铁路线路改造及维修施工技术与安全风险管理研究
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摘要
当今世界各种运输方式之间竞争激烈,为了在交通运输中争得一席之地,各国都通过进一步提高既有铁路的行驶速度、缩短旅行时间来提高自身的竞争力。通过对速度目标值及提速模式的选择,实现在客货列车混运的既有线上分步提速成为世界各国铁路共同追求的目标。
文章通过对轨道结构、路基工程、桥梁工程、隧道工程等方面如何采用先进技术和有效手段确保提速改造成效的详细分析,同时结合采用各种组合大型养路机械的先进养护维修手段,立体展示了确保我国铁路既有线提速改造有效实施的各项技术。
研究了既有线提速施工主要技术以及在施工过程中可能遇到的风险,意在总结、归纳此类实践经验,并结合现场实际、分析后形成系统、立体既有线提速改造技术体系以及成套的安全管理办法,以期达到一定的指导意义。
通过本研究,完善了提速技术标准体系,建立健全了提速线路技术标准管理体系,明确了管理职能,确保体系运作正常,为提速线路改造提供全面、标准化管理。运用各种先进技术的,使得大型养路机械广泛使用在不同的养护周期中,合理、科学地进行各型大型养路机械与匹配实施项目的配置,发挥了极好的作用。强化了安全管理基础,以超前防范、快速响应强化应急处置,准确把握安全风险所具有的全系统性、全过程性和易发多变性特点,加强安全风险的动态识别,从安全管理的功能建设上加以控制,提出各种风险应对的防控措施,从源头上加以解决。
World competition between various modes of transport, traffic and transport in order to gain a place in all countries to further improve the existing railway through the speed, shorten the travel time to improve their competitiveness. Select target speed and acceleration through the mode selection for the mixed operation of both passenger and freight trains online step by step into the world rail speed common goal.
Second, the article also through the track structure, roadbed construction, bridge construction, tunnel construction and other aspects of how to use advanced technology and effective means of ensuring the effectiveness of a detailed analysis of the transformation speed, combined with the use of various combinations of advanced large-scale road maintenance machinery maintenance and repair tools, three-dimensional demonstrated to ensure the transformation of China's existing railway speed effective implementation of the technology.
Study on the risks of speed increase of existing railways and construction of the main technical, might encounter in the course of construction, is intended to summarize, summarize such experience and combined the engineering field, formed after the analysis system, stereo technology of speed increasing of existing railway systems as well as complete sets of safety management practices, with a view to reach a certain significance.
Through this research, improved the speed of technical standard system, establish and improve the speed-raising line technical standard management system, clear management functions to ensure that systems are functioning properly, to speed-increasing lines provide a comprehensive, standardized management. Using advanced technology, makes widespread use of large track maintenance machinery in different conservation cycle, conducted in a rational and scientific manner the configuration matches the type of large track maintenance machinery and implementation of projects, played a great role. Enhanced security management foundation to advance preparedness, rapid response strengthen emergency, accurately grasp the systemic security risks and vulnerabilities of, the whole process variability characteristics of dynamic identification of security risks, security control on the administration building, put forward various risk control measures, from the source to be addressed.
文章通过对轨道结构、路基工程、桥梁工程、隧道工程等方面如何采用先进技术和有效手段确保提速改造成效的详细分析,同时结合采用各种组合大型养路机械的先进养护维修手段,立体展示了确保我国铁路既有线提速改造有效实施的各项技术。
研究了既有线提速施工主要技术以及在施工过程中可能遇到的风险,意在总结、归纳此类实践经验,并结合现场实际、分析后形成系统、立体既有线提速改造技术体系以及成套的安全管理办法,以期达到一定的指导意义。
通过本研究,完善了提速技术标准体系,建立健全了提速线路技术标准管理体系,明确了管理职能,确保体系运作正常,为提速线路改造提供全面、标准化管理。运用各种先进技术的,使得大型养路机械广泛使用在不同的养护周期中,合理、科学地进行各型大型养路机械与匹配实施项目的配置,发挥了极好的作用。强化了安全管理基础,以超前防范、快速响应强化应急处置,准确把握安全风险所具有的全系统性、全过程性和易发多变性特点,加强安全风险的动态识别,从安全管理的功能建设上加以控制,提出各种风险应对的防控措施,从源头上加以解决。
World competition between various modes of transport, traffic and transport in order to gain a place in all countries to further improve the existing railway through the speed, shorten the travel time to improve their competitiveness. Select target speed and acceleration through the mode selection for the mixed operation of both passenger and freight trains online step by step into the world rail speed common goal.
Second, the article also through the track structure, roadbed construction, bridge construction, tunnel construction and other aspects of how to use advanced technology and effective means of ensuring the effectiveness of a detailed analysis of the transformation speed, combined with the use of various combinations of advanced large-scale road maintenance machinery maintenance and repair tools, three-dimensional demonstrated to ensure the transformation of China's existing railway speed effective implementation of the technology.
Study on the risks of speed increase of existing railways and construction of the main technical, might encounter in the course of construction, is intended to summarize, summarize such experience and combined the engineering field, formed after the analysis system, stereo technology of speed increasing of existing railway systems as well as complete sets of safety management practices, with a view to reach a certain significance.
Through this research, improved the speed of technical standard system, establish and improve the speed-raising line technical standard management system, clear management functions to ensure that systems are functioning properly, to speed-increasing lines provide a comprehensive, standardized management. Using advanced technology, makes widespread use of large track maintenance machinery in different conservation cycle, conducted in a rational and scientific manner the configuration matches the type of large track maintenance machinery and implementation of projects, played a great role. Enhanced security management foundation to advance preparedness, rapid response strengthen emergency, accurately grasp the systemic security risks and vulnerabilities of, the whole process variability characteristics of dynamic identification of security risks, security control on the administration building, put forward various risk control measures, from the source to be addressed.
引文
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[6]Kopsidas, K., Rowland, S.M.. Evaluation of potentially effective ways for increasing power capacity of existing overhead lines[C].2009 International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation andSupply,2009：7.
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[17]TB 10424-2010,铁路混凝土工程施工质量验收标准[s].
[18]TB 10751-2010,高速铁路路基工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[19]TB 10753-2010,高速铁路隧道工程施工质量验收标准[S].
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[21]TBJ 105-1988,既有铁路测量技术规则[S].
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[36]贺国栋.铁路既有线提速对轨道结构的要求[J].山西建筑,2007(32)：287-288.
[37]胡华锋.既有线提速至200km/h工务存在的问题及其对策[J].铁道工程学报,2007(01)：96-101.
[38]孔光.既有线提速路涵过渡段刚度平稳过渡研究[D].北京交通大学,2007.
[39]黎国清,杨爱红,许贵阳.既有线提速综合检测技术研究与应用[J].中国铁路,2008(05)：20-22+44+1.
[40]李九章.既有线提速线路设备的管理和维修[J].郑铁科技通讯,2007(03)：12-13+28.
[41]李庆鸿.既有线提速至200km/h的轨道养修对策[J].中国铁路,2007(04)：39-44.
[42]梁韵,谭忠盛,李健,王云龙.地铁下穿既有线和扩大基础桥梁施工方案研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011(01)：117-122.
[43]刘升传.既有线重载铁路路桥过渡段路基变形与加强措施研究[D].北京交通大学,2009.
[44]刘喜春.既有线提速的工务设备及相关问题研究[D].西南交通大学,2004.
[45]刘艳新.既有线提速改建应注意的几个问题[J].铁道标准设计,2004(08)：5-7.
[46]卢朋.既有线提速改造铺架工程施工组织研究[J].中国铁路,2007(08)：50-52.
[47]马伟斌.既有线提速基床与道床相互影响的研究[D].铁道部科学研究院,2006.
[48]牛铁忠.铁路既有线提速中桥梁存在的主要问题与对策[J].铁道建筑,2002,02：17-18.
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[2]Bucca, Giuseppe. Adoption of different pantographs' preloads to improve multiple collection and speed up existing lines [J]. VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS,2012(50):403-418.
[3]DIN EN 50153-2003,铁路设施.铁路车辆.电器意外的防护规定[S].
[4]Fenton, S. Damascus plans $lbn rail expansion:Syria is to build 1,350km of new lines and upgrade 1,450km of existing railway by 2020[J]. MEED Middle East Economic Digest,2010,54(17):21.
[5]Gavin, J. Iraq moves to improve network:the government wants to regain the country's position as the region's premier railway system and plans to upgrade existing lines, construct new track and find funding for its schemes [J]. MEED Middle East Economic Digest,2012,56(39):16.
[6]Kopsidas, K., Rowland, S.M.. Evaluation of potentially effective ways for increasing power capacity of existing overhead lines[C].2009 International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation andSupply,2009：7.
[7]Luo Hongwei. Existing Railway Lines Construction Organization Scheme Research of Shanghai-Nanjing Inter-city Railway Introduction to Shanghai Railway Terminal [J]. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Transportation Science & Engineering),2011(35):431-434.
[8]Sumper, Andreas, Boix-Aragones, Oriol, Villafafila-Robles, Roberto Bergas-Jane, Joan Ramirez-Pisco, Rodrigo. Methodology for the assessment of the impact of existing high voltage lines in urban areas [J]. ENERGY POLICY,2010(38):6036-6044.
[9]TB 10002.1-2005,铁路桥涵设计基本规范[S].
[10]TB 10202-2002,铁路路基施工规范[S].
[11]TB 10218-2008,铁路工程基桩检测技术规程[S].
[12]TB 10302-1996(条文说明),铁路轨道施工及验收规范[S].
[13]TB 10401.1-2003,铁路工程施工安全技术规程(上册)[S].
[14]TB 10401.2-2003,铁路工程施工安全技术规程(下册)[S].
[15]TB 10414-2003,铁路路基工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[16]TB 10415-2003,铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[17]TB 10424-2010,铁路混凝土工程施工质量验收标准[s].
[18]TB 10751-2010,高速铁路路基工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[19]TB 10753-2010,高速铁路隧道工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[20]TB 10754-2010,高速铁路轨道工程施工质量验收标准[S].
[21]TBJ 105-1988,既有铁路测量技术规则[S].
[22]Ting Liu, Yifeng Zou, Ruhe Xie. A Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Adding Passenger Stations in Existing Intercity Railway Line [J]. Proceedings of the 6th Advanced Forum on Transportation of China (AFTC2010),2010:40-44
[23]TZ 201-2008,客货共线铁路轨道工程施工技术指南[S].
[24]TZ 202-2008,客货共线铁路路基工程施工技术指南[S].
[25]TZ 203-2008,客货共线铁路桥涵工程施工技术指南[S].
[26]Wang Yang, Shi Hongmei, Zhu Liqiang, Guo Baoqing, BE Cui, JP. Research of Surveillance System for Intruding the Existing Railway Lines Clearance during Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway Construction [C]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TEST AUTOMATION & INSTRUMENTATION,2010(1-4):218-223.
[27]Wang Yanzhen, Huang Da, Li Feng. Techniques of deformation control for subway to traverse existing railway line [J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit,2009(22):46-54.
[28]Wei, H, Zhu, H, Wang, Z & Wu, W. Center Line Coordinates Survey for Existing Railway by 3-D Constraints Method [J]. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering,2013(11):23-28.
[29]Xiaohui Zhang, Quanmei Gong, Shunhua Zhou. Study on Safety Measures for Construction of Foundation Pit Close to Existing Railway Lines[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2012(178-181):1279-1286.
[30]Yang Wei, Li Hai-ying, Wang Jiu-liang. Research on optimization in sections for drawing up train working diagram of existing line [J]. Railway Computer Application,2011(20):7-9+12.
[31]常丽新.针对铁路既有线提速经济评价方法的研究[D].西南交通大学,2007.
[32]范华,徐学东,高亮.德国既有线提速的关键技术及启示[J].铁道标准设计,2004(12)：4-7+1.
[33]方焘,刘新荣,耿大新,刁心宏.既有线路基提速改造健康状态综合评价方法[J].西南交通大学学报,2012(04)：591-596.
[34]高继宇.铁路既有线大型施工项目结合部安全管理研究[D].西南交通大学,2010.
[35]韩自力.既有线提速路基的对策研究[J].中国铁道科学,2002(02)：53-58.
[36]贺国栋.铁路既有线提速对轨道结构的要求[J].山西建筑,2007(32)：287-288.
[37]胡华锋.既有线提速至200km/h工务存在的问题及其对策[J].铁道工程学报,2007(01)：96-101.
[38]孔光.既有线提速路涵过渡段刚度平稳过渡研究[D].北京交通大学,2007.
[39]黎国清,杨爱红,许贵阳.既有线提速综合检测技术研究与应用[J].中国铁路,2008(05)：20-22+44+1.
[40]李九章.既有线提速线路设备的管理和维修[J].郑铁科技通讯,2007(03)：12-13+28.
[41]李庆鸿.既有线提速至200km/h的轨道养修对策[J].中国铁路,2007(04)：39-44.
[42]梁韵,谭忠盛,李健,王云龙.地铁下穿既有线和扩大基础桥梁施工方案研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011(01)：117-122.
[43]刘升传.既有线重载铁路路桥过渡段路基变形与加强措施研究[D].北京交通大学,2009.
[44]刘喜春.既有线提速的工务设备及相关问题研究[D].西南交通大学,2004.
[45]刘艳新.既有线提速改建应注意的几个问题[J].铁道标准设计,2004(08)：5-7.
[46]卢朋.既有线提速改造铺架工程施工组织研究[J].中国铁路,2007(08)：50-52.
[47]马伟斌.既有线提速基床与道床相互影响的研究[D].铁道部科学研究院,2006.
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