/As大于1,Fe/(As+S)小于0.5,探针下颗粒较为破碎,裂隙发育,并出现有伴生矿物方铅矿填充。
矿体含金黄铁矿形成于矿体边部及上部,细粒,结晶程度差,晶胞参数与理论值一致,热电性为P型电热场且热电系数为正值,形成温度多在234.0℃～311.3℃之间,化学成分中S/Fe大于1,为为富硫型黄铁矿,针下颗粒较为破碎,裂隙发育。
稀土元素和微量元素研究结果表明,毒砂、黄铁矿在矿体内REE明显低于围岩中的REE,铕呈现强烈的负异常;成矿流体中富集亲硫元素和LREE,亏损HFSE,成矿流体为具有弱还原性的富Cl型体系;通过对Y/Ho、Zr/Hf、Nb/Ta和Co/Ni比值的研究,推断八克金矿是一种岩浆热液型的中温矿床。
Bake gold deposit highly enriched in gold,ore and rock in the widespread arsenopyrite and pyrite and other gold and the area has a clear distinction,based on the analysis of the geolo ical background of the typical tin deposits,the regional geological conditions of mineralization,the formation mechanism, the paper applies theories and methods of minerageny and prospecting mineralogy,uses the modern testing technology,to study the typomorphic characteristics of arsenopyrite and pyrite in Bake gold deposit.Research to fill gaps,from another point of view the genesis of ore deposits have made the important information.
Gold-bearing arsenopyrite ore bodies of small size,poor crystallinity,unit cell parameters close to the theoretical value of for the N-type thermoelectric electric field and average in-195.6μV·℃-1 value was significantly lower than surrounding rock,the chemical composition of S / As more than 1,Fe /(As +S) is less than 0.5,more broken particles under probe,fracture,and there are associated minerals galena filling.
The formation of ore containing gold,iron ore in the ore body and the upper edge,fine-grained, poor crystallinity,unit cell parameters consistent with the theoretical value and power of electric field for the P-type thermoelectric coefficient and positive temperature to form more 234.0℃～311.3℃between the chemical constituents in the S / Fe is greater than 1,as for the type of sulfur-rich pyrite, needles under the particles is more broken fracture.
The result of study on rare earth elements and trace elemental indicates,orebody of pyrite and arsenopyrite REE is obviously lower than the country rock REE;the ore_forming fluid collect LREE and sulphophile element strongly and richly,lose HFSE,the ore_forming fluid is a fluid system of rich Model C1 to mineralize and have weak reducibility;through the study on Y/Ho,Zr/Hf,Nb/Ta and Co/Ni ratio,infer that Bake gold deposit is a medium tempe.ature deposit of magmatic hydrothermal.
矿体含金毒砂粒度小,结晶程度差,晶胞参数接近理论值,热电性为N型电热场且均值在-195.(?)V·℃~(-1)明显低于围岩值,化学成分中S/As大于1,Fe/(As+S)小于0.5,探针下颗粒较为破碎,裂隙发育,并出现有伴生矿物方铅矿填充。
矿体含金黄铁矿形成于矿体边部及上部,细粒,结晶程度差,晶胞参数与理论值一致,热电性为P型电热场且热电系数为正值,形成温度多在234.0℃～311.3℃之间,化学成分中S/Fe大于1,为为富硫型黄铁矿,针下颗粒较为破碎,裂隙发育。
稀土元素和微量元素研究结果表明,毒砂、黄铁矿在矿体内REE明显低于围岩中的REE,铕呈现强烈的负异常;成矿流体中富集亲硫元素和LREE,亏损HFSE,成矿流体为具有弱还原性的富Cl型体系;通过对Y/Ho、Zr/Hf、Nb/Ta和Co/Ni比值的研究,推断八克金矿是一种岩浆热液型的中温矿床。
Bake gold deposit highly enriched in gold,ore and rock in the widespread arsenopyrite and pyrite and other gold and the area has a clear distinction,based on the analysis of the geolo ical background of the typical tin deposits,the regional geological conditions of mineralization,the formation mechanism, the paper applies theories and methods of minerageny and prospecting mineralogy,uses the modern testing technology,to study the typomorphic characteristics of arsenopyrite and pyrite in Bake gold deposit.Research to fill gaps,from another point of view the genesis of ore deposits have made the important information.
Gold-bearing arsenopyrite ore bodies of small size,poor crystallinity,unit cell parameters close to the theoretical value of for the N-type thermoelectric electric field and average in-195.6μV·℃-1 value was significantly lower than surrounding rock,the chemical composition of S / As more than 1,Fe /(As +S) is less than 0.5,more broken particles under probe,fracture,and there are associated minerals galena filling.
The formation of ore containing gold,iron ore in the ore body and the upper edge,fine-grained, poor crystallinity,unit cell parameters consistent with the theoretical value and power of electric field for the P-type thermoelectric coefficient and positive temperature to form more 234.0℃～311.3℃between the chemical constituents in the S / Fe is greater than 1,as for the type of sulfur-rich pyrite, needles under the particles is more broken fracture.
The result of study on rare earth elements and trace elemental indicates,orebody of pyrite and arsenopyrite REE is obviously lower than the country rock REE;the ore_forming fluid collect LREE and sulphophile element strongly and richly,lose HFSE,the ore_forming fluid is a fluid system of rich Model C1 to mineralize and have weak reducibility;through the study on Y/Ho,Zr/Hf,Nb/Ta and Co/Ni ratio,infer that Bake gold deposit is a medium tempe.ature deposit of magmatic hydrothermal.
引文
1.王尚彦,陶平,戴传固,况顺达.贵州东部金矿[M].北京;地质出版社.2006.
2.王中刚,于学元,赵振华,等.稀土元素地球化学[M].北京;科学出版社.1989.
3.王琳.2006.湖南千里山—骑田岭芙蓉锡矿田中黄铁矿和萤石的标型特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京)硕士论文.
4.毛光周,华仁民,高剑峰,等.江西金山金矿床含金黄铁矿的稀土元素和微量元素特征[J].矿床地质,2006,25(4):412-426.
5.孙际茂,李国银,荆亭山泥,等.潭冲金矿床中毒砂标型特征及金的赋存状态[J].地质找矿论丛,2005,20(4):264-275.
6.卢焕章,王中刚,陈文一,等.贵州东南部浊积岩中金矿的地质特征和成因[J].矿床地质,2006,25(4):369-387.
7.孙士军,潘文卯.贵州八客金矿富金包成因[J],黄金地质,2002,8(2):20-25.
8.付绍洪,顾雪祥,王干,等.黔西南水银洞金矿床载金黄铁矿标型特征[J].矿物学报,2004,24(1):75-80.
9.向达福.2003.锦屏县金矿构造控制特征探讨[D].贵州:贵州大学学士论文.
10.李胜荣,陈光远,邵伟,等.胶东乳山金矿田成因矿物学[M].北京;地质出版社,1996.
11.毕献武,胡瑞忠,彭建堂,等.黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体性质的指示[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2004,23(1):1-4.
12.刘英俊,孙承辕,马东升.湖南黄金洞金矿床毒砂中金的赋存状态研究[J].地质找矿论丛,1989,4(1):42-49.
13.张艳彬,张渊,陈国华,等.山东黄埠岭金矿黄铁矿标型特征研究[J].黄金,2004,25(4):11-14.
14.李红兵,曾凡治.金矿中的黄铁矿标型特征[J]地质找矿论丛,2005,20(3):199-203.
15.余大龙.黔东八克金矿地质地球化学特征研究[J].地质地球化学,1997,1:12-17.
16.孟繁聪,孙岱生,李胜荣.烟台南张家金扩毒砂的标型特征[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1998,8(2):113-117.
17.杨光忠.2003.锦屏八克金矿物质组分探讨[D].贵州:贵州大学学士论文.
18.杨赞中,石学法,于洪军,等.矿物热电性标型及其在大洋地质找矿中的应用[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(1):11-17.
19.苏凤霞,王晓勇,贾伟光,等.吉林闹枝金矿床黄铁矿的标型特征研究[J].黄金,2003,24(5):13-16.
20.吴文明.2009.黔东锦屏县主要金矿流体包裹体研究[D].贵州:贵州大学硕士论文.
21.陈光远,邵伟,孙岱生.胶东金矿成因矿物学与找矿[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989.
22.要梅娟.2007.河南前河金矿葚沟矿段黄铁矿成因矿物学研究及深部预测[D].北京:中国地质大 学(北京)硕士论文.
23.赵葵东.2005.华南两类不同成因锡矿床同位素地球化学及成矿机理研究[D].南京:南京大学博士论文.
24.周文雅.细微浸染型金矿床中黄铁矿的标型特征及意义[J].岩矿测试,2001,20(2):100-104.
25.胡楚雁.黄铁矿的微量元素及热电性和晶体形态分析[J].现在地质,2001,15(2):238-241.
26.袁旭音,季峻峰.金矿床中毒砂的标型特征和地球化学行为探讨[J].火山地质与矿产,1992,13(4):65-69.
27.候满堂.陕西镇安太白庙金矿黄铁矿热电性特征研究及其应用[J].黄金,2000,21:5-9.
28.鲍振襄,万容江,鲍珏敏:湖南产于前寒武系中金矿床毒砂的标型特征的研究[J].黄金地质,2000,6(4):39-45.
29.鲍振襄,万榕江,包觉敏.金矿床中毒砂标型特征及金的赋存状态[J].云南地质,2005,24(1):32-48.
30.鲍振襄.江南古岛弧带金矿床中黄铁矿-毒砂-辉锑矿含金性研究[J].黄金科学技术,1993,1(3):40-47.
31.潘家州.2003.锦屏八克金矿地质特征[D].贵州:贵州大学学士论文.
32.魏存弟,周喜文,王秀平,等.黑龙江省老柞山金矿床毒砂热电性研究.长春科技大学学报,2001,31(2):132-135.
33.魏明秀.黄铁矿晶胞参数计算及某些杂质含量分布特征[J].矿物学报,1986,3:55-61.
34.Bau M,Dulski P.Comparative study of yttrium and rare-earth element behaviours in fluorine-rich hydrothermal fluids[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,1995,119:213-223.
35.Bajwah Z U,Seccombe P K and Offler R.1987.Trance element distribution,Co:Ni ratios and genesis of the Big Cadia iron_copper deposit,New South Wales,Australia[J].Mineralium Deposita,22:292-303.
36.Brill B A.1989.Trance element contents and partitioning of elements in ore minerals from the CSA Cu_Pb_Zn deposit,Australia[J].Can.Mineral,27:263-274.
37.Henderson P.Rare earth element geochemistry[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Publishers.1984.
38.Xu G.1998.Geochemistry of sulphide minerals at Dugald River,NW Queensland,with reference to ore genesis[J].Mineralogy and Petrology,63:119-139.
39.Yaxley G M,Green D H,Kamenetsky V.Carbonatite metasomatism in the southeastern Australian lithosphere[J].Journal of Petrology,1998,39:1917-1930.
2.王中刚,于学元,赵振华,等.稀土元素地球化学[M].北京;科学出版社.1989.
3.王琳.2006.湖南千里山—骑田岭芙蓉锡矿田中黄铁矿和萤石的标型特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京)硕士论文.
4.毛光周,华仁民,高剑峰,等.江西金山金矿床含金黄铁矿的稀土元素和微量元素特征[J].矿床地质,2006,25(4):412-426.
5.孙际茂,李国银,荆亭山泥,等.潭冲金矿床中毒砂标型特征及金的赋存状态[J].地质找矿论丛,2005,20(4):264-275.
6.卢焕章,王中刚,陈文一,等.贵州东南部浊积岩中金矿的地质特征和成因[J].矿床地质,2006,25(4):369-387.
7.孙士军,潘文卯.贵州八客金矿富金包成因[J],黄金地质,2002,8(2):20-25.
8.付绍洪,顾雪祥,王干,等.黔西南水银洞金矿床载金黄铁矿标型特征[J].矿物学报,2004,24(1):75-80.
9.向达福.2003.锦屏县金矿构造控制特征探讨[D].贵州:贵州大学学士论文.
10.李胜荣,陈光远,邵伟,等.胶东乳山金矿田成因矿物学[M].北京;地质出版社,1996.
11.毕献武,胡瑞忠,彭建堂,等.黄铁矿微量元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体性质的指示[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2004,23(1):1-4.
12.刘英俊,孙承辕,马东升.湖南黄金洞金矿床毒砂中金的赋存状态研究[J].地质找矿论丛,1989,4(1):42-49.
13.张艳彬,张渊,陈国华,等.山东黄埠岭金矿黄铁矿标型特征研究[J].黄金,2004,25(4):11-14.
14.李红兵,曾凡治.金矿中的黄铁矿标型特征[J]地质找矿论丛,2005,20(3):199-203.
15.余大龙.黔东八克金矿地质地球化学特征研究[J].地质地球化学,1997,1:12-17.
16.孟繁聪,孙岱生,李胜荣.烟台南张家金扩毒砂的标型特征[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1998,8(2):113-117.
17.杨光忠.2003.锦屏八克金矿物质组分探讨[D].贵州:贵州大学学士论文.
18.杨赞中,石学法,于洪军,等.矿物热电性标型及其在大洋地质找矿中的应用[J].矿物岩石,2007,27(1):11-17.
19.苏凤霞,王晓勇,贾伟光,等.吉林闹枝金矿床黄铁矿的标型特征研究[J].黄金,2003,24(5):13-16.
20.吴文明.2009.黔东锦屏县主要金矿流体包裹体研究[D].贵州:贵州大学硕士论文.
21.陈光远,邵伟,孙岱生.胶东金矿成因矿物学与找矿[M].重庆:重庆出版社,1989.
22.要梅娟.2007.河南前河金矿葚沟矿段黄铁矿成因矿物学研究及深部预测[D].北京:中国地质大 学(北京)硕士论文.
23.赵葵东.2005.华南两类不同成因锡矿床同位素地球化学及成矿机理研究[D].南京:南京大学博士论文.
24.周文雅.细微浸染型金矿床中黄铁矿的标型特征及意义[J].岩矿测试,2001,20(2):100-104.
25.胡楚雁.黄铁矿的微量元素及热电性和晶体形态分析[J].现在地质,2001,15(2):238-241.
26.袁旭音,季峻峰.金矿床中毒砂的标型特征和地球化学行为探讨[J].火山地质与矿产,1992,13(4):65-69.
27.候满堂.陕西镇安太白庙金矿黄铁矿热电性特征研究及其应用[J].黄金,2000,21:5-9.
28.鲍振襄,万容江,鲍珏敏:湖南产于前寒武系中金矿床毒砂的标型特征的研究[J].黄金地质,2000,6(4):39-45.
29.鲍振襄,万榕江,包觉敏.金矿床中毒砂标型特征及金的赋存状态[J].云南地质,2005,24(1):32-48.
30.鲍振襄.江南古岛弧带金矿床中黄铁矿-毒砂-辉锑矿含金性研究[J].黄金科学技术,1993,1(3):40-47.
31.潘家州.2003.锦屏八克金矿地质特征[D].贵州:贵州大学学士论文.
32.魏存弟,周喜文,王秀平,等.黑龙江省老柞山金矿床毒砂热电性研究.长春科技大学学报,2001,31(2):132-135.
33.魏明秀.黄铁矿晶胞参数计算及某些杂质含量分布特征[J].矿物学报,1986,3:55-61.
34.Bau M,Dulski P.Comparative study of yttrium and rare-earth element behaviours in fluorine-rich hydrothermal fluids[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,1995,119:213-223.
35.Bajwah Z U,Seccombe P K and Offler R.1987.Trance element distribution,Co:Ni ratios and genesis of the Big Cadia iron_copper deposit,New South Wales,Australia[J].Mineralium Deposita,22:292-303.
36.Brill B A.1989.Trance element contents and partitioning of elements in ore minerals from the CSA Cu_Pb_Zn deposit,Australia[J].Can.Mineral,27:263-274.
37.Henderson P.Rare earth element geochemistry[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Science Publishers.1984.
38.Xu G.1998.Geochemistry of sulphide minerals at Dugald River,NW Queensland,with reference to ore genesis[J].Mineralogy and Petrology,63:119-139.
39.Yaxley G M,Green D H,Kamenetsky V.Carbonatite metasomatism in the southeastern Australian lithosphere[J].Journal of Petrology,1998,39:1917-1930.