珠江三角洲航道工作快艇的定型研究
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摘要
珠江三角洲流域处于“泛珠江三角洲”经济圈的核心地带,已形成了高等级航道网,实现了干支直达、江海相通、水陆联运的现代化航运体系。为了给社会营运船舶提供安全、便捷、经济的航道,珠江三角洲航道部门的航道维护管理极为重要。由于珠江三角洲航道里程长、助航标志多、维护工作量大,工人劳动强度高,因此,为保证珠江三角洲内河航运畅通和航道资源的有效利用,提高航道的维护和管理能力,航道工作快艇有着重要的作用。
由于玻璃钢质量轻、强度高、成型性好和耐腐蚀性强,并且用玻璃钢材料造船,船体线型光顺、优美、大方,可减小水线下船体的摩擦阻力,从而提高船舶航行速度。因此,高速玻璃钢艇已成为国内公务执法和维护服务的工作快艇主要的船型之一。
本文首先在深入地调查研究国内外各种快艇船型发展的基础上,结合珠三角洲航道实际通航状况,以及航道维护管理工作的特殊需求,提出了适应珠江三角洲航道维护管理工作需要的玻璃钢工作快艇选型研究的必要性和现实意义。接着,本文以提高工作快艇的快速性为主要目标,分别建立了主尺度及其系数计算模型、初稳性高度计算模型、稳性力臂计算模型、航速预报模型和技术经济指标计算模型,并采用数学回归分析方法对航道工作快艇进行多方案优化论证,确定出较优航道工作艇主尺度系列。然后,结合航道管理工作的实际,制定了三种较优的珠江三角洲航道工作快艇的技术总体方案。最后,针对上述三种总体方案,建立了工作快艇体型线设计的数学模型,同时采用网格法对船舶型线的主要控制参数进行优选,最终确定珠江三角洲航道维护管理的工作快艇选型。
Pearl River Delta lies in the core area of the“Pan-Pearl River Delta”economic circle, which already have formed a high-level waterway network and a modernizational shipping system that had achieved artery/distributary nonstop shipping, overall planning river and ocean shiping, and Waterway and Land Transport. To provide safe, convenient and economic waterway for the operational ship in the society, it is extremely important for waterway maintenance management of the waterway department of the Pearl River Delta. As we known, the Pearl River Delta waterway is very long, and the signs of navigation aids are a lot. And then, large workload and high labor intensity are required to maintain the waterway for the waterway department. As an essential equipment of waterway service, waterway work speedboat has played an important role in improving the maintenance management of channel of the Pearl River Delta.
There are many advantages for fiberglass, such as light weigh, high strength, good formability and corrosion resistance. Hull lines are fairing, beautiful and generous if the ship is made of fiberglass. With such good hull lines, the frictional resistance of the hull below the water line is reduced, and then the speed of ship will be improved. Due to above adavantages, high-speed fiberglass boats have become one of the main work speedboats of the official law enforcement and maintenance management.
In-depth research on Domestic and foreign development of FRP boat hulls is done in the paper firstly. Meanwhile, according to the actual shipping status and the especial reqirement of maintenance administration of the Pearl River Delta waterways, the necessity and Realistic significance for research on Waterway Speedboat Model of Pearl River Delta are proposed. Secendly, we build the calculational models of the ship main dimension and the relevant coefficient, initial metacentric height, metacentric arm, speed prediction and technical and economic indicators with the main target of rapidity improvement of work boats. And then, base on mathematical regression analysis method, it is determined for the optimum principal dimensions of waterway work boat after multi-scheme optimization in ship design process. Thirdly, three overall technology programs of waterway work speedboat of the Pearl River Delta are selected in considering the actual status of waterway management. Finally, this paper builds the mathematical model of hull lines design of work speedboat in above three technology programs, and uses the grid method to optimize the main control parameters of hull lines. In this way, the work speedboats of the Pearl River Delta for waterway maintenance management are finalized.
由于玻璃钢质量轻、强度高、成型性好和耐腐蚀性强,并且用玻璃钢材料造船,船体线型光顺、优美、大方,可减小水线下船体的摩擦阻力,从而提高船舶航行速度。因此,高速玻璃钢艇已成为国内公务执法和维护服务的工作快艇主要的船型之一。
本文首先在深入地调查研究国内外各种快艇船型发展的基础上,结合珠三角洲航道实际通航状况,以及航道维护管理工作的特殊需求,提出了适应珠江三角洲航道维护管理工作需要的玻璃钢工作快艇选型研究的必要性和现实意义。接着,本文以提高工作快艇的快速性为主要目标,分别建立了主尺度及其系数计算模型、初稳性高度计算模型、稳性力臂计算模型、航速预报模型和技术经济指标计算模型,并采用数学回归分析方法对航道工作快艇进行多方案优化论证,确定出较优航道工作艇主尺度系列。然后,结合航道管理工作的实际,制定了三种较优的珠江三角洲航道工作快艇的技术总体方案。最后,针对上述三种总体方案,建立了工作快艇体型线设计的数学模型,同时采用网格法对船舶型线的主要控制参数进行优选,最终确定珠江三角洲航道维护管理的工作快艇选型。
Pearl River Delta lies in the core area of the“Pan-Pearl River Delta”economic circle, which already have formed a high-level waterway network and a modernizational shipping system that had achieved artery/distributary nonstop shipping, overall planning river and ocean shiping, and Waterway and Land Transport. To provide safe, convenient and economic waterway for the operational ship in the society, it is extremely important for waterway maintenance management of the waterway department of the Pearl River Delta. As we known, the Pearl River Delta waterway is very long, and the signs of navigation aids are a lot. And then, large workload and high labor intensity are required to maintain the waterway for the waterway department. As an essential equipment of waterway service, waterway work speedboat has played an important role in improving the maintenance management of channel of the Pearl River Delta.
There are many advantages for fiberglass, such as light weigh, high strength, good formability and corrosion resistance. Hull lines are fairing, beautiful and generous if the ship is made of fiberglass. With such good hull lines, the frictional resistance of the hull below the water line is reduced, and then the speed of ship will be improved. Due to above adavantages, high-speed fiberglass boats have become one of the main work speedboats of the official law enforcement and maintenance management.
In-depth research on Domestic and foreign development of FRP boat hulls is done in the paper firstly. Meanwhile, according to the actual shipping status and the especial reqirement of maintenance administration of the Pearl River Delta waterways, the necessity and Realistic significance for research on Waterway Speedboat Model of Pearl River Delta are proposed. Secendly, we build the calculational models of the ship main dimension and the relevant coefficient, initial metacentric height, metacentric arm, speed prediction and technical and economic indicators with the main target of rapidity improvement of work boats. And then, base on mathematical regression analysis method, it is determined for the optimum principal dimensions of waterway work boat after multi-scheme optimization in ship design process. Thirdly, three overall technology programs of waterway work speedboat of the Pearl River Delta are selected in considering the actual status of waterway management. Finally, this paper builds the mathematical model of hull lines design of work speedboat in above three technology programs, and uses the grid method to optimize the main control parameters of hull lines. In this way, the work speedboats of the Pearl River Delta for waterway maintenance management are finalized.
引文
[1]吴佳晖,张峰,杨为国,李甫杰。快艇总体技术专利研究。交通科技,2009(237)
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[7]杭州前进齿轮箱集团有限公司。轻型高速船用齿轮箱:中国,200320132028.8[P/OL],2008-4.11[2009-09-18]. http://www.Sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/ztjs.
[8]钟震德,尤国红等,我国地效翼船新进展,高性能船学组2003年度交流论文,2003年9月
[9]金邦杰。俄罗斯地效翼船的发展与应用(下)。船舶。1995(1):6-13。
[10]明通,国外多体船发展动态,高性能船学组2005年度交流论文,2005年11月
[11]何术龙,多体船的水动力性能综述,七○二所科技报告,2005年2月
[12]黄德波,段文洋等,高速三体船阻力、耐波性与船型优化研究,高性能船学组2004年度交流论文,2004年12月
[13]钟震德,倪其军等,小水线面双体船专题报告,高性能船学组2004年度交流论文,2004年12月
[14]卢晓平,高速三体船在波浪中的纵向运动研究,高性能船学组2004年度交流论文,2004年12月
[15]钟震德,倪其军。高性能船舶发展与应用。第二届长三角地区船舶工业发展论坛。2006年
[16]江军。中国气垫船的发展。中国海军。2004(10):34-40。
[17]杨佑宗,杨奕,陈文炜.船舶线型设计与研究[J].上海造船, 2001(2): 18-23.
[18]赵连恩,韩端锋.高性能船舶水动力原理与设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2007.10.
[19]李百齐.21世纪海洋高性能船[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001.7第一版.
[20]顾敏童主编.船舶设计原理[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2001.6 .
[21]盛振邦.船舶原理[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2001.6.
[22]邹劲,刘炀,史东岩.计算机辅助船舶设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2002.1第一版.
[23]中国船舶工业总公司编.船舶设计实用手册(总体分册)[M].北京:国防工业出版社.
[24]冷发旺.13米玻璃钢艇的型线设计[J].广东造船,2001(2):7～9.
[25]蒋毅文. Maxsurf及相关设计程序在船舶设计中的应用[J].船海工程,2005.4(4).
[26]银吴亚.浅谈高速玻璃钢船在大风浪中航行受到的危害及应采取的安全措施.中国水运,2006.6(6).
[27]李华彦,李明.玻璃钢游艇设计要点[J].中国船舶报,2005(51).
[28]郑飞鹏,李治彬.小型玻璃钢艇的稳性分析[J].中国水运2007(7).
[29]窦培林,臧瑞斌.计算机辅助玻璃钢快艇型线设计及性能计算[J].造船技术2000(4).
[30]王言英.船舶实验数据的回归分析[ J].大连理工大学学报, 1980, 19( 1) : 101-114.
[31]李铁骊,林焰,王言英.稳定运动初步的自由表面兴波波形计算[ J ] .大连理工大学学报, 1998, 38( 4) : 463-468.
[2]迪勒梅因有限公司,快艇:中国,8610754[P/OL],1987-06-10[2009-10-15].http://www.sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/zljs.
[3]中国舰船研究设计中心.一种扰流型船艉结构双体船:中国,200720086775.0[P/OL] . 2008-10-29[2009-10-18] . http ://www.sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/zljs.
[4]中国舰船研究设计中心.半潜式自变深船艇:中国,200610018292.7[P/OL].2006-07-19[2009-10-18].http://www.Sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/zljs.
[5]傅德俐.快艇分浪板:中国,03274031.X[P/OL].2004-10-27[2009-09-20].http://www.sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/zljs.
[6]傅德俐,一种新型快艇双底船台:中国, 200410-077748.8[P/OL] ,2005-06-29[2009-05-15].http://www.sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/zljs.
[7]杭州前进齿轮箱集团有限公司。轻型高速船用齿轮箱:中国,200320132028.8[P/OL],2008-4.11[2009-09-18]. http://www.Sipo.gov.cn/sip02008/ztjs.
[8]钟震德,尤国红等,我国地效翼船新进展,高性能船学组2003年度交流论文,2003年9月
[9]金邦杰。俄罗斯地效翼船的发展与应用(下)。船舶。1995(1):6-13。
[10]明通,国外多体船发展动态,高性能船学组2005年度交流论文,2005年11月
[11]何术龙,多体船的水动力性能综述,七○二所科技报告,2005年2月
[12]黄德波,段文洋等,高速三体船阻力、耐波性与船型优化研究,高性能船学组2004年度交流论文,2004年12月
[13]钟震德,倪其军等,小水线面双体船专题报告,高性能船学组2004年度交流论文,2004年12月
[14]卢晓平,高速三体船在波浪中的纵向运动研究,高性能船学组2004年度交流论文,2004年12月
[15]钟震德,倪其军。高性能船舶发展与应用。第二届长三角地区船舶工业发展论坛。2006年
[16]江军。中国气垫船的发展。中国海军。2004(10):34-40。
[17]杨佑宗,杨奕,陈文炜.船舶线型设计与研究[J].上海造船, 2001(2): 18-23.
[18]赵连恩,韩端锋.高性能船舶水动力原理与设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2007.10.
[19]李百齐.21世纪海洋高性能船[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001.7第一版.
[20]顾敏童主编.船舶设计原理[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2001.6 .
[21]盛振邦.船舶原理[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2001.6.
[22]邹劲,刘炀,史东岩.计算机辅助船舶设计[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2002.1第一版.
[23]中国船舶工业总公司编.船舶设计实用手册(总体分册)[M].北京:国防工业出版社.
[24]冷发旺.13米玻璃钢艇的型线设计[J].广东造船,2001(2):7～9.
[25]蒋毅文. Maxsurf及相关设计程序在船舶设计中的应用[J].船海工程,2005.4(4).
[26]银吴亚.浅谈高速玻璃钢船在大风浪中航行受到的危害及应采取的安全措施.中国水运,2006.6(6).
[27]李华彦,李明.玻璃钢游艇设计要点[J].中国船舶报,2005(51).
[28]郑飞鹏,李治彬.小型玻璃钢艇的稳性分析[J].中国水运2007(7).
[29]窦培林,臧瑞斌.计算机辅助玻璃钢快艇型线设计及性能计算[J].造船技术2000(4).
[30]王言英.船舶实验数据的回归分析[ J].大连理工大学学报, 1980, 19( 1) : 101-114.
[31]李铁骊,林焰,王言英.稳定运动初步的自由表面兴波波形计算[ J ] .大连理工大学学报, 1998, 38( 4) : 463-468.